1. A method of wireless communication, comprising:
receiving a signal at a receiver;
estimating the received signal via a common receiver unit comprising a channel equalizer and a multi-user detector (MUD).
2. The method of claim 1, in which the MUD is based at least in part on a channel impulse response, scrambling code, and an orthogonal code of the signal.
3. The method of claim 1, in which:
estimating the received signal via the MUD comprises applying a time varying linear filter to a sample of the received signal
estimating the received signal via the channel equalizer comprises applying a time invariant linear filter to the sample of the received signal; and
estimating the received signal comprises concatenating the received signal via a de-spread and descramble unit.
4. The method of claim 1, in which a complexity of the MUD is not affected by a number of active orthogonal codes of the signal.
5. The method of claim 1, in which the MUD processes multiple cell signals with a plurality of spreading factors.
6. The method of claim 1, in which the MUD processes multiple cell signals in a plurality of modes; at least one of the plurality of modes using an orthogonal code andor scrambling code information; and at least another one of the plurality of modes not using the orthogonal code andor scrambling code information.
7. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
means for receiving a signal at a receiver;
means for estimating the received signal via a common receiver unit comprising a channel equalizer and a multi-user detector (MUD).
8. The apparatus of claim 7, in which the MUD is based at least in part on a channel impulse response, scrambling code, and an orthogonal code of the signal.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, in which:
the means for estimating the received signal via the MUD comprises means for applying a time varying linear filter to a sample of the received signal
the means for estimating the received signal via the channel equalizer comprises means for applying a time invariant linear filter to the sample of the received signal; and
the means for estimating the received signal comprises means for concatenating the received signal.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, in which a complexity of the MUD is not affected by a number of active orthogonal codes of the signal.
11. The apparatus of claim 7, in which the MUD processes multiple cell signals with a plurality of spreading factors.
12. The apparatus of claim 7, in which the MUD processes multiple cell signals in a plurality of modes; at least one of the plurality of modes using an orthogonal code andor scrambling code information; and at least another one of the plurality of modes not using the orthogonal code andor scrambling code information.
13. A computer program product for wireless communication in a wireless network, comprising:
a non-transitory computer-readable medium having non-transitory program code recorded thereon, the program code comprising:
program code to receive a signal at a receiver;
program code to estimate the received signal via a common receiver unit comprising a channel equalizer and a multi-user detector (MUD).
14. The computer program product of claim 13, in which the MUD is based at least in part on a channel impulse response, scrambling code, and an orthogonal code of the signal.
15. The computer program product of claim 13, in which the program code to estimate the received signal further comprises:
program code to apply a time varying linear filter to a sample of the received signal when using the MUD;
program code to apply a time invariant linear filter to the sample of the received signal when using the channel estimator; and
program code to concatenate the received signal via a de-spread and descramble unit.
16. The computer program product of claim 13, in which a complexity of the MUD is not affected by a number of active orthogonal codes of the signal.
17. The computer program product of claim 13, in which the MUD processes multiple cell signals with a plurality of spreading factors.
18. The computer program product of claim 13, in which the MUD processes multiple cell signals in a plurality of modes; at least one of the plurality of modes using an orthogonal code andor scrambling code information; and at least another one of the plurality of modes not using the orthogonal code andor scrambling code information.
19. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
a memory; and
at least one processor coupled to the memory, the at least one processor being configured:
to receive a signal at a receiver;
to estimate the received signal via a common receiver unit comprising a channel equalizer and a multi-user detector (MUD).
20. The apparatus of claim 19, in which the MUD is based at least in part on a channel impulse response, scrambling code, and an orthogonal code of the signal.
21. The apparatus of claim 19, the at least one processor is further configured to
to apply a time varying linear filter to a sample of the received signal when using the MUD;
to apply a time invariant linear filter to the sample of the received signal when using the channel estimator; and
to concatenate the received signal via a de-spread and descramble unit.
22. The apparatus of claim 19, in which a complexity of the MUD is not affected by a number of active orthogonal codes of the signal.
23. The apparatus of claim 19, in which the MUD processes multiple cell signals with a plurality of spreading factors.
24. The apparatus of claim 19, in which the MUD processes multiple cell signals in a plurality of modes; at least one of the plurality of modes using an orthogonal code andor scrambling code information; and at least another one of the plurality of modes not using the orthogonal code andor scrambling code information.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claims which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of recrystallizing a layer of material comprising the steps:
selecting a substrate with the layer deposited onto the substrate;
advancing the substrate through first zone, S, such that a temperature, TS, is established within at least a portion of the deposited layer wherein Ts is less than the melting point, TMP, of the layer;
advancing the substrate through second zone, I, such that a temperature, TI, is established within at least a portion of the deposited layer wherein TI is greater than TS;
advancing the substrate through third zone, M, such that a temperature, TM, is established within at least a portion of the deposited layer wherein TM is greater than TMP; and
advancing the substrate through fourth zone, R, such that a temperature, TR, is established within at least a portion of the deposited layer wherein TR is below TMP, of the deposited layer and above a predetermined temperature, X*TMP, for at least Y seconds wherein the substrate and layer are advanced through the first through fourth zones sequentially at a rate of about Q mmsec. such that the temperature criteria of each zone is established within at least a portion of the deposited layer while that portion is physically within the respective zone.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein X is between about 0.99 and about 0.60.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein Y is between about 0.1 and about 30 seconds.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the second zone comprises one or more means for heating chosen from a group consisting of a spot of radiation rapidly scanned over the substrate, a linear array of radiation projected onto the substrate, laser, flash lamp, resistance heaters, rf coils, microwave radiation, and infra-red heaters.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the first and third zones comprise one or more means for temperature modulation chosen from a group consisting of a spot of radiation rapidly scanned over the substrate, a linear array of radiation projected onto the substrate, laser, flash lamp, resistance heaters, rf coils, microwave radiation, infra-red heaters and means for cooling comprising refrigeration coils, thermoelectric means, fans, and cooling coils.
6. The method of claim 1 where the deposited layer material is substantially one or more elements chosen from a group consisting of Group II, III, IV, V and VI elements.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the second and third zone length combined are more than 5 mm long in the direction of substrate travel.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate advancing rate, Q, is at least 0.5 mm per second.
9. A solid state device comprising;
a substrate; and
a first layer comprising material recrystallized by the method of claim 1.
10. A solid state device of claim 9 wherein the first layer comprises material recrystallized such that more than 90% of the recrystallized layer has crystal grains of a size greater than 100 microns in any lateral dimension parallel to the substrate surface.
11. A solid state device of claim 9 wherein the first layer comprises material recrystallized such that more than 90% of the recrystallized semiconductor layer has crystal grains of a size greater than 50% of the smallest lateral dimension parallel to the substrate surface.
12. A solid state device of claim 9 wherein the recombination velocity is between about 50 cms and about 500 cmsec.
13. A solid state device of claim 9 operable as a solar cell wherein the recrystallized layer comprises a crystal grain at least 90% of the size of the irradiated area of the solar cell.
14. A solid state device of claim 9 wherein the substrate is chosen from a group consisting of silicon, silicon composite with graphite, glass, ceramic, carbon, and a material coated with SiO2 or SiC.
15. A solid state device of claim 9 further comprising a barrier layer between the substrate and the first layer.