1. A system for anonymizing content requests, the system comprising:
one or more processors;
a computer-readable memory; and
executable instructions stored in the computer-readable memory, wherein the one or more processors are programmed by the executable instructions to at least:
receive, from a client device, a request for a content item hosted by a content server, the request comprising tracking information associated with a user of the client device, the tracking information previously provided to the client device by the content server;
modify the request to generate a modified request comprising, in place of the tracking information, user information that is substantially anonymous, wherein the user information may be used to customize content for the user; and
transmit the modified request to the content server, the modified request excluding the tracking information.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises a network-accessible content page.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the request comprises a cookie, and wherein the cookie comprises the tracking information.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the request comprises a query string, and wherein the query string comprises the tracking information.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the user information is based at least in part on a preference of the user.
6. A computer-implemented method for managing content requests, the computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving from a client device, in association with a request for a content item hosted by a content server, identifying information associated with the client device or a user of the client device, wherein the identifying information is provided by the content server; and
in response to receiving the request:
modifying the request to generate a modified request incorporating, in place of at least a portion of the identifying information, non-user-identifying information associated with the user;
retrieving, by an intermediary system comprising one or more computing devices, the content item from the content server using the modified request; and
transmitting the content item to the client device.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the content item comprises a content page, image, video, or document.
8. The computer-implemented method of claim 6 further comprising receiving a cookie from the client device, wherein the cookie comprises the identifying information.
9. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the request comprises a query string, and wherein the query string comprises the identifying information.
10. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the identifying information is transmitted to the client device during a prior browsing session.
11. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the identifying information comprises an identifier of the user or an identifier of the client device.
12. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the non-user-identifying information comprises data regarding a demographic characteristic of the user.
13. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the non-user-identifying information is based at least in part on a preference of the user.
14. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising generating the non-user-identifying information by removing a portion of identifying information.
15. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the non-user-identifying information is transmitted in a custom data field.
16. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the non-user-identifying information is transmitted in a custom Hypertext Transfer Protocol header.
17. The computer-implemented method of claim 16, further comprising notifying the content server of the custom Hypertext Transfer Protocol header.
18. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising analyzing a plurality of identifying information generated by the content server to determine a structure of the identifying information.
19. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising analyzing a plurality of prior content requests received from the client device to determine the non-user-identifying information.
20. A non-transitory computer storage medium comprising a browser module configured to execute a process on a client device, the process comprising:
receiving, from a content server in response to a request for a first content item hosted by the content server, a cookie comprising identifying information associated with the client device or a user of the client device;
modifying the cookie to generated a modified version of the cookie based on data regarding a cookie structure used by the content server, the modified cookie comprising, in place of at least a portion of the identifying information, user information that is substantially anonymous;
transmitting, to the content server, a second request for a second content item, the second request comprising the modified version of the cookie; and
receiving, from the content server, the requested content item.
21. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 20, wherein the identifying information comprises tracking information regarding the user or the client device.
22. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 21, wherein the modified version of the cookie comprises user demographic information.
23. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 20, wherein the modifying comprises replacing at least a portion of the identifying information.
24. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 20, wherein the modifying comprises removing the identifying information and adding the user demographic information.
25. A system for managing content requests, the system comprising one or more processors programmed to at least:
receive, from a user of a browser application executing on a client device, a request for content offered by a content server, the request comprising identifying information associated with the user or the client device;
determine a category for the content server, wherein the category is associated with one or more content servers and one or more user privacy preferences;
modify the request to incorporate, in place of at least a portion of the identifying information, demographic information associated with the user according to at least a first user privacy preference associated with the category, wherein the demographic information is substantially anonymous; and
transmit the modified request to the content server.
26. The system of claim 25, wherein the demographic information is transmitted in a cookie.
27. The system of claim 25, wherein the demographic information is transmitted in a Hypertext Transfer Protocol header.
28. The system of claim 25, wherein modifying the request is performed by a client device.
29. The system of claim 25, wherein modifying the request is performed by an intermediary system.
30. A computer-implemented method for managing content requests, the computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving from a content server, in association with a first content item, a cookie;
in response to receiving the cookie:
storing the cookie at an intermediary system comprising one or more computing devices; and
transmitting the first content item without the cookie to a destination client device associated with a user;
receiving, from a requesting client device associated with the user, a request for a second content item offered by the content server, wherein the request for the second content item does not include the cookie; and
retrieving, on behalf of the user, the second content item from the content server, wherein retrieving comprises transmitting the cookie to the content server.
31. The computer-implemented method of claim 30, wherein the requesting client device is the destination client device.
32. The computer-implemented method of claim 30, wherein the requesting client device is separate from the destination client device.
33. The computer-implemented method of claim 30, further comprising replacing at least a portion of identifying information in the cookie with user demographic information associated with the user.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A wiring structure of a liquid crystal display device comprising:
a plurality of first parallel wires;
a plurality of second parallel wires intersecting with said first parallel wires; and
a plurality of active elements, each of said active elements being arranged at a position near an intersection of said first parallel wire and said second parallel wire and connected to said first parallel wire and said second parallel wire, wherein
part or all of said first parallel wires and said second parallel wires are of a laminated structure of a layer made of silver or an alloy containing silver as a major constituent and a layer made of a metallic element having a standard electrode potential of dissolution reaction lower than the standard electrode potential of silver or an alloy containing said metallic element as a major constituent, and are formed through a single process of photolithography.
2. A wiring structure of a liquid crystal display device comprising:
a plurality of first parallel wires;
a plurality of second parallel wires intersecting with said first parallel wires; and
a plurality of active elements, each of said active elements being arranged at a position near an intersection of said first parallel wire and said second parallel wire and connected to said first parallel wire and said second parallel wire, wherein
part or all of said first parallel wires and said second parallel wires are of a three-layer laminated structure of a bottom layer made of a metallic element having standard electrode potential of dissolution reaction lower than the standard electrode potential of silver or an alloy containing said metallic element as a major constituent, an intermediate layer made of silver or an alloy containing silver as a major constituent and a top layer made of a metallic element having a standard electrode potential of dissolution reaction lower than the standard electrode potential of silver or an alloy containing said metallic element as a major constituent, and said three-layer laminated structure is formed through a single process of photolithography.
3. A wiring structure of a liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein said metallic element having a standard electrode potential of dissolution reaction lower than the standard electrode potential of silver is molybdenum.
4. A wiring structure of a liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein said alloy containing molybdenum as a major constituent is an alloy containing chromium above 0.5 weight % or zirconium above 2.5 weight % or hafnium above 5.0 weight %.
5. A liquid crystal display device comprising:
a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other;
a plurality of parallel gate wires; a plurality of parallel data wires intersecting with said parallel gate wires; a plurality of thin-film transistors each arranged at a position near each of the intersections of said parallel gate wires and said parallel data wires, said thin-film transistor being connected to the corresponding parallel gate wire and the corresponding parallel data wire; and gate insulator films each covering said parallel gate wire, said parallel gate wires and said parallel data wires and said thin-film transistors and said gate insulator films being formed on one surface of said first substrate; and
a liquid crystal layer put between said first substrate and said second substrate, wherein
at least one of said parallel gate wiring and said parallel data wiring has the wiring structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A liquid crystal display device comprising:
a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other;
a plurality of parallel gate wires; a plurality of parallel data wires intersecting with said parallel gate wires; a plurality of thin-film transistors each arranged at a position near each of the intersections of said parallel gate wires and said parallel data wires, said thin-film transistor being connected to the corresponding parallel gate wire and the corresponding parallel data wire; gate insulator films each covering said parallel gate wire; and transparent electrodes to be used as connecting terminals for at least one of said parallel gate wiring and said parallel data wiring, said parallel gate wires and said parallel data wires and said thin-film transistors and said gate insulator films and said transparent electrodes being formed on one surface of said first substrate; and
a liquid crystal layer put between said first substrate and said second substrate, wherein
at least one of said parallel gate wiring and said parallel data wiring has the wiring structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and said transparent electrode is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a mixed oxide of indium oxide and zinc oxide, and a mixed oxide of indium oxide and germanium oxide.
7. A liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 5 and 6, which can display an image having a definition higher than a quadrable extended graphics array.