1. An intervertebral prosthesis system for implanting an intervertebral prosthesis within a disc space and disposed between upper and lower vertebral endplates, the prosthesis system comprising:
a plurality of prosthesis components comprising a first component with a pear-shaped cross-sectional configuration and a second component with a hemispherical shaped configuration, the pear-shaped cross-sectional configuration of the first component being formed by a substantially triangular-shaped first portion having an arcuate upper surface, said first portion abutting a circular second portion including a planar upper surface, the upper surface of the second portion being recessed relative to the upper surface of the first portion such that a lower surface of the second component engages the upper surface of the second portion of the first component without engaging the arcuate upper surface of the first portion of the first component, the plurality of components being insertable into the disc space, wherein:
the components have surfaces configured to engage within the disc space in a manner such that the components form an assembled prosthesis of a size substantially preventing it from being outwardly expelled from the disc space through an opening in the disc space;
the components have bearing surfaces slidably engageable with the endplates to permit articulation between upper and lower vertebral endplates; and
the components each have an insertion rod attached to the component for inserting the respective component to which the insertion rod is attached into the disc space.
2. The intervertebral prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein a first insertion rod of the first component has a slot in which at least a second insertion rod of the second component can be inserted and used to guide the at least second component into the disc space.
3. The intervertebral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein each of the insertion rods are configured such that each can be detached from their respective components.
4. The intervertebral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first component comprises a slot and the second component comprises an insertion rod that fits in the slot.
5. The intervertebral prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis is configured such that in its final shape, it has a lower surface that is relatively flat.
6. The intervertebral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis is configured such that in its final shape, it is shaped like half a pear after a whole pear is cut along a longitudinal axis of the whole pear.
7. The intervertebral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis is configured such that in its final shape, the plurality of components are locked together with a locking mechanism.
8. The intervertebral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein when the prosthesis is in its final shape, the plurality of components are locked together with a locking mechanism.
9. The intervertebral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein an interface between the first and second portion defines a lip, and an exterior surface of the second component engages the lip to fix the position of the second component relative to the first component.
10. The intervertebral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein a first insertion rod of the first component has a slot in which at least a second insertion rod of the second component can be inserted and used to guide the at least second component into the disc space, a first end of the second insertion rod comprises a protrusion extending transversely therefrom configured for disposal in a first end of the first insertion rod to prevent the first insertion rod from moving relative to the second insertion rod.
11. A method of implanting an intervertebral prosthesis within a disc space between upper and lower vertebral endplates, the method comprising:
providing an intervertebral prosthesis system for implanting an intervertebral prosthesis within a disc space and disposed between upper and lower vertebral endplates, the prosthesis system comprising:
a plurality of prosthesis components comprising a first component with a pear-shaped cross-sectional configuration and a second component with a hemispherical shaped configuration, the pear-shaped cross-sectional configuration of the first component being formed by a substantially triangular-shaped first portion having an arcuate upper surface, said first portion abutting a circular second portion including a planar upper surface, the upper surface of the second portion being recessed relative to the upper surface of the first portion such that a lower surface of the second component engages the upper surface of the second portion of the first component without engaging the arcuate upper surface of the first portion of the first component, the plurality of components being insertable into the disc space, wherein:
the components have surfaces configured to engage within the disc space in a manner such that the components form an assembled prosthesis of a size substantially preventing it from being outwardly expelled from the disc space through an opening in the disc space;
the components have bearing surfaces slidably engageable with the endplates to permit articulation between upper and lower vertebral endplates; and
the components each have an insertion rod attached to the component for inserting the respective component to which the insertion rod is attached into the disc space;
using the insertion rod of the first component to insert the first component through an incision in an annular wall and into the disc space;
using the insertion rod of the second component to insert the second component through the incision in the annular wall and into the disc space; and
after the first component and second component are in their respective final positions in the disc space, detaching the first and second insertion rods from their respective components.
12. The method of implanting an intervertebral prosthesis of claim 11, wherein prior to insertion through the annular wall and into the disc space, the method further comprises rotating at least one of the components approximately 90 degrees so that the at least one component is inserted through the incision and into the disc space in a vertical position.
13. The method of implanting an intervertebral prosthesis of claim 11, wherein the insertion rod of the first component has a slot and the insertion rod of the second component fits in the slot to enable the second component to cooperate with the first component and be guided into proper location in the disc space.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A magnetic toner comprising magnetic toner particles containing at least a binder resin and magnetic material particles each containing a titanium compound, wherein:
I) a ratio A mass % of a mass of moisture adsorbed to the magnetic material particles to a total mass of the magnetic material particles at a temperature of 28\xb0 C. and at a relative vapor pressure of 50% is 0.25 to 0.80 mass %;
II) a difference at an arbitrary relative vapor pressure between a mass of moisture adsorbed to the magnetic material particles in an adsorbing process for increasing a relative vapor pressure at a temperature of 28\xb0 C. and a mass of moisture adsorbed to the magnetic material particles in a desorbing process for reducing a relative vapor pressure at the same temperature is 0.10 mass % or less based on the total mass of the magnetic material particles; and
III) a ratio B mass % of a mass of the titanium compound in TiO2 equivalent to the total mass of the magnetic material particles is 0.1 to 10.0 mass %.
2. The magnetic toner according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic material particles have an isoelectric point of pH 4.1 to 8.0.
3. The magnetic toner according to claim 1, wherein the ratio A mass % and the ratio B mass % satisfy the following equation (1).
0.50\u2267AB\u22670.05\u2003\u2003(1)
4. The magnetic toner according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic material particles have an average particle size of 0.08 \u03bcm to 0.25 \u03bcm.
5. The magnetic toner according to claim 1, wherein when the magnetic material particles are subjected to a heat treatment at 160\xb0 C. for 1 hour in air, a ratio of an Fe2+ content in the magnetic material particles after the heat treatment to an Fe2+ content in the magnetic material particles before the heat treatment is 60% or more.
6. The magnetic toner according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin has an acid value of 1 mgKOHg to 50 mgKOHg.
7. The magnetic toner according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin has at least a polyester unit.