What is claimed is:
1. A cell plate structure for a fuel cell, comprising:
a porous substrate;
a lower electrode layer formed on the porous substrate;
an upper electrode layer opposed to the lower electrode layer;
a solid electrolyte layer having a layer element placed between the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer and composed of a plurality of divided electrolyte regions; and
a gas impermeable layer correspondingly covering an area where the solid electrolyte layer is absent on the porous substrate or on the lower electrode layer,
wherein the gas impermeable layer separates gas passing inside the porous substrate and gas passing outside the porous substrate.
2. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the gas impermeable layer and an upper surface of the lower electrode layer are located in a substantially coplanar surface.
3. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the gas impermeable layer and an upper surface of the solid electrolyte layer are located in a substantially coplanar surface.
4. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a lower surface of the gas impermeable layer and a lower surface of the solid electrolyte layer are located in a substantially coplanar surface, and an upper surface of the solid electrolyte layer protrudes above the gas impermeable layer.
5. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the porous substrate has an electrically insulating property, and the gas impermeable layer has an electrically conductive property.
6. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the porous substrate has an electrically conductive property, and the gas impermeable layer has at least a layer element facing the solid electrolyte layer and having an electrically insulating property.
7. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein both of the porous substrate and the gas impermeable layer are made of metal.
8. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 7, wherein the gas impermeable layer includes a layer element facing the solid electrolyte layer and having an electrically insulating property such that the gas impermeable layer has a two-layer structure composed of a metallic layer and the electrically insulating layer element.
9. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a multi-layer structure composed of a plurality of layers which have different porosity rates from each other.
10. A cell plate structure for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the porous substrate has a surface layer which serves as a lower electrode layer.
11. A method of manufacturing a cell plate structure for a fuel cell, the method comprising:
preparing a porous substrate;
forming a gas impermeable layer on the porous substrate;
forming a lower electrode layer on the porous substrate at an area where the gas impermeable layer is absent;
forming a solid electrolyte layer to have a plurality of divided electrolyte regions; and
forming an upper electrode layer in opposed relation to the lower electrode layer such that the solid electrolyte layer has a layer element interposed between the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer,
wherein the gas impermeable layer covers an area where the solid electrolyte layer is absent on the porous substrate,
and wherein the gas impermeable layer separates gas passing inside the porous substrate and gas passing outside the porous substrate.
12. A method of manufacturing a cell plate structure for a fuel cell, the method comprising:
preparing a porous substrate;
forming a lower electrode layer on the porous substrate;
forming a gas impermeable layer on the porous substrate at an area where the lower electrode is absent;
forming a solid electrolyte layer to have a plurality of divided electrolyte regions; and
forming an upper electrode layer in opposed relation to the lower electrode layer such that the solid electrolyte layer has a layer element interposed between the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer,
wherein the gas impermeable layer covers an area where the solid electrolyte layer is absent on the lower electrode layer, and
wherein the gas impermeable layer separates gas passing inside the porous substrate and gas passing outside the porous substrate.
13. A method for manufacturing a cell plate structure for a fuel cell according to claim 11, wherein the lower electrode layer is formed by a film forming step which forms a film and a grinding step which grinds a surface of the film formed by the film forming step.
14. A method for manufacturing a cell plate structure for a fuel cell according to claim 12, wherein the lower electrode layer is formed by a film forming step which forms a film and a grinding step which grinds a surface of the film formed by the film forming step.
15. A method for manufacturing a cell plate structure for a fuel cell according to claim 13, wherein the film forming step comprises a plurality of film forming steps each of which forms a film.
16. A method for manufacturing a cell plate structure for a fuel cell according to claim 14, wherein the film forming step comprises a plurality of film forming steps each of which forms a film.
17. A method for manufacturing a cell plate structure for a fuel cell, the method comprising:
preparing a porous substrate;
forming a gas impermeable layer on the porous substrate;
preparing a temporary substrate;
forming a solid electrolyte layer on the temporary substrate to have a plurality of divided electrolyte regions;
laminating the porous substrate, which is formed with the gas impermeable layer, and the solid electrolyte layer, which is formed on the temporary substrate, with respect to one another via a lower electrode layer having an adhesive function such that the lower electrode layer is placed on the porous substrate at an area where the gas impermeable layer is absent;
removing the temporary substrate from the solid electrolyte layer after the porous substrate and the solid electrolyte layer formed on the temporary substrate are laminated to each other via the lower electrode layer; and
forming an upper electrode layer in opposed relation to the lower electrode layer such that the solid electrolyte layer has a layer element interposed between the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer,
wherein the gas impermeable layer covers an area where the solid electrolyte layer is absent on the porous substrate,
and wherein the gas impermeable layer separates gas passing inside the porous substrate and gas passing outside the porous substrate.
18. A solid electrolyte type fuel cell, comprising:
a cell plate structure for a fuel cell; and
a support member supporting the cell plate structure for the fuel cell,
wherein the cell plate structure for the fuel cell has:
a porous substrate;
a lower electrode layer formed on the porous substrate;
an upper electrode layer opposed to the lower electrode layer;
a solid electrolyte layer having a layer element placed between the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer and composed of a plurality of divided electrolyte regions; and
a gas impermeable layer correspondingly covering an area where the solid electrolyte layer is absent on the porous substrate or on the lower electrode layer such that the gas impermeable layer separates gas passing inside the porous substrate and gas passing outside the porous substrate,
and wherein a plurality of cell plate structures, each of which corresponds to the cell plate structure, are laminated with the support member.
19. A cell plate structure for a fuel cell, comprising:
a porous substrate;
a lower electrode layer formed on the porous substrate;
an upper electrode layer opposed to the lower electrode layer;
a solid electrolyte layer having a layer element placed between the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer and composed of a plurality of divided electrolyte regions; and
separating means for separating gas passing inside the porous substrate and gas passing outside the porous substrate, the separating means correspondingly covering an area where the solid electrolyte layer is absent on the porous substrate or on the lower electrode layer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A compound represented by Formula I:
wherein:
R1, R2 and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperazin-1-yl ring, wherein the piperazin-1-yl ring is optionally substituted with one, two or three of the following groups: alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkylenedioxy, carboxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, cyano, acyl, oxo, nitro, amino, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, amidino, phenyl, benzyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, aryloxy, aralikoxy, heteroaryloxy, and heteroaralkoxy;
R3 is a phenyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, tetrazol-5-yl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl or imidazolyl group, which is optionally substituted with a halogen, lower alkoxy, aryl or heteroaryl group;
R4 is halogen;
R5 is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, or lower alkyl; and
R6 and R7 are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, and lower alkyl;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R3 is an 1,3,4thiadiazol-2-yl group which is optionally substituted with a phenyl group.
3. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R3 is 5-phenyl-1,3,4thiadiazol-2-yl.
4. The compound of claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
R4 is chloro; and
R5, R6 and R7 are hydrogen.
5. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R3 is a 1H-imidazol-2-yl group.
6. The compound of claim 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
R4 is chioro; and
R5, R6 and R7 are hydrogen.
7. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R3 is oxazol-2-yl.
8. The compound of claim 7, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
R4 is chloro; and
R5, R6 and R7 are hydrogen.
9. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
R4 is chloro; and
R5, R6 and R7 are hydrogen.
10. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically accepted excipient and a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.