1. A method for analyzing a nucleic acid, comprising:
(a) providing a first allele specific primer and a second allele specific primer, each of the first allele specific primer and the second allele specific primer comprising a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele-hybridizable sequence, and at least one of the first allele specific primer and the second allele specific primer comprises a nucleotide alteration;
(b) providing a nucleic acid comprising a 3\u2032 end and a SNP base located within 1-20 bases of the 3\u2032 end;
(c) hybridizing at least one of the first allele specific primer and the second allele specific primer to the nucleic acid to form a hybridized nucleic acid;
(d) amplifying the hybridized nucleic acid using pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization PCR to produce amplicons;
(e) generating a melting curve by melting the amplicons; and
(f) analyzing the nucleic acid based on the melting curve.
2. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising determining a melting temperature of the amplicons and genotyping the nucleic acid based on the melting temperature.
3. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising determining a slope of the melting curve and genotyping the nucleic acid based on the slope.
4. A method as recited in claim 3, further comprising determining a melting temperature of the amplicons, wherein the genotyping is also based on the melting temperature.
5. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising determining a shape of the melting curve and genotyping the nucleic acid based on the shape.
6. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the amplifying is performed using a pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization PCR enzyme.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the first allele specific primer and the second allele specific primer comprises a tail comprising one or more nucleotides.
8. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the nucleotide alteration comprises a tail comprising the sequence GC on at least one of the first allele specific primer and the second allele specific primer.
9. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the nucleotide alteration comprises a tail comprising the sequence AT on at least one of the first allele specific primer and the second allele specific primer.
10. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the amplifying comprises using a PCR thermocycler.
11. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid is double-stranded and comprises up to 60 base pairs.
12. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid is double-stranded and comprises up to 1000 base pairs.
13. A kit for high resolution melt genotyping, the kit comprising:
(a) a locus specific primer;
(b) one or more allele specific primers each comprising at least one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele-hybridizable sequence, wherein at least one of the one or more allele specific primers comprises a nucleotide alteration; and
(c) a pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enzyme.
14. The kit of claim 13, wherein the one or more allele specific primers comprises two different allele specific primers.
15. A reaction mixture for high resolution melt genotyping, comprising:
(a) a locus specific primer;
(b) one or more allele specific primers each comprising at least one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele-hybridizable sequence, wherein at least one of the one or more allele specific primers comprises a nucleotide alteration; and
(c) a pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enzyme.
16. The reaction mixture as recited in claim 15, further comprising a nucleic acid comprising a 3\u2032 end and a single nucleotide polymorphism base located within 1 to 20 bases of the 3\u2032 end.
17. The reaction mixture of claim 15, wherein the one or more allele specific primers comprises two different allele specific primers.
18-25. (canceled)
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for encoding video data, the method comprising:
classifying each macroblock of at least one original reference picture; and
selecting, based on the classification, at least one quantization parameter for each macroblock of the at least one original reference picture.
2. The method according to claim 1 further comprising encoding a plurality of pictures in parallel.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the classification is based on the content of the macroblock.
4. A system for encoding video data, the system comprising:
an engine for classifying each macroblock of at least one original reference picture; and
a quantizer for quantizing the macroblock with a quantization parameter, wherein the quantization parameters is determined at least in part based on the classification of each macroblock.
5. The system according to claim 4 further comprising the at least one encoder for encoding a plurality of pictures in parallel.
6. The system according to claim 4 wherein the classification is based on the content of the macroblock.
7. A machine-readable storage having stored thereon, a computer program having at least one code section encoding video data, the at least one code section being executable by a machine for causing the machine to perform steps comprising:
classifying each macroblock of at least one original reference picture; and
selecting, based on the classification, a quantization parameter for each macroblock of the at least one original reference picture.
8. The machine-readable storage according to claim 9 further comprising code for encoding a plurality of pictures in parallel.
9. The machine-readable storage according to claim 9 wherein the classification is based on the content of the macroblock.