1. A process for the production of coated paper, comprising:
initially coating a base paper or precoated paper with a first layer of a composition consisting of at least one polymer or copolymer which contains at least one N-vinylcarboxamide in the form of polymerized units or said polymer or copolymer combined with an activator; and
coating the first layer coated paper with a paper slip coating composition that contains an optical brightener component, thereby producing an at least two layer coated paper product having an optical brightness that is enhanced because of the presence of the coated composition of said first layer.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating slip composition contains at least one pigment.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein said N-vinylcarboxamide is N-vinylformamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinylpropionamide, N-vinylbutyramide, N-vinylisobutyramide, N-vinyl-2-ethylhexanamide, N-vinyldecanamide, N-vinyldodecanamide, N-vinylstearamide, N-methyl-N-vinylformamide, N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide, N-methyl-N-vinylpropionamide, N-methyl-N-vinylbutyramide, N-methyl-N-vinylisobutyramide, N-methyl-N-vinyl-2-ethylhexanamide, N-methyl-N-vinyldecanamide, N-methyl-N-vinyldodecanamide, N-methyl-N-vinylstearamide, N-ethyl-N-vinylformamide, N-ethyl-N-vinylacetamide, N-ethyl-N-vinylpropionamide, N-ethyl-N-vinylbutyramide, N-ethyl-N-vinylisobutyramide, N-ethyl-N-vinyl-2-ethylhexanamide, N-ethyl-N-vinyldecanamide, N-ethyl-N-vinyldodecanamide, N-ethyl-N-vinylstearamide, N-isopropyl-N-vinylformamide, N-isopropyl-N-vinylpropionamide, N-isopropyl-N-vinylacetamide, N-isopropyl-N-vinylbutyramide, N-isopropyl-N-vinylisobutyramide, N-isopropyl-N-vinyl-2-ethylhexanamide, N-isopropyl-N-vinyldecanamide, N-isopropyl-N-vinyldodecanamide, N-isopropyl-N-vinylstearamide, N-n-butyl-N-vinylformamide, N-n-butyl-N-vinylacetamide, N-n-butyl-N-vinyipropionamide, N-n-butyl-N-vinylbutyramide, N-n-butyl-N-vinylisobutyramide, N-n-butyl-N-vinyl-2-ethylhexanamide, N-n-butyl-N-vinyldecanamide, N-n-butyl-N-vinyldodecanamide, N-n-butyl-N-vinylstearamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone or N-vinylcaprolactam.
4. The process as claimed in claim 3, wherein said N-vinylcarboxamide is N-vinylformamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-methyl-N-vinylformamide, N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone or N-vinylcaprolactam.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the N-vinylcarboxamide units in the copolymer or polymer which contains the N-vinylcarboxamide is partially cleaved.
6. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precoating of a paper is formed from a composition that contains a polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, an anionic or nonionic degraded starch, casein, soybean protein, a water-soluble styreneacrylate copolymer or an acrylate-containing copolymer component.
7. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating slip composition contains an optical brightener which is a (co)polymer that contains polymerized units of at least one N-vinylcarboxamide.
8. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein said substance which enhances the efficiency of optical brighteners is a copolymer prepared by the (co)polymerization of:
(a) from 5 to 100 mol % of at least one N-vinylcarboxamide of the formula:
wherein R1 and R2, independently of one another, are hydrogen or straight-chain or branched C1- to C20-alkyl,
(b) from 0 to 95 mol % of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids of 3 to 8 carbon atoms andor their alkali metal and ammonium salts, and optionally
(c) up to 30 mol % of other monoethylenically unsaturated compounds which are copolymerizable with monomers (a) and (b), and optionally
(d) up to 2 mol % of at least one compound that has at least two ethylenically unsaturated non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule, the sum of the monomer components being 100%.
9. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein said substance which enhances the efficiency of optical brighteners is a copolymer prepared by the (co)polymerization of:
(a) from 30 to 100 mol % of N-vinylformamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-methyl-N-vinylformamide, N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam or mixtures thereof,
(b) from 70 to 0 mol % of acrylic acid, (meth)acrylic acid, andor their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or amine salts or mixtures thereof, and
(c) from 0 to 30 mol % of acrylamide, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, N-vinylimidazole or mixtures thereof, the sum of the monomer components being 100%.
10. A coated paper obtained by the process as claimed in claim 1.
11. A process for the production of coated paper, comprising:
initially coating a base paper or precoated paper with a first layer of a composition consisting of a (co)polymer which contains at least one N-vinylcarboxamide of formula (I) in the form of polymerized units or said (co)polymer combined with an activator;
\u2003wherein R1 and R2, independently of one another, are hydrogen or straight-chain or branched C1- to C20-alkyl; and
coating the first layer coated paper with a paper slip coating composition that contains an optical brightener component, thereby producing a coated paper product having an optical brightness that is enhanced because of the presence of the coated composition of said first layer.
12. A process for the production of coated paper, comprising:
initially coating a base paper or precoated paper with a first layer of a composition consisting of at least one polymer or copolymer which contains at least one N-vinylcarboxamide in the form of polymerized units or said polymer or copolymer combined with an activator; and
coating the first layer paper with a paper slip coating composition that contains an optical brightener component and a binder that is selected from the group consisting of casein, starch, soybean protein, carboxymethylcellulose, alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and combinations thereof or a binder that is a dispersion that contains one or more of acrylic acid, acrylates, vinyl acetate and styrene, thereby producing an at least two layer coated paper product that has an optical brightness which is enhanced by the presence of the coated composition of said first layer.
13. A process for the production of coated paper, consisting of:
initially coating a base paper or coated paper with a first layer of a composition consisting of (i) at least one polymer or copolymer which contains at least one N-vinylcarboxamide in the form of polymerized units; and
coating the first layer coated paper with a paper slip coating composition that contains an optical brightener component, thereby producing an at least two layer coated paper product that has an optical brightness which is enhanced by the presence of the coated composition of said first layer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Apparatus for measuring vehicle wheel alignment comprising;
a yoke having a pair of aligned centre pins engageable with a transverse axis in the vehicle,
a collimated beam projector connectable to the yoke and adapted to project its beam at right angles to the axis of the centre pins, and longitudinally of the vehicle with reference to the transverse axis and
a target for the beam so attachable to a wheel of the vehicle that alignment of the wheel can be measured.
2. Apparatus for measuring vehicle wheel alignment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the target is a reflector, having a mirror or the like arranged at right angles to the wheel, that is parallel to the axis of the wheel, for reflecting the beam back to the projector.
3. Apparatus for measuring a vehicle wheel alignment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the projector is provided with a transverse scale.
4. Apparatus for measuring a vehicle wheel alignment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the target includes means for visualising whether the projected beam is passing the parallel with the wheel.
5. Apparatus for measuring a vehicle wheel alignment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the visualisation means comprises a set of scale lines on a plate having abutments adapted to cause the lines to be parallel to the wheel.
6. Apparatus for measuring a vehicle wheel alignment as claimed in claim 5, wherein the plate is clamped to the wheel.
7. Apparatus for measuring a vehicle wheel alignment as claimed in claim 5, wherein the plate is hung on the wheel.
8. Apparatus for measuring a vehicle wheel alignment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yoke is symmetric whereby the projector can be mounted on either side thereof, for projection of the beam along either side of the vehicle, for measurement on either side.
9. Apparatus for measuring a vehicle wheel alignment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the means of connecting the projector onto the yoke is adapted to reverse the direction of projection of the beam for alignment measurement of both a front wheel and a rear wheel.
10. Apparatus for measuring a vehicle alignment substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 of the accompanying drawings.