1. A method for operating a non-volatile memory having a plurality of physical blocks, which comprise a plurality of data blocks and a plurality of spare blocks, wherein the data blocks are used for storing data, and at least some spare blocks corresponding to the data blocks are reserved and used for data update operations, comprising:
estimating a performance capability status for the non-volatile memory according to an average erase count of selected physical blocks;
performing a limp function when the average erase count exceeds a first threshold, wherein the limp function is used to configure a minimum number of the at least some spare blocks reserved and used for data update operations.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
displaying an icon of a red flash light when the average erase count exceeds the first threshold.
3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
generating an indication based on the performance capability status; and
displaying a colorful icon according to the indication.
4. A method for operating a non-volatile memory having a plurality of physical blocks, which comprise a plurality of data blocks and a plurality of spare blocks, wherein the data blocks are used for storing data, and at least some spare blocks corresponding to the data blocks are reserved and used for data update operations, comprising:
estimating a performance capability status for the non-volatile memory according to a total number of available spare blocks; and
performing a limp function when the total number of available spare blocks is less than a spare threshold, wherein the limp function is used to configure a minimum number of the at least some spare blocks reserved and used for data update operations.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the performance capability status is further estimated according to an average erase count of selected physical blocks.
6. The method according to claim 4, further comprising:
performing a backup operation on the non-volatile memory for backup user data.
7. A data storage system, comprising:
a memory module having a non-volatile memory and a controller, wherein the non-volatile memory comprises a plurality of physical blocks having a plurality of data blocks and a plurality of spare blocks, and the data blocks are used for storing data and at least some spare blocks corresponding to the data blocks are reserved and used for data update operations, and the controller coupled to the non-volatile memory for obtaining an average erase count of selected physical blocks; and
a host coupled to the memory module for displaying a colorful icon when a limp function is performed, wherein the limp function is to configure a minimum number of the at least some spare blocks reserved and used for data update operations.
8. The data storage system according to claim 7, further comprising:
a monitor coupled to the host for displaying the colorful icon.
9. A data storage system, comprising:
a non-volatile memory, the non-volatile memory comprises a plurality of physical blocks having a plurality of data blocks and a plurality of spare blocks, and the data blocks are used for storing data and at least some spare blocks corresponding to the data blocks are reserved and used for data update operations; and
a controller coupled to the non-volatile memory for estimating a performance capability status according to an average erase count of selected physical blocks, and performing a limp function when the average erase count exceeds a first threshold, wherein the limp function is used to configure a minimum number of the at least some spare blocks reserved and used for data update operations.
10. A data storage system, comprising:
a non-volatile memory, the non-volatile memory comprises a plurality of physical blocks having a plurality of data blocks and a plurality of spare blocks, and the data blocks are used for storing data and at least some spare blocks corresponding to the data blocks are reserved and used for data update operations; and
a controller coupled to the non-volatile memory for estimating a performance capability status for the non-volatile memory according to a total number of available spare blocks, and performing a limp function when the total number of available spare blocks is less than a spare threshold, wherein the limp function is used to configure a minimum number of the at least some spare blocks reserved and used for data update operations.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claims which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A high-strength copper alloy containing 20 to 45% of zinc, 0.3 to 1.5% of iron, 0.3 to 1.5% of chromium, 0.2 to 3.5% of aluminum, 0.3 to 3.5% of calcium, and a balance of copper, based on mass.
2. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein a content ratio (FeCr) of said iron to said chromium is 0.5 to 2 based on mass.
3. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein said high-strength copper alloy further contains at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of 0.05 to 4% of lead, 0.02 to 3.5% of bismuth, 0.02 to 0.4% of tellurium, 0.02 to 0.4% of selenium, and 0.02 to 0.15% of antimony, based on mass.
4. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein said high-strength copper alloy further contains 0.2 to 3% of tin, based on mass.
5. (canceled)
6. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein said high-strength copper alloy further contains at least one kind of element selected from a lanthanoid group consisting of lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, gadolinium, dysprosium, ytterbium, and samarium, and a total content of said at least one kind of element is 0.5 to 5%, based on mass.
7. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein said high-strength copper alloy further contains at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of 0.5 to 3% of manganese, 0.2 to 1% of silicon, 1.5 to 4% of nickel, 0.1 to 1.2% of titanium, 0.1 to 1.5% of cobalt, and 0.5 to 2.5% of zirconium, based on mass.
8. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein said high-strength copper alloy includes iron-chromium compound particles at grain boundaries.
9. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 8, wherein said iron-chromium compound particles are particles precipitated at said grain boundaries during solidification in a casting method.
10. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 9, wherein said iron-chromium compound particles have a particle size of 10 to 50 \u03bcm.
11. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein said copper alloy is a copper alloy subjected to hot plastic working after being produced by a casting method.
12. The high-strength copper alloy according to claim 11, wherein said hot plastic working is a working method selected from the group consisting of extrusion, forging, rolling, drawing, and pulling.