1. A photosensitive element comprising a silver halide emulsion having silver halide grains containing an organic hole-trapping dopant.
2. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein the organic hole-trapping dopant is represented by formula (I):
RCOOM(I)
wherein
R represents hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group or hetero-aryl group, and
M is hydrogen or any metal or organic group which can form a salt.
3. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein the organic hole-trapping dopant is represented by formula (II):
5
wherein:
X and Y are independently selected from O, S, Se;
m is 1 and n is 1 or 2
R1 and R2 each independently represents hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl or aralkyl group or a heteroaryl group, wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and may form a ring;
E represents a group linked to the carbon atom by a heteroatom, having at least one free electron pair;
M is a proton or an organic or inorganic counterion.
4. A photosensitive element according to claim 2, wherein M in formula (I) representing the organic hole-trapping dopant is an alkaline or alkaline earth metal or an organic group which can be an unsubstituted or substituted ammonium-cation in form of NR3R4R5R6, wherein the groups R3 to R6 may be the same or different and wherein each of R3 to R6 independently present hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl; or a phosphonium, selenonium, iodonium, telluronium or sulphonium ion.
5. A photosensitive element according to claim 3, wherein M in formula (II) representing the organic hole-trapping dopant, is an alkaline or alkaline earth metal or an organic group which can be an unsubstituted or substituted ammonium-cation in form of NR3R4R5R6, wherein the groups R3 to R6 may be the same or different and wherein each of R3 to R6 independently present hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl; or a phosphonium, selenonium, iodonium, telluronium or sulphonium ion.
6. A photosensitive element according to claim 2, wherein the organic hole-trapping dopant according to the formula (I) is formic acid or an inorganic or organic salt thereof.
7. A photosensitive element according to claim 3, wherein the organic hole-trapping dopant according to the formula (II) is a rongalite, present as a sulfinic acid or an inorganic or organic salt thereof.
8. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein the organic hole-trapping dopant is present in an amount of 108 up to 102 mole per mole of silver halide.
9. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein the silver halide emulsion contains at least one J-aggregating dye as spectral sensitizer.
10. A photosensitive element according to claim 9, wherein the silver halide emulsion containing a spectral sensitizer further comprises a J-aggregate tuning product.
11. A photosensitive element according to claim 10, wherein the J-aggregate tuning product is a photographic stabilizer.
12. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein the silver halide is composed of at least one halide selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide and iodide.
13. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein the silver halide contains at least 10 mole percent of bromide.
14. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein the silver halide emulsion contains silver halide grains having a mean spherical equivalent diameter SED between 0.01 and 2.0 m.
15. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein the silver halide grains containing a hole-trapping dopant are grains having a core and an outermost shell and the said outermost shell comprises said hole-trapping dopant.
16. A photosensitive element according to claim 15, wherein the shell contains less than 95 percent of the silver present in the grains.
17. A photosensitive element according to claim 1, wherein said element is a photoadressable thermographic element, comprising a substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt, an organic reducing agent therefor in thermal working relationship therewith and a binder.
18. A method for preparing a photosensitive element comprising a support and on one or both sides thereof at least one silver halide emulsion layer, comprising silver halide grains precipitated in the presence of an organic hole-trapping dopant.
19. A method according to claim 18, wherein an oxidizing agent is present together with said organic hole-trapping dopant.
20. A method according to claim 19, wherein the oxidizing agent is p-toluene thiosulphonic acid or a salt thereof.
21. A method for preparing a photosensitive silver halide element according to claim 18, wherein the precipitation is performed in following conditions of pH and pAg:
pH in the range from 1 up to 10, and
pAg in the range from 2 up to 9.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel, the blood vessel having an interior wall surface, exterior wall surface, and a lumen, the seal assembly comprising:
a first sealing element for placing inside the lumen of the blood vessel;
a shaft formed with the first sealing element and in a predetermined configuration relative to the first sealing element, the shaft having a length sufficient to extend through the opening of the blood vessel and at least a portion of any overlying tissue;
a flexible member surrounding at least a portion of the shaft adjacent the first sealing element;
an outer floating element slidingly movable along the shaft, the outer floating element having a proximal surface and a distal surface; and
a second sealing element, the second sealing element slidingly movable relative to the first sealing element along the shaft to engage the outer floating element and configured to position the distal surface of the outer floating element against the exterior wall surface and the flexible gasket against the interior wall surface of the blood vessel to seal the opening in the blood vessel.
2. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the shaft and the first sealing element are a single one-piece component.
3. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the flexible member is connected to the first sealing element.
4. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the flexible member is secured to a proximally facing surface of the first sealing element.
5. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the flexible member is substantially circular and has an opening in a middle portion thereof to receive the shaft therethrough.
6. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the flexible member has a shape selected from the shapes consisting of round, oval, ellipse, square, and rectangular.
7. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the shaft has at least two sides, the at least two sides each having a groove along a portion thereof and the outer floating element has an aperture to receive the shaft therethrough, the aperture generally being rectangular and having two protrusions extending into the aperture and configured to the groove on a respective side of the shaft.
8. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the shaft has four sides, two of the four sides having a plurality of equally spaced projections along a length thereof.
9. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 7, wherein each of the protrusions has a first surface capable of engaging a first wall of the groove and a second surface capable of engaging a second wall of the groove.
10. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 9, wherein when the first surface engages the first wall of the groove, the distal surface of the outer floating element is disposed relative to the first wall at an angle of between 35 and 55 degrees.
11. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 10, wherein the angle is 45 degrees
12. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 9, wherein when the second surface engages the second wall of the groove, the second wall facing the first wall across the groove, and the distal surface of the outer floating element is disposed relative to the second wall at an angle of between 15 and 25 degrees.
13. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 12, wherein the angle is 19 degrees.
14. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the shaft has a reduced portion, the reduced portion having a cross section being smaller than a cross section of any other portion of the shaft.
15. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, further comprising an inserter, the inserter comprising
a housing have a first portion and a second portion, the first portion and second portion having a proximal end and a distal end;
a longitudinal opening extending through the housing when the first and second portion are connected to one another and opening at the proximal and distal ends;
an aperture in one of the first and second portions, the aperture configured to receive a portion of the first sealing element when the first and second portion are connected to one another and the seal assembly is inserted therein.
16. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal opening has a first opening portion and a second opening portion, the first opening portion having a constant diameter and the second opening portion has a variable diameter.
17. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 16, wherein the aperture is disposed in the inserter at the second opening portion.
18. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 15, where in the distal surface of the outer floating member is disposed relative to the shaft at an angle of between 15 and 25 degrees.
19. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 16, wherein the second opening portion has a maximum diameter and the flexible member is disposed in the inserter at the maximum diameter, the flexible member having a diameter in at least one axis that is smaller than the maximum diameter of the second opening portion.
20. The seal assembly for sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel according to claim 15, the inserter has an outer surface, the outer surface having a first outer diameter at the distal end thereof and a second diameter between the distal and proximal ends, the second diameter being larger than the first diameter.
21. A method of sealing an opening in the wall of a blood vessel, the blood vessel having an interior wall surface, exterior wall surface, and a lumen, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a seal assembly for sealing the opening in the blood vessel, the seal assembly operatively connected to an insertion device and comprising a first sealing element for placing inside the lumen of the blood vessel,Called or were you are in a you are a you a you a you and a you a you and a you a you is required is a will you will will will a will and you and him are her and the shaft continuously fixed in a predetermined configuration relative to the first sealing element, the shaft having a length sufficient to extend through the opening of the blood vessel and at least a portion of any overlying tissue, a flexible member surrounding at least a portion of the shaft adjacent the first sealing element, an outer floating element slidingly movable along the shaft, the outer floating element having a proximal surface and a distal surface, and a second sealing element, the second sealing element slidingly movable relative to the first sealing element along the shaft to engage the outer floating element and configured to position the distal surface of the outer floating element against the exterior wall surface and the flexible gasket against the interior wall surface of the blood vessel to seal the opening in the blood vessel;
inserting a portion of the seal assembly into the lumen of the blood vessel; and
retracting the seal assembly and insertion device until the first seal element and flexible member engages the interior wall surface of the blood vessel and causes the insertion device to automatically actuate thereby pushing the second sealing element and the outer floating element toward the exterior wall surface to position the outer floating element against the exterior surface and causing the shaft to break at a reduced portion disposed within the shaft.