1. A compound of Formula (D:
wherein
E is \u2014COCONR5R6, \u2014COCF2CONR5R6, \u2014COCF2C(O)OR5, \u2014COCOR7, \u2014COCF2R8, \u2014COR9, \u2014COCOOR10, 13 CONR11R12, or \u2014B(OR13)2 where R5, R6, R7, R9, R10, R11, R12 and each R13 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl and R8 is halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl wherein the aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic groups in E are optionally substituted with one, two, or three Ra independently selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, amino, monosubstituted amino, disubstituted amino, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkenyloxycarbonyl, alkynyloxycarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl, acylamino, aminocarbonyl, halo, or cyano and further wherein the aromatic or alicyclic ring in Ra is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, cyano, carboxy, or carboxyalkyl; and optionally, R5 and R6, and R11 and R12 can be combined with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form a five- to seven-membered ring;
R1 is alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl wherein the aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic groups in R1 are optionally substituted with one or two Rb independently selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, amino, monosubstituted amino, disubstituted amino, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, acylamino, aminocarbonyl, halo, or cyano and further wherein the aromatic or alicyclic ring in Rb is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, cyano, carboxy, or carboxyalkyl;
X is \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NR14\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014, or \u2014SO2\u2014;
R3 is alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl wherein the aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic groups in R3 are optionally substituted with one or two Rc independently selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, amino, monosubstituted amino, disubstituted amino, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, acylamino, aminocarbonyl, halo, or cyano and further wherein the aromatic or alicyclic ring in Rc is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, or carboxyalkyl;
Y is \u2014C(O)NH\u2014, \u2014OC(O)NH\u2014, \u2014NR14\u2014C(O)NH\u2014, \u2014NR14\u2014C(O)NH\u2014, or \u2014NR14C(O)O\u2014 where each R14 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl optionally substituted with halo, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monosubstituted amino, disubstituted amino, and aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl optionally substituted by halo and alkyl;
R2 is heteroaryl or \u2014CO-(fused heterocyclyl) ring wherein the heteroaryl and fused heterocyclyl rings are optionally substituted with one, two, three, or four Rd independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylthio, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylcarbonyl, aryl, aralkyl, arylsulfonyl, arylcarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aminosulfonyl, aminocarbonyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, heteroaryloxycarbonyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heterocyclylsulfonyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, heterocyclyloxycarbonyl, amino, monosubstituted amino, or disubstituted amino or when two Rd are on adjacent carbon atoms they together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a four, five or six membered heterocyclyl ring containing one or two heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, or \u2014SO2\u2014 wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one or two alkyl; and further wherein the aromatic or alicyclic ring in Rd is optionally substituted with one, two, or three Re independently selected from alkyl, alkylcarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkoxycarbonylamino, cycloalkylalkyloxycarbonylamino, nitro, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, hydroxyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amino, monosubstituted amino, disubstituted amino, acylamino, or ureido wherein cycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyl in Re are optionally substituted with one, two or three alkyl; and
R4 is:
(i) alkyl provided that Y is \u2014OC(O)NH\u2014, \u2014NR14\u2014C(O)NH\u2014, or \u2014NR14C(O)O\u2014 and when R2 is heteroaryl then at least one of Rd is not hydrogen;
(ii) cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl provided that the heteroaryl and fused heterocyclyl ring in R2 are substituted with at least a heteroaryl ring; or
(iii) alkyl provided that when Y is \u2014C(O)NH\u2014 or \u2014SO2NH\u2014 then the heteroaryl and fused heterocyclyl rings in R2 are substituted with at least a heteroaryl ring;
wherein the aromatic or alicyclic ring in R4 is optionally substituted with one, two, or three Rf independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, cyano, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylcarbonyl, aryl, aralkyl, arylsulfonyl, arylcarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aminosulfonyl, aminocarbonyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, heteroaryloxycarbonyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heterocyclylsulfonyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, heterocyclyloxycarbonyl, monosubstituted amino, or disubstituted amino wherein the aromatic or alicyclic ring in Rf is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, monosubstituted amino, disubstituted amino, or acylamino; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R2 is a group of formula (a):
where:
Rd1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, haloalkoxy or alkylsulfonyl;
Rd and Rd2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, halo, alkoxy, alkylthio, or alkylsulfonyl; or
Rd1 and Rd or Rd1 and Rd2 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form 4, 5, or 6-atom heterocyclyl ring wherein one or two ring atoms are replaced by oxygen or \u2014N\u2014 where the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one or two alkyl;
Rd3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl optionally substituted with halo, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, nitro, alkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylalkylcarbonylamino, alkyloxycarbonylamino, lamino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, or \u2014NHCONRR\u2032 where R is hydrogen or alkyl and R\u2032 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl wherein cycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyl are optionally substituted with one, two or three alkyl.
3. The compound of claim 2 wherein:
Rd1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino;
Rd and Rd2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, halo, alkoxy, alkylthio, or alkylsulfonyl; and Rd3 is a group of formula:
optionally substituted with halo, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, nitro, amkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylalkylcarbonylamino, alkyloxycarbonylaminol amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, or \u2014NHCONRR\u2032 where R is hydrogen or alkyl and R\u2032 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl wherein cycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyl are optionally substituted with one, two or three alkyl.
4. The compound of claim 2 wherein:
Rd1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino;
Rd and Rd2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, halo, alkoxy, alkylthio, or alkylsulfonyl; and Rd3 is a group of formula:
optionally substituted with halo, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, nitro, amkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylalkylcarbonylamino, alkyloxycarbonylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, or \u2014NHCONRR\u2032 where R is hydrogen or alkyl and R\u2032 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl wherein cycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyl are optionally substituted with one, two or three alkyl.
5. The compound of claim 2 wherein:
Rd1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino;
Rd and Rd2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, halo, alkoxy, alkylthio, or alkylsulfonyl; and Rd3 is a group of formula:
optionally substituted with halo, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, nitro, amkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylalkylcarbonylamino, alkyloxycarbonylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, or \u2014NHCONRR\u2032 where R is hydrogen or alkyl and R\u2032 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl wherein cycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyl are optionally substituted with one, two or three alkyl.
6. The compound of any of the claims 2-5 wherein the Rd3 rings are optionally substituted with methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, tert-butyl, 2,2,dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl and cyclohexylmethyl.
7. The compound of any of the claims 2-5 wherein the Rd3 rings are optionally substituted with amino, methylamino, ethylamino, propylamino, 1-methylethylamino, 1,1-dimethylethylamino, 2-methylpropylamino, 1-methylpropylamino, 2,2-dimethylpropylamino, 1,2-dimethylpropylamino, 1,1-dimethylpropylamino, cyclopropylamino, cyclobutylamino, cyclopentylamino, cyclohexylamino, cyclopropylmethylamino, cyclobutylmethylamino, cyclopentylmethylamino, cyclohexylmethylamino, methylcarbonylamino, ethylcarbonylamino, propylcarbonylamino, 1-methylethylcarbonylamino, 1,1-dimethylethylcarbonylamino, 2-methylpropylcarbonylamino, 1-methylpropylcarbonylamino, 2,2-dimethylpropylcarbonylamino, 1,2-dimethylpropylcarbonylamino, 1,1-dimethylpropylcarbonylamino, cyclopropylcarbonylamino, cyclobutylcarbonylamino, cyclopentylcarbonylamino, cyclohexylcarbonylamino, cyclopropylmethylcarbonylamino, cyclobutylmethylcarbonylamino, cyclopentylmethylcarbonylamino, cyclohexylmethylcarbonylamino, methoxycarbonylamino, ethoxycarbonylamino, propoxycarbonylamino, 1-methylethoxycarbonylamino, 1,1-dimethyl-ethoxycarbonylamino, 2-methylpropoxycarbonylamino, 1-methylpropoxycarbonylamino, 2,2-dimethylpropoxycarbonylamino, 1,2-dimethylpropoxylcarbonylamino, or 1,1-dimethylpropoxy-carbonylamino.
8. The compound of claim 1 wherein R2 is a group of formula (b):
where:
Rd1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, haloalkoxy or alkylsulfonyl;
Rd and Rd2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, halo, alkoxy, alkylthio, or alkylsulfonyl; or
Rd1 and Rd or Rd1 and Rd2 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form 4, 5, or 6-atom heterocyclyl ring wherein one or two ring atoms are replaced by oxygen or \u2014N\u2014 where the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one or two alkyl;
Rd3 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl.
9. The compound of claim 8 wherein Rd1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino; Rd and Rd2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, halo, alkoxy, alkylthio, or alkylsulfonyl; and Rd3 is a hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl.
10. The compound of claim 8 wherein Rd1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, iso-propoxy, methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, methylethylamino, methyl(n-propyl)amino or methyl(isopropyl)amino; Rd and Rd2 are independently, fluoro, chloro, methyl, ethynyl, methoxy, ethoxy, thiomethyl or methylsulfonyl.
11. The compound of claim 8 wherein Rd1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, methoxy, or ethoxy; Rd and Rd2 are independently, hydrogen, fluoro, chloro or methyl.
12. The compound of claim 8 wherein Rd1 is methoxy or ethoxy; and Rd, Rd2 and Rd3 are each hydrogen.
13. The compound of any of the claims 1-12 wherein X is \u2014O\u2014; R1 is alkyl or cycloalkylalkyl; and R3 is 1-methylethyl, 1-methylpropyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl, or cyclohexyl.
14. The compound of any of the claims 1-12 wherein X is \u2014O\u2014; R1 is cyclobutylmethyl, ethyl, or n-propyl; and R3 is tert-butyl or cyclohexyl.
15. The compound of any of the claims 1-14 wherein E is \u2014COCONHR6 where R6 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, or heteroaralkyl wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or two halo.
16. The compound of any of the claims 1-14 wherein E is \u2014COCONHR6 where R6 is cyclopropyl.
17. The compound of any of the claims 1-16 wherein Y is \u2014NHC(O)NH\u2014 and
R4 is alkyl.
18. The compound of any of the claims 1-16 wherein Y is \u2014OC(O)NH\u2014 and R4 is alkyl.
19. The compound of any of the claims 1-16 wherein Y is \u2014C(O)NH\u2014 and R4 is alkyl.
20. A compound having the structure:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
21. A compound having the structure:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
22. A diastereomeric mixture of compounds represented by the structure:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
23. A compound selected from the group consisting of:
1-2S-(3-tert-butylureido)-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-4R-(7-methoxy-2-pyrazol-1-yl-quinolin-4-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (1S-cyclopropylaminooxalylbutyl)amide;
1-2S-(3-tert-butylureido)-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-4R-(7-methoxy-2-pyrazol-1-yl quinolin-4-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1S-cyclobutylmethyl-2-cyclopropylcarbamoyl-2-oxoethyl)amide;
1-2S-(3-tert-butylureido)-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-4R-(5-chloropyridin-2-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (1S-cyclobutylmethyl-2-cyclopropylcarbamoyl-2-oxoethyl)-amide;
{1S-2S-(1S-cyclopropylaminooxalylbutylcarbamoyl)-4R-(7-methoxy-2-pyrazol-1-yl-quinolin-4-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester;
{1S-2S-(1S-cyclopropylaminooxalylbutylcarbamoyl)-4R-(7-methoxy-2-pyrazol-1-yl-quinolin-4-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester;
{1S-4R-(5-chloropyridin-2-yloxy)-2S-(1S-cyclopropylaminooxalylbutyl-carbamoyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-propyl}-carbamic acid tent-butyl ester;
{1S-4R-(5-chloropyridin-2-yloxy)-2S-(1S-cyclobutylmethyl-2-cyclopropylcarbamoyl-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-propyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester;
1-2-(3-tert-butylureido)-3,3-dimethyl-butyryl-4-(5-chloro-pyridin-2-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1-cyclopropylaminooxalyl-butyl)-amide;
1-2S-(3-tert-Butyl-ureido)-3,3-dimethyl-butyryl-4R-(6-methoxy-isoquinolin-1-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (1S-cyclopropylaminooxalyl-butyl)-amide;
1-2S-(3-tert-Butyl-ureido)-3,3-dimethyl-butyryl-4R-(6-methoxy-isoquinolin-1-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (2-cyclopropylcarbamoyl-1S-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
1-2S-(3-tert-Butyl-ureido)-3,3-dimethyl-butyryl-4R-(6-ethoxy-isoquinolin-1-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (2-cyclopropylcarbamoyl-1S-cyclopropylmethyl-2S-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
1-2S-(3-tert-Butyl-ureido)-3,3-dimethyl-butyryl-4R-(6-ethoxy-isoquinolin-1-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (1S-cyclopropylaminooxalyl-butyl)-amide;
1-2S-(3-tert-Butyl-ureido)-3,3-dimethyl-butyryl-4R-(6-methoxy-isoquinolin-1-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (1S-cyclopropylaminooxalyl-pentyl)-amide;
(S)-1-2-(3-tert-Butylureido)-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-4-trans-(2-cyclopropyl-7-methoxyquinolin-4-yloxy)pyrrolidine-2-(S)-carboxylic acid (1-cyclopropylaminooxalyl-butyl)amide Hydrochloride; and
1-2-(3-tert-Butyl-ureido)-3,3-dimethyl-butyryl-4-(7-methoxy-2-methylquinolin-4-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1-cyclopropylaminooxalylbutyl-amide.
24. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any of the claims 1-23 and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
25. A method of treating hepatitis C infections in a patient comprising administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any of the claims 1-23 and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
26. The compound of claim 5 which is 1-2S-(3-tert-butylureido)-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-4R-(7-methoxy-2-pyrazol-1-yl-quinolin-4-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (1-cyclopropylaminooxalylbutyl)amide and any diastereoisomers or mixture of diastereoisomers thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable sulfate or sulfonate salt thereof.
27. The compound of claim 1 which is 1-2S-(3-tert-butylureido)-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-4R-(7-methoxy-2-pyrazol-1-yl-quinolin-4-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (1S-cyclopropylaminooxalylbutyl)amide; or the sulfate or methylsulfonate salt thereof.
28. The compound of claim 1 which is 1-2S-(3-tert-butylureido)-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-4R-(7-methoxy-2-pyrazol-1-yl-quinolin-4-yloxy)-pyrrolidine-2S-carboxylic acid (1R-cyclopropylaminooxalylbutyl)amide; or the sulfate or methylsulfonate salt thereof.
29. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24, further comprising a second antiviral agent.
30. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, wherein said second antiviral agent is Ribavirin or a polymerase inhibitor.
31. A method of treating HCV infections in a patient, comprising administering to said patient a compound of any of claims 1-23 and a second antiviral agent selected from the group consisting of interferon, pegylated or unpegylated congeners of interferon, Ribavirin, a HCV polymerase inhibitor and a toll receptor agonist.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
abstracting call signatures for two or more APIs to provide an abstracted API;
processing the abstracted API to encode a genome string;
initializing the genome string with values;
calling the two or more APIs using initialized values effective to produce API outputs;
analyzing the API outputs using a fitness function;
selecting, responsive to said analyzing, a sub-group of chromosomes that produced the API outputs;
breeding the subgroup of chromosomes to produce children chromosomes having their own particular values; and
calling the two or more APIs using values associated with the children chromosomes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fitness function is configured to look for closeness of values in the API outputs.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the fitness function is configured to look for divergence of values in the API outputs.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said breeding comprises crossover processing.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said breeding comprises mutation processing.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said breeding comprises crossover processing and mutation processing.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising, after calling the two or more APIs using values associated with the child chromosomes, repeating said analyzing, selecting, breeding, and calling the two or more APIs using values associated with subsequently bred chromosomes.
8. One or more computer-readable storage memory embodying instructions which, when executed, implement a method comprising:
abstracting call signatures for two or more graphics APIs to provide an abstracted API;
processing the abstracted API to encode a genome string;
initializing the genome string with values;
calling the two or more graphics APIs using initialized values effective to produce API outputs;
analyzing the API outputs using a fitness function;
selecting, responsive to said analyzing, a sub-group of chromosomes that produced the API outputs;
breeding the subgroup of chromosomes to produce children chromosomes having their own particular values; and
calling the two or more graphics APIs using values associated with the children chromosomes.
9. The one or more computer-readable storage memory of claim 8, wherein the fitness function is configured to look for closeness of values in the API outputs.
10. The one or more computer-readable storage memory of claim 8, wherein the fitness function is configured to look for divergence of values in the API outputs.
11. The one or more computer-readable storage memory of claim 8, wherein said breeding comprises crossover processing.
12. The one or more computer-readable storage memory of claim 8, wherein said breeding comprises one or more of mutation processing or crossover processing.
13. The one or more computer-readable storage memory of claim 8, wherein said fitness function comprises a Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) index.
14. The one or more computer-readable storage memory of claim 8 further comprising, after calling the two or more APIs using values associated with the children chromosomes, repeating said analyzing, selecting, breeding, and calling the two or more graphics APIs using values associated with subsequently bred chromosomes.
15. A system comprising;
one or more processors;
one or more computer-readable storage media storing instructions which, when executed, perform operations comprising:
abstracting call signatures for two or more APIs to provide an abstracted API;
processing the abstracted API to encode a genome string;
initializing the genome string with values;
calling the two or more APIs using initialized values effective to produce API outputs;
analyzing the API outputs using a fitness function;
selecting, responsive to said analyzing, a sub-group of chromosomes that produced the API outputs;
breeding the subgroup of chromosomes to produce children chromosomes having their own particular values; and
calling the two or more APIs using values associated with the children chromosomes.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the fitness function is configured to look for closeness of values in the API outputs.
17. The system of claim 15, wherein the fitness function is configured to look for divergence of values in the API outputs.
18. The system of claim 15, wherein said breeding comprises crossover processing.
19. The system of claim 15; wherein said breeding comprises mutation processing.
20. The system of claim 15, wherein said breeding comprises crossover processing and mutation processing.
21. The system of claim 15 further comprising, after calling the two or more APIs using values associated with the child chromosomes, repeating said analyzing, selecting, breeding, and calling the two or more APIs using values associated with subsequently bred chromosomes.