1. A compound of Formula XI:
wherein:
K1, K2 and K4 are hetero atoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, Se, Te, and CH;
K3 is N;
S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, and S14 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl;
and wherein from one to four of S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, and S14 may optionally be independently selected linking groups Q, wherein said linking groups Q are of the formula:
wherein:
n is from 0 to 10;
R3 may be present or absent;
R1, R2, and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of ethene, ethyne, aryl, and heteroaryl groups, which aryl and heteroaryl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted one or more times with H, aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl;
Y is a protected or unprotected reactive substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, thio, seleno, telluro, ester, carboxylic acid, boronic acid, phenol, silane, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, alkyithiol, formyl, halo, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkyl phosphonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl carboxylate, and alkyl boronate groups; and
Z is selected from the group consisting of halo, alkoxy, and acyloxy.
2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein S1 and S5 are independently selected trans-substituted linking groups Q.
3. The compound according to claim 1, wherein S2 and S6 are independently selected trans-substituted linking groups Q.
4. The compound according to claim 1, wherein K1, and K2, and K4 are independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, and CH.
5. The compound according to claim 1, wherein K1, K2 and K4 are all N.
6. The compound according to claim 1, wherein S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, and S14 are all alkyl.
7. The compound of claim 1 having the formula 7a:
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computed tomography apparatus for imaging an object, the computed tomography apparatus comprising:
an imaging region for receiving the object to be imaged,
a radiation source for generating modulated radiation traversing the object in the imaging region,
a detector for generating detection values depending on the radiation after having traversed the object,
a moving unit for moving the radiation source and the object relative to each other, while generating the detection values, for generating detection values depending on radiation having traversed the object in different directions,
a weight providing unit for providing modulation weights for weighting the detection values depending on the modulation of the radiation,
a reconstruction unit for reconstructing an image of the object, wherein the reconstruction unit is adapted to weight the detection values based on the provided modulation weights and to reconstruct the image of the object from the weighted detection values.
2. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the computed tomography apparatus comprises an object table on which the object is to be located, wherein the moving unit is adapted to rotate the radiation source around the object table and wherein the radiation source is adapted such that the intensity of the radiation is lower above the object table than below the object table.
3. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the weight providing unit is adapted to determine a noise variance of a detection value and to provide the modulation weight for the detection value depending on the inverse noise variance.
4. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the radiation source is adapted to modulate the intensity of the generated radiation, wherein the weight providing unit is adapted to determine a modulation weight for a detection value depending on the modulated intensity of the generated radiation.
5. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the radiation source is adapted to generate the modulated radiation such that the modulated radiation is conical and wherein the weight providing unit is further adapted to provide coneweights for weighting the detection values depending on a cone angle of the radiation on which the respective detection values depend.
6. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the radiation source is adapted to generate the modulated radiation such that the modulated radiation is divergent, wherein the computed tomography apparatus further comprises a rebinning unit for rebinning the detection values being generated depending on the divergent radiation thereby forming rebinned projections, wherein the weight providing unit is adapted to:
determine intermediate modulation weights for at least a part of the detection values of a rebinned projection, wherein the intermediate modulation weights depend on the modulation of the radiation,
determine for the rebinned projection a mean modulation weight being an average of the intermediate modulation weights for the at least a part of the rebinned detection values of the rebinned projection, wherein the mean modulation weight is the provided modulation weight for the detection values of the rebinned projection.
7. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein the moving unit is adapted to rotate the radiation source and the imaging region relative to each other around a rotational axis, while generating the detection values, wherein the at least a part of the rebinned detection values of the rebinned projection are rebinned detection values arranged along a line being perpendicular to the rotational axis.
8. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein the computed tomography apparatus further comprises a region of interest selection unit for selecting a region of interest to be reconstructed, wherein the at least a part of the rebinned detection values is a part of the rebinned detection values which has been generated depending on radiation having traversed the selected region of interest.
9. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein the weight providing unit is further adapted to determine the mean modulation weight by weightedly averaging the intermediate modulation weights for the at least a part of the rebinned detection values, wherein the intermediate modulation weights are weighted during averaging such that intermediate modulation weights of rebinned detection values which depend on radiation having traversed the region of interest more centrally receive a larger weight than intermediate modulation weights of rebinned detection values which depend on radiation having traversed the region of interest more peripherally.
10. The computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 8, wherein the weight providing unit is further adapted to determine the mean modulation weight by weightedly averaging the intermediate modulation weights of the at least a part of the rebinned detection values, wherein the intermediate modulation weights are weighted during averaging depending on the size of an intersection region of the region of interest and the radiation on which the respective rebinned detection value depends.
11. An imaging apparatus for generating an image of an object, the imaging apparatus being adapted to process detection values generated by an acquisition unit comprising:
an imaging region for receiving the object to be imaged,
a radiation source for generating modulated radiation traversing the object in the imaging region,
a detector for generating detection values depending on the radiation after having traversed the object,
a moving unit for moving the radiation source and the object relative to each other, while generating the detection values, for generating detection values depending on radiation having traversed the object in different directions, wherein the imaging apparatus comprises:
a weight providing unit for providing modulation weights for weighting the detection values depending on the modulation of the radiation,
a reconstruction unit for reconstructing an image of the object, wherein the reconstruction unit is adapted to weight the detection values based on the provided modulation weights and to reconstruct the image of the object from the weighted detection values.
12. A computed tomography method for imaging an object, the computed tomography method comprising following steps:
generating modulated radiation traversing an object in an imaging region by a radiation source,
generating detection values depending on the radiation after having traversed the object by a detector,
moving the radiation source and the object relative to each other, while generating the detection values, for generating detection values depending on radiation having traversed the object in different directions by a moving unit,
providing weights for the detection values depending on the modulation of the radiation by a weight providing unit,
weighting the detection values based on the provided modulation weights by a reconstruction unit,
reconstructing an image of the object from the weight detection values by the reconstruction unit.
13. An imaging method for generating an image of an object, the imaging method being adapted to process detection values generated by an acquisition unit comprising:
an imaging region for receiving the object to be imaged,
a radiation source for generating modulated radiation traversing the object in the imaging region,
a detector for generating detection values depending on the radiation after having traversed the object,
a moving unit for moving the radiation source and the object relative to each other, while generating the detection values, for generating detection values depending on radiation having traversed the object in different directions, wherein the imaging method comprises following steps:
providing weights for the detection values depending on the modulation of the radiation by a weight providing unit,
weighting the detection values based on the provided modulation weights by a reconstruction unit,
reconstructing an image of the object from the weight detection values by the reconstruction unit.
14. A computed tomography computer program, the computed tomography computer program comprising program code means for causing a computed tomography apparatus as defined in claim 1 to carry out the steps of the computed tomography method, when the computed tomography computer program is run on a computer controlling the computed tomography apparatus.
15. An imaging computer program, the imaging computer program comprising program code means for causing an imaging apparatus as defined in claim 11 to carry out the steps of the imaging method, when the imaging computer program is run on a computer controlling the imaging apparatus.