1. A method of servicing a wellbore comprising:
placing a cement composition comprising a cementitious material, water, and an elastomeric material comprising a bonding polar group into a wellbore; and
allowing the cement composition to set to form a set cement, wherein the elastomeric material has a phase transition temperature, exhibits cold flow behavior, or both at less than or equal to the bottom hole static temperature of the wellbore, wherein upon loss of structural integrity the set cement self-repairs and forms a self-repaired cement and wherein the self-repaired cement has a permeability that is reduced by from about 20% to about 100% when compared to the permeability of an otherwise similar cement composition lacking an elastomeric material comprising a polar group that bonds to the cementitious material.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric material has a phase transition temperature of from about 73\xb0 F. to about 400\xb0 F.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the bonding polar group may bond to the cementitious material, components of the formation, components of the casing, or both.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric material comprises a viscoelastic solid.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the viscoelastic solid has a cold flow percentage of equal to or greater than about 10%.
6. The method of claim 4 wherein the viscoelastic solid has a glass transition temperature of from about \u221230\xb0 C. to about \u221210\xb0 C.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the polar group comprises an anionic group or a material capable of generating an anionic group.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the polar group comprises a carboxylate group, a sulfonate group, or combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the carboxylate group has the formula of \u2014COOR wherein R is a hydrogen, a metal, an ammonium group, a quaternary ammonium group, an acyl group, an alkyl group, an acid anhydride group, or combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric material comprises a material capable of generating a carboxylate group.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric material comprises acrylonitrile copolymers, copolymers of butadiene and styrene, copolymers of ethylene and acrylic acid, copolymers of styrene and acrylic acid esters, ethylene acrylate copolymers, maleated polybutadiene, maleated styrene butadiene rubber, carboxylated hydrogenated styrene butadiene rubber, maleated hydrogenated styrene butadiene rubber, maleated nitrile butadiene rubber, methylmethacrylate butadiene styrene, maleated ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer, sulfonated ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer, acrylic grafted silicone, carboxylated styrene-acrynitrile-butadiene rubbers, maleated ethylene vinyl acetate, partially hydrolyzed nitrile rubbers, carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, carboxylated hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber, or combinations thereof.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the polar group was introduced into the elastomeric material by copolymerizing a monomer comprising the polar group with one or more olefin monomers, by grafting of a monomer comprising the polar group to an elastomer, by partially hydrolyzing an elastomer comprising monomers that are capable of hydrolyzing to form a polar group, or combinations thereof.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the elastomer further comprises additional polar monomers which increase the overall hydrophilicity of the elastomer.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the monomer comprising the polar group comprises acrylic acid, alkylacrylate, alkyl alkacrylates, maleic acid, maleic anhydrides, diesters and monoesters or maleic acid, maleimide, fumaric acid, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid, salts thereof, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
15. The method of claim 12 wherein the elastomeric material comprises a polymer formed by the polymerization of styrene, vinyltoluene, alpha-methylstyrene, butadiene, isoprene, hexadiene, dichlorovinylidene, vinyl-chloride, difluorovinyledene, acrylonitrile, ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene, vinyl acetate, ethylene glycol, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein the polar group is present in the elastomeric material in an amount of from about 0.01 wt. % to about 20 wt. % by weight of the elastomer.
17. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric material is present in the cement composition in an amount of from about 0.5 wt. % to about 25 wt. % by total weight of the cement composition.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric material has a median particle size of equal to or greater than about 500 microns.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein the set cement has a Young’s modulus of from about 10,000 psi to about 3,000,000 psi.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein the set cement has a Poisson’s Ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.3.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein the set cement loses structural integrity by forming cracks, shrinking, debonding from a structure, cement casing, wellbore conduit, formation, or combinations thereof.
22. The method of claim 1 wherein the set cement self repairs by obstructing potential flow pathways formed in the set cement due to the loss of structural integrity.
23. The method of claim 1 wherein the self-repaired cement has a compressive strength of from about 10% to about 100% of the compressive strength of the set cement.
24. The method of claim 1 wherein the self-repaired cement has a Young’s modulus of from about 20% to about 120% of the Young’s modulus of the set cement.
25. The method of claim 1 wherein the self-repaired cement has a Poisson’s Ratio of from about 80% to about 200% of Poisson’s ratio of the set cement.
26. The method of claim 1 wherein the self-repaired cement has a tensile strength of from about 5% to about 80% of the tensile strength of the set cement.
27. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric material further comprises an agglomeration inhibitor.
28. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric material has a median particle size of greater than about 500 microns.
29. A method of servicing a cased wellbore penetrating a formation, comprising:
introducing a self-repairing cementitious material into a wellbore; and
allowing the cement to set,
wherein upon a loss of structural integrity the set cement self-repairs and forms a self repaired cement,
and wherein the loss of structural integrity comprises the formation of flow pathways for fluid migration in the cement and self-repair comprises obstructing potential pathways for fluid migration and wherein the self-repaired cement has a permeability that is reduced by from about 20% to about 100% when compared to the permeability of an otherwise similar cement composition lacking an elastomeric material comprising a polar group that bonds to the cementitious material.
30. The method of claim 29 wherein the cementitious material comprises an elastomeric material comprising a bonding polar group, wherein the polar group bonds with two or more of the set cement, the casing, or the formation.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A port assembly for an integrated medication delivery system that includes a medication reservoir and a pump assembly, wherein said port assembly enables various fluids to flow into, from, and within the integrated medication delivery system, said port assembly comprising:
an elongated housing comprising a proximate end, a distal end, and an interior wall defining a fluid chamber between said ends, said proximate end of said housing extending from the integrated medication delivery system to provide access for the fluid to flow both into and from the integrated medication delivery system;
a first fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from said fluid chamber into the pump assembly;
a second fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from the pump assembly into said fluid chamber;
a third fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow between said fluid chamber and the medication reservoir;
a plunger disposed in said fluid chamber and being moveable in said fluid chamber between;
an off-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said proximate end of said housing by said plunger to prevent the flow of fluid,
a fill-position where said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said proximate end of said housing thereby providing a fluid flow path between said proximate end of said housing, the medication reservoir, and the pump assembly such that the fluid can be filled through said proximate end of said housing and into the medication reservoir and the pump assembly, and
a fluid delivery-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said proximate end of said housing and with each other for supplying the pump assembly and for delivering the fluid to a patient;
at least one seal disposed about said plunger to segregate said fluid chamber of said housing; and
at least one leak rib extending at least partially along said interior wall of said elongated housing to selectively cause said at least one seal to leak when said plunger is in said fill-position.
2. A port assembly for enabling fluids to flow into, from, and within an integrated medication delivery system that includes a medication reservoir and a pump assembly, said port assembly comprising:
an elongated housing having a proximate end, a distal end, and an interior wall defining a fluid chamber between said ends;
first, second, and third fluid connectors disposed on said elongated housing and extending therefrom;
a plunger disposed in said fluid chamber of said elongated housing and having an access end and an actuation end, said plunger defining an internal fluid bore therein with said internal fluid bore being in selective fluid communication with said fluid connectors as said plunger moves in said fluid chamber between an off-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said internal fluid bore, a fill-position where said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore, and a fluid delivery-position where said second fluid connector is in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore;
first, second, third, and fourth seats disposed about said plunger and spaced axially from one another along said plunger wherein said first seat is disposed toward said access end of said plunger, said fourth seat is disposed toward said actuation end of said plunger, and said second and third seats are disposed successively between said first and fourth seats;
a first fluid passage defined between said first and second seats and said interior wall, a second fluid passage defined between said second and third seats and said interior wall, and a third fluid passage defined between said third and fourth seats and said interior wall; and
a first seal disposed about said first seat for sealing said first fluid passage from said access end of said plunger, a second seal disposed about said second seat for sealing said first and second fluid passages from one another, a third seal disposed about said third seat for sealing said second and third fluid passages from one another, and a fourth seal disposed about said fourth seat for sealing said third fluid passage from said actuation end of said plunger.
3. A port assembly as set forth in claim 2 further comprising at least one leak rib extending along said interior wall of said elongated housing from said proximate end toward said distal end to selectively cause said first seal to leak when said plunger is in said fill-position.
4. A port assembly as set forth in claim 2 wherein said internal fluid bore extends within said plunger from said access end to said third seat and said internal fluid bore comprises a fluid duct in fluid communication with one of said fluid passages such that the fluid can flow into and from said internal fluid bore.
5. A port assembly as set forth in claim 4 wherein said fluid duct is in fluid communication with said second fluid passage defined between said second and third seats and said interior wall such that the fluid can flow into and from said internal fluid bore at said second fluid passage.
6. A port assembly as set forth in claim 5 wherein said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said proximate end of said housing and from said access end of said plunger by said first, second, and third seats when said plunger is in said off-position.
7. A port assembly as set forth in claim 5 wherein said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said proximate end of said housing and with said access end of said plunger through said second fluid passage and said fluid duct of said internal fluid bore when said plunger is in said fill-position such that the fluid can be filled through said access end of said plunger, through said internal fluid bore and said fluid duct, and into the medication reservoir and the pump assembly.
8. A port assembly as set forth in claim 7 wherein said second fluid connector is isolated from said proximate end of said housing, from said access end of said plunger, and from said first and third fluid connectors by said third and fourth seats when said plunger is in said fill-position.
9. A port assembly as set forth in claim 5 wherein said second fluid connector is in fluid communication with said proximate end of said housing and with said access end of said plunger through said second fluid passage and said fluid duct of said internal fluid bore when said plunger is in said fluid delivery-position for delivering the fluid from the pump assembly to the patient.
10. A port assembly as set forth in claim 9 wherein said first and third fluid connectors are isolated from said proximate end of said housing and said access end of said plunger by said first and second seats, but are in fluid communication with the medication reservoir through said first fluid passage when said plunger is in said fluid delivery-position for supplying the pump assembly with the fluid.
11. A port assembly as set forth in claim 2 wherein said first and third fluid connectors are aligned with said third fluid passage when said plunger is in said off-position, with said second fluid passage when said plunger is in said fill-position, and with said first fluid passage when said plunger is in said fluid delivery-position.
12. A port assembly comprising:
an elongated housing having a proximate end, a distal end, and an interior wall defining a fluid chamber between said ends;
first, second, and third fluid connectors disposed on said elongated housing and extending therefrom;
a plunger disposed in said fluid chamber of said elongated housing and defining an internal fluid bore therein with said internal fluid bore being in selective fluid communication with said fluid connectors as said plunger moves in said fluid chamber between an off-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said internal fluid bore, a fill-position where said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore, and a fluid delivery-position where said second fluid connector is in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore; and
said plunger defining a fluid duct axially isolated from said fluid connectors in said off-position, axially aligned with said first and third fluid connectors in said fill-position, and axially aligned with said second fluid connector in said fluid delivery-position to provide said selective fluid communication.
13. An integrated medication delivery system for delivering medication to a patient, comprising:
a base housing;
a medication reservoir disposed about said base housing for storing the medication to be delivered to the patient;
a pump assembly supported by said base housing for delivering the medication to the patient, said pump assembly comprising a pump housing having a pump inlet and a pump outlet wherein said pump inlet and said pump outlet alternate between an open and a closed state to deliver the medication to the patient;
an elongated housing supported by said base housing and including a proximate end, a distal end, and an interior wall defining a fluid chamber between said ends;
first, second, and third fluid connectors disposed on said elongated housing and extending therefrom;
a plunger disposed in said fluid chamber of said elongated housing and defining an internal fluid bore therein with said internal fluid bore being in selective fluid communication with said fluid connectors as said plunger moves in said fluid chamber between an off-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said internal fluid bore, a fill-position where said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore, and a fluid delivery-position where said second fluid connector is in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore for delivering the medication to the patient.
14. A port assembly for an integrated medication delivery system that includes a medication reservoir and a pump assembly, wherein said port assembly enables various fluids to flow into, from, and within the integrated medication delivery system, said port assembly comprising:
an elongated housing comprising a proximate end, a distal end, and an interior wall defining a fluid chamber between said ends, said proximate end of said housing extending from the integrated medication delivery system to provide access for the fluid to flow both into and from the integrated medication delivery system;
a first fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow, from said fluid chamber into the pump assembly;
a second fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from the pump assembly into said fluid chamber;
a third fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow between said fluid chamber and the medication reservoir;
a plunger disposed in said fluid chamber and defining an internal fluid bore therein with said internal fluid bore being in selective fluid communication with said fluid connectors as said plunger moves in said fluid chamber between;
an off-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said internal fluid bore to prevent the flow of fluid,
a fill-position where said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore thereby providing a fluid flow path between said internal fluid bore, the medication reservoir, and the pump assembly such that the fluid can be filled through said internal fluid bore and into the medication reservoir and the pump assembly, and
a fluid delivery-position where said second fluid connector is in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore for delivering the fluid to a patient; and
in combination with a fluid filling device that engages said proximate end of said housing to automatically move said plunger into said fill-position for filling the medication reservoir and the pump assembly.
15. A port assembly as set forth in claim 14 wherein said fluid filling device is a syringe that moves said plunger into said fill-position for filling the medication reservoir and the pump assembly.
16. A port assembly as set forth in claim 14 wherein said fluid filling device is a fluid cap that moves said plunger into said fill-position to enable a sterilization fluid to penetrate into the medication reservoir and the pump assembly.
17. A port assembly for an integrated medication delivery system that includes a medication reservoir and a pump assembly, wherein said port assembly enables various fluids to flow into, from, and within the integrated medication delivery system, said port assembly comprising:
an elongated housing comprising a proximate end, a distal end, and an interior wall defining a fluid chamber between said ends, said proximate end of said housing extending from the integrated medication delivery system to provide access for the fluid to flow both into and from the integrated medication delivery system;
a first fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from said fluid chamber into the pump assembly;
a second fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from the pump assembly into said fluid chamber;
a third fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow between said fluid chamber and the medication reservoir;
a plunger disposed in said fluid chamber and having a length, a circumference, and a plurality of seats disposed along said length and about said circumference, said seats extending outwardly from said circumference to said interior wall of said housing to define a fluid passage between each of said seats and said interior wall of said housing for controlling the flow of fluid within said port assembly;
said plunger having an access end and an actuation end and defining an internal fluid bore extending from said access end, where the fluid flows into and from said internal fluid bore, toward said actuation end, said internal fluid bore being in selective fluid communication with said fluid connectors as said plunger moves in said fluid chamber between;
an off-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said internal fluid bore to prevent the flow of fluid,
a fill-position where said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore thereby providing a fluid flow path between said internal fluid bore, the medication reservoir, and the pump assembly such that the fluid can be filled through said internal fluid bore and into the medication reservoir and the pump assembly, and
a fluid delivery-position where said second fluid connector is in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore for delivering the fluid to a patient; and
in combination with a syringe engaging said access end of said plunger to automatically move said plunger into said fill-position for filling the medication reservoir and the pump assembly through said internal fluid bore.
18. A port assembly for an integrated medication delivery system that includes a medication reservoir and a pump assembly, wherein said port assembly enables various fluids to flow into, from, and within the integrated medication delivery system, said port assembly comprising:
an elongated housing comprising a proximate end, a distal end, and an interior wall defining a fluid chamber between said ends, said proximate end of said housing extending from the integrated medication delivery system to provide access for the fluid to flow both into and from the integrated medication delivery system;
a first fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from said fluid chamber into the pump assembly;
a second fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from the pump assembly into said fluid chamber;
a third fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow between said fluid chamber and the medication reservoir;
a plunger disposed in said fluid chamber and defining an internal fluid bore therein with said internal fluid bore being in selective fluid communication with said fluid connectors as said plunger moves in said fluid chamber between;
an off-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said internal fluid bore to prevent the flow of fluid,
a fill-position where said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore thereby providing a fluid flow path between said internal fluid bore, the medication reservoir, and the pump assembly such that the fluid can be filled through said internal fluid bore and into the medication reservoir and the pump assembly, and
a fluid delivery-position where said second fluid connector is in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore for delivering the fluid to a patient; and
in combination with an infusion tube set comprising a fluid end and a patient end wherein said fluid end of said tube set engages said proximate end of said housing to automatically move said plunger into said fluid delivery-position for delivering the fluid to the patient.
19. A port assembly for an integrated medication delivery system that includes a medication reservoir and a pump assembly, wherein said port assembly enables various fluids to flow into, from, and within the integrated medication delivery system, said port assembly comprising:
an elongated housing comprising a proximate end, a distal end, and an interior wall defining a fluid chamber between said ends, said proximate end of said housing extending from the integrated medication delivery system to provide access for the fluid to flow both into and from the integrated medication delivery system;
a first fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from said fluid chamber into the pump assembly;
a second fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow from the pump assembly into said fluid chamber;
a third fluid connector extending from said housing for allowing the fluid to flow between said fluid chamber and the medication reservoir;
a plunger disposed in said fluid chamber and having a length, a circumference, and a plurality of seats disposed along said length and about said circumference, said seats extending outwardly from said circumference to said interior wall of said housing to define a fluid passage between each of said seats and said interior wall of said housing for controlling the flow of fluid within said port assembly;
said plunger having an access end and an actuation end and defining an internal fluid bore extending from said access end, where the fluid flows into and from said internal fluid bore, toward said actuation end, said internal fluid bore being in selective fluid communication with said fluid connectors as said plunger moves in said fluid chamber between;
an off-position where said first, second, and third fluid connectors are isolated from said internal fluid bore to prevent the flow of fluid,
a fill-position where said first and third fluid connectors are in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore thereby providing a fluid flow path between said internal fluid bore, the medication reservoir, and the pump assembly such that the fluid can be filled through said internal fluid bore and into the medication reservoir and the pump assembly, and
a fluid delivery-position where said second fluid connector is in fluid communication with said internal fluid bore for delivering the fluid to a patient; and
in combination with an infusion tube set comprising a fluid end and a patient end wherein said fluid end of said tube set engages said access end of said plunger to automatically move said plunger into said fluid delivery-position for delivering the fluid to the patient.