1. Method for preparing strong base phosphates, comprising:
forming a pulp consisting of an aqueous phase, which contains water-soluble calcium phosphate in the form of calcium ions and phosphate ions, and a solid phase which contains impurities,
separating said liquid phase and said solid phase,
in the liquid phase resulting from said separation, displacing the calcium ions by ions of a strong base which results in formation of an aqueous solution of phosphate(s) of said strong base and precipitation of a water-insoluble calcium phosphate, and
isolating the precipitated calcium phosphate from the aqueous solution of strong base phosphate(s),
wherein the step of forming said pulp comprises
mixing phosphate ore and phosphoric acid for etching, in order to obtain a pasty triple superphosphate (TSP) composition, and
adding water to the TSP composition obtained.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein said forming step comprises drying the TSP composition and optionally storing it, between the aforementioned mixing step and the water addition step.
3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the phosphoric acid for etching has a P2O5 content of between 30% and 50% by weight, preferably between 35 and 40% by weight.
4. Method according to claim 3, wherein the pulp of the forming step has a pH of 1.2 to 3.2, preferably 2 to 3, advantageously 2.5.
5. Method according to claim 4, wherein said pulp, the molar ratio CaP is around 0.4 to 0.6.
6. Method according to claim 5, wherein it takes place at ambient pressure and temperature.
7. Method according to claim 6, wherein said strong base ions are sodium ions, potassium ions andor ammonium ions.
8. Method according to claim 7, wherein the water-soluble phosphate is in the form of calcium dihydrogen phosphate (MCP), and in that the water-insoluble calcium phosphate is in the form of calcium monohydrogen phosphate (DCP).
9. Method according to claim 8 wherein during the displacement in the liquid phase resulting from said separation, said liquid phase has a pH of 4.5 to 7.
10. Method according to claim 9 wherein in order to obtain said displacement, Na2CO3 andor NaOH is added to the liquid phase resulting from said separation, in a quantity such that the molar ratio NaP is around 1 to 3.
11. Method according to claim 10, wherein the aqueous solution of strong base has a molar ratio between sodium monohydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate of around 21.
12. Method according to claim 11, wherein the phosphoric acid for etching is phosphoric acid known as WPPA.
13. Method according to claim 4, wherein said pH is 2 to 3.
14. Method according to claim 13, wherein said pH is 2.5.
15. Method according to claim 5, wherein the molar ratio is 0.45.
16. Method according to claim 9, wherein said pH is 5 to 6.5.
17. Method according to claim 16, wherein said pH is 6.
18. Method according to claim 10, wherein said molar ratio is about 1.67.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An instrument comprising:
a handle having a handle distal end and a handle proximal end;
a handle end cap of the handle having a handle end cap distal end and a handle end cap proximal end;
a handle base of the handle having a handle base distal end and a handle base proximal end;
an actuation control mount of the handle having an actuation control mount distal end and an actuation control mount proximal end wherein the actuation control mount distal end is disposed in the handle base and wherein the actuation control mount proximal end is disposed in the handle end cap;
an actuation control of the handle having an actuation control distal end, an actuation control proximal end, an actuation control anterior end, and an actuation control posterior end, the actuation control disposed within the actuation control mount wherein an application of a first force vector directed towards the handle distal end and away from the handle proximal end to the actuation control anterior end is configured to rotate the actuation control in a first direction and wherein an application of a second force vector directed towards the handle proximal end and away from the handle distal end to the actuation control anterior end is configured to rotate the actuation control in a second direction;
an actuation chamber of the actuation control;
a housing tube having a housing tube distal end and a housing tube proximal end, the housing tube having dimensions configured to perform microsurgical procedures; and
an optic fiber having an optic fiber distal end and an optic fiber proximal end, the optic fiber disposed in the housing tube, an inner portion of the handle, and the actuation chamber wherein a geometry of the actuation chamber is configured to prevent a contact between a portion of the actuation control and a portion of the optic fiber and wherein the optic fiber distal end is adjacent to the housing tube distal end.
2. The instrument of claim 1 wherein a rotation of the actuation control in the first direction is configured to curve the optic fiber.
3. The instrument of claim 2 wherein the rotation of the actuation control in the first direction is configured to curve the optic fiber at least 45 degrees relative to the housing tube proximal end.
4. The instrument of claim 2 wherein the rotation of the actuation control in the first direction is configured to curve the housing tube.
5. The instrument of claim 1 wherein a rotation of the actuation control in the first direction is configured to straighten the optic fiber.
6. The instrument of claim 5 wherein the rotation of the actuation control in the first direction is configured to straighten the optic fiber at least 45 degrees relative to the housing tube proximal end.
7. The instrument of claim 5 wherein the rotation of the actuation control in the first direction is configured to straighten the housing tube.
8. The instrument of claim 1 wherein a rotation of the actuation control in the second direction is configured to curve the optic fiber.
9. The instrument of claim 8 wherein the rotation of the actuation control in the second direction is configured to curve the optic fiber at least 45 degrees relative to the housing tube proximal end.
10. The instrument of claim 8 wherein the rotation of the actuation control in the second direction is configured to curve the housing tube.
11. The instrument of claim 1 wherein a rotation of the actuation control in the second direction is configured to straighten the optic fiber.
12. The instrument of claim 11 wherein the rotation of the actuation control in the second direction is configured to straighten the optic fiber at least 45 degrees relative to the housing tube proximal end.
13. The instrument of claim 11 wherein the rotation of the actuation control in the second direction is configured to straighten the housing tube.
14. The instrument of claim 1 further comprising:
an auto-fixing component of the handle.
15. The instrument of claim 14 wherein the auto-fixing component is configured to temporarily fix the actuation control in a first rotational position in the first direction.
16. The instrument of claim 15 wherein temporarily fixing the actuation control in the first rotational position in the first direction is configured to temporarily fix the optic fiber in a first curved position relative to the housing tube proximal end.
17. The instrument of claim 16 wherein the auto-fixing component is configured to temporarily fix the actuation control in a second rotational position in the first direction and wherein temporarily fixing the actuation control in the second rotational position in the first direction is configured to temporarily fix the optic fiber in a second curved position relative to the housing tube proximal end.
18. The instrument of claim 14 wherein the auto-fixing component is configured to temporarily fix the actuation control in a first rotational position in the second direction.
19. The instrument of claim 18 wherein temporarily fixing the actuation control in the first rotational position in the second direction is configured to temporarily fix the optic fiber in a first curved position relative to the housing tube proximal end.
20. The instrument of claim 19 wherein the auto-fixing component is configured to temporarily fix the actuation control in a second rotational position in the second direction and wherein temporarily fixing the actuation control in the second rotational position in the second direction is configured to temporarily fix the optic fiber in a second curved position relative to the housing tube proximal end.