1. A receptacle comprising a cardboard box in which is arranged a plastics container, wherein a first securement element associated with the plastics container is positioned in a gap defined by the cardboard of the box thereby to restrict movement of the container within the box;
wherein said gap is defined, at least in part, between a first flap, a second flap and a third flap of the box, wherein said first flap and said first securement element make face to face contact, with said first flap overlying said first securement element;
wherein said second flap is positioned underneath the first securement element and a lower face of the first securement element makes face to face contact with an upper face of the second flap;
wherein said third flap extends substantially parallel to said second flap and said third flap is positioned underneath the first securement element, wherein a lower face of the first securement element makes face to face contact with an upper face of the third flap;
wherein said cardboard box includes a fourth flap which extends parallel to the first flap, wherein the fourth flap does not contact the first securement element and wherein the fourth flap overlies the second and third flaps.
2. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein said first securement element is elongate and the width of the first securement element, measured in a direction perpendicular to the elongate extent thereof, is less than 25% of the length of the first securement element measured in the direction of the elongate extent.
3. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein said first securement element is an integral part of said plastics container and is positioned outside a part of said container which contains fluid in use.
4. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein said first securement element defines an elongate male element which is positioned in said gap and extends at least 50% along the length of a first side of the container.
5. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein said first securement element has a maximum thickness in the range 1 to 4 mm, a maximum length in the range 15 to 50 cm and a maximum width in the range 20 to 50 mm.
6. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein said first flap is pivotable between open and closed positions during opening andor closing andor assembly of the box.
7. A receptacle according to claim 6, wherein said second flap is pivotable between open and closed positions during opening andor closing andor assembly of the box.
8. A receptacle according to claim 7, wherein said third flap is pivotable between open and closed positions during opening andor closing andor assembly of the box.
9. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein a second securement element is associated with said plastics container and is positioned in a second gap defined by the cardboard of the box thereby to provide a further means in addition to said first securement element of restricting movement of the container within the box, wherein said second securement element is spaced from said first securement element, said first and second securement elements extend substantially parallel to one another and said first and second securement elements are diagonally opposite one another.
10. A receptacle according to claim 9, wherein said second securement element is positioned outside a part of said container which contains fluid in the use, is a component of a unitary moulding which includes at least a part of said container which contains fluid in use and has a maximum thickness in the range 1 to 4 mm, a maximum length in the range 15 to 50 cm; and a maximum width in the range 20 to 50 mm.
11. A receptacle according to claim 9, wherein said second gap is defined, at least in part, by a fifth flap of the box, wherein said fifth flap is pivotable between open and closed positions during opening andor closing andor assembly of the box, wherein said fifth flap and said second securement element make face to face contact; and
said second gap is defined, at least in part, between said fifth flap and a sixth flap of the box, wherein said sixth flap is pivotable between open and closed positions during opening andor closing andor assembly of the box; and
said second gap is defined, at least in part, between said fifth flap, said sixth flap, and a seventh flap of the box, wherein said seventh flap is pivotable between open and closed positions during opening andor closing andor assembly of the box, wherein the second securement element is positioned between andor makes face to face contact with said fifth flap, said sixth flap and said seventh flap.
12. A receptacle according to claim 9, wherein tape is applied to the cardboard box to facilitate retention of the first and second securement elements in said respective gaps.
13. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein said plastics container is not self-supporting andor is collapsible.
14. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein said plastics container contains a liquid formulation which includes a colourant, wherein said liquid formulation is for addition to a plastics material in the manufacture of a plastics part, wherein said liquid formulation has a viscosity, measured using a Brookfield Viscometer at 2 rpm and 23\xb0 C., of greater than 100 cP.
15. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein a second securement element is associated with said plastics container and is positioned in a second gap defined by the cardboard of the box thereby to provide a further means in addition to said first securement element of restricting movement of the container within the box, wherein said first and second securement elements extend substantially parallel to one another and are diagonally opposite one another.
16. A receptacle according to claim 15, wherein said second gap is defined, at least in part, by a fifth flap of the box, wherein said fifth flap is pivotable between open and closed positions during opening andor closing andor assembly of the box; and wherein said second gap is defined, at least in part, between said fifth flap and a sixth flap of the box, wherein said sixth flap is pivotable between open and closed positions during opening andor closing andor assembly of the box and wherein said box includes an eighth flap which extends parallel to the fifth flap andor is pivotable about an axis defined on an opposite side of the box to that of the fifth flap.
17. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the maximum width of the first flap to the maximum width of said first securement element is in the range 1.5 to 5.
18. A receptacle according to claim 1, wherein said plastics container includes a first opening for passage of liquid from the container, wherein said first opening has a circular cross-section and is provided with a closure which is releasably securable for closing the opening.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A bend-insensitive optical fiber, comprising:
a single-mode glass fiber comprising (i) a central core surrounded by an outer optical cladding, the central core having a radius r1 and a positive refractive index difference \u0394n1 with the outer optical cladding; (ii) an intermediate cladding positioned between the central core and the outer optical cladding, the intermediate cladding having a radius r2 and a refractive index difference \u0394n2 with the outer optical cladding, wherein the refractive index difference \u0394n2 is less than the refractive index difference \u0394n1; and (iii) a depressed trench positioned between the intermediate cladding and the outer optical cladding, the depressed trench having a radius r3 and a negative refractive index difference \u0394n3 with the outer optical cladding; and
a substantially cured primary coating surrounding the single-mode glass fiber, the substantially cured primary coating possessing (i) an in situ modulus of less than about 0.65 MPa and (ii) a glass transition temperature of less than about \u221250\xb0 C.;
wherein, at a wavelength of 1310 nanometers, the optical fiber has a nominal mode field diameter (MFD) between 8.6 microns and 9.5 microns;
wherein, at a wavelength of 1550 nanometers, the optical fiber has bending losses less than 0.15 dBturn for a radius of curvature of 5 millimeters; and
wherein the optical fiber has a cable cut-off wavelength (\u03bbcc) of 1260 nanometers or less, measured as the wavelength at which the attenuation of the LP11 mode is greater than or equal to 19.3 dB after propagation over 22 meters of fiber.
2. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the substantially cured primary coating possesses an in situ modulus of between about 0.2 MPa and 0.5 MPa.
3. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the substantially cured primary coating possesses a glass transition temperature of less than about \u221255\xb0 C.
4. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the primary coating achieves 50 percent of full cure at a UV dose of about 0.3 Jcm2 as measured on a standard 75-micron film at standard temperature and pressure.
5. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the primary coating comprises a UV-curable urethane acrylate composition.
6. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the surface integral of the central core (V01), defined as
V
01
=
\u222b
0
r
\u2062
\u2062
1
\u2062
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
\u2061
(
r
)
\xb7
\u2146
r
\u2248
r
1
\xd7
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
1
,
is between 19.0\xd710\u22123 micron and 23.0\xd710\u22123 micron.
7. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the surface integral of the depressed trench (V03), defined as
V
03
=
\u222b
r
\u2062
\u2062
2
r
\u2062
\u2062
3
\u2062
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
\u2061
(
r
)
\xb7
\u2146
r
\u2248
(
r
3
–
r
2
)
\xd7
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
3
,
is between \u221255.0\xd710\u22123 micron and \u221230.0\xd710\u22123 micron.
8. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the volume integral of the depressed trench (V13), defined as
V
13
=
2
\xb7
\u222b
r
\u2062
\u2062
2
r
\u2062
\u2062
3
\u2062
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
\u2061
(
r
)
\xb7
r
\xb7
\u2146
r
\u2248
(
r
3
2
–
r
2
2
)
\xd7
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
3
,
is between \u22121200\xd710\u22123 \u03bcm2 and \u2212750\xd710\u22123 \u03bcm2.
9. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the central core has a radius (r1) between 3.8 microns and 4.35 microns.
10. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate cladding has a radius (r2) between 8.5 microns and 9.7 microns.
11. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the depressed trench has a radius (r3) between 13.5 microns and 16 microns.
12. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the central core has a refractive index difference (\u0394n1) with the outer optical cladding between 4.9\xd710\u22123 and 5.7\xd710\u22123.
13. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate cladding has a refractive index difference (\u0394n2) with the outer optical cladding between \u22120.1\xd710\u22123 and 0.6\xd710\u22123.
14. An optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the depressed trench has a refractive index difference (\u0394n3) with the outer optical cladding between \u221210.0\xd710\u22123 and \u22125.0\xd710\u22123.
15. An optical fiber according claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has a zero chromatic dispersion wavelength (ZDW) between 1300 nanometers and 1324 nanometers and, at the zero chromatic dispersion wavelength (ZDW), a zero chromatic dispersion slope value (ZDS) less than 0.092 ps(nm2\xb7km).
16. A cable containing one or more optical fibers according to claim 1.
17. An FTTx system comprising one or more optical fibers according to claim 1.
18. A bend-insensitive optical fiber, comprising:
a single-mode glass fiber comprising (i) a central core surrounded by an outer optical cladding, the central core having a radius r1 and a refractive index difference \u0394n1 with the outer optical cladding between about 4.9\xd710\u22123 and 5.7\xd710\u22123; (ii) an intermediate cladding positioned between the central core and the outer optical cladding, the intermediate cladding having a radius r2 and a refractive index difference \u0394n2 with the outer optical cladding between about \u22120.1\xd710\u22123 and 0.6\xd710\u22123; and (iii) a depressed trench positioned between the intermediate cladding and the outer optical cladding, the depressed trench having a radius r3 and a refractive index difference \u0394n3 with the outer optical cladding between about \u221210.0\xd710\u22123 and \u22125.0\xd710\u22123; and
a substantially cured primary coating surrounding the single-mode glass fiber, the substantially cured primary coating possessing (i) an in situ modulus of less than about 0.65 MPa and (ii) a glass transition temperature of less than about \u221250\xb0 C.;
wherein, at a wavelength of 1310 nanometers, the optical fiber has a nominal mode field diameter (MFD) between about 8.6 microns and 9.5 microns;
wherein the optical fiber has a zero chromatic dispersion wavelength (ZDW) between 1300 nanometers and 1324 nanometers;
wherein the optical fiber has a zero chromatic dispersion slope value (ZDS) at the zero chromatic dispersion wavelength less than 0.092 ps(nm2\xb7km);
wherein, at a wavelength of 1550 nanometers, the optical fiber has bending losses less than about 3\xd710\u22123 dBturn for a radius of curvature of 15 millimeters and less than about 0.15 dBturn for a radius of curvature of 5 millimeters;
wherein, at a wavelength of 1625 nanometers, the optical fiber has bending losses less than 10\u22122 dBturn for a radius of curvature of 15 millimeters and less than about 0.25 dBturn for a radius of curvature of 5 millimeters; and
wherein the optical fiber has both a standard cable cut-off wavelength (\u03bbcc) of 1260 nanometers or less and a straight cable cut-off wavelength of 1260 nanometers or less.
19. An optical fiber according to claim 18, wherein the substantially cured primary coating possesses an in situ modulus of 0.5 MPa or less.
20. An optical fiber according to claim 18, wherein the primary coating achieves 80 percent of full cure at a UV dose of about 0.5 Jcm2 as measured on a standard 75-micron film at standard temperature and pressure.
21. An optical fiber according to claim 18, wherein the primary coating comprises a UV-curable urethane acrylate composition.
22. An optical fiber according to claim 18, wherein:
the surface integral of the central core (V01), defined as
V
01
=
\u222b
0
r
\u2062
\u2062
1
\u2062
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
\u2061
(
r
)
\xb7
\u2146
r
\u2248
r
1
\xd7
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
1
,
is between 19.0\xd710\u22123 micron and 23.0\xd710\u22123 micron;
the surface integral of the depressed trench (V03), defined as
V
03
=
\u222b
r
\u2062
\u2062
2
r
\u2062
\u2062
3
\u2062
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
\u2061
(
r
)
\xb7
\u2146
r
\u2248
(
r
3
–
r
2
)
\xd7
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
3
,
is between \u221255.0\xd710\u22123 micron and \u221230.0\xd710\u22123 micron; and
the volume integral of the depressed trench (V13), defined as
V
13
=
2
\xb7
\u222b
r
\u2062
\u2062
2
r
\u2062
\u2062
3
\u2062
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
\u2061
(
r
)
\xb7
r
\xb7
\u2146
r
\u2248
(
r
3
2
–
r
2
2
)
\xd7
\u0394
\u2062
\u2062
n
3
,
is between \u22121200\xd710\u22123 \u03bcm2 and \u2212750\xd710\u22123 \u03bcm2.
23. An optical fiber according to claim 18, wherein:
the central core has a radius (r1) between about 3.8 microns and 4.35 microns;
the intermediate cladding has a radius (r2) between about 8.5 microns and 9.7 microns; and
the depressed trench has a radius (r3) between about 13.5 microns and 16 microns.