1. Sun protection and skin care product, comprising
(a) a photo protectionsun protection component (PPC) and
(b) an energy or electron acceptor,
wherein the spatial distance between (a) and (b) is no more than 10 nm if (b) is an energy acceptor, and wherein the spatial distance between (a) and (b) is no more than 3 nm if (b) is an electron acceptor.
2. The product of claim 1, wherein (b) is an electron acceptor and the spatial distance between (a) and (b) is 0,5 to 1 nm, 1 to 1,5 nm, 1,5 to 2 nm, 2 to 2,5 nm or 2,5 to 3 nm.
3. The product of claim 1 or 2, wherein (a) is derived from a cinnamic acid ester, in particular from 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester or another material listed in Table 2 of ref. 7 and denoted as a chemical sun filter, and wherein the cinnamic acid ester and the chemical sun filter, respectively, is a molecule substituted with a reactive group, in particular with a thiol or disulfide.
4. The product of any of the preceding claims, wherein (a) and (b) are connected with each other by at least one covalent bond.
5. The product of any of the preceding claims, wherein (b) is a metal nanoparticle, a semi-conductor nanoparticles or a dye nanoparticle.
6. The product of claim 5, wherein the semi-conductor nanoparticle is TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, WO3, Sb4O6 or ZrO2.
7. The product of claim 5, therein the dye nanoparticles are composed of molecules of an azo dye, a carotinoid dye, a quinoid dye, a quinoline derivative, a coumarin dye, fluorescein or one of its derivatives, an indigoid dye, pyrene derivatives, triarylmethane dyes, xanthene-dyes, porphyrin or a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanin, anthraquinone, an anthraquinone derivative or of molecules of several of these dyes.
8. The product of claim 5, wherein the metal nanoparticles are Au, Ag, Cu, Pt or Pd and the alloy is AuAg, AuCu, AuAgCu, AuPt, AuPd oder AuAgCuPd respectively.
9. The product of any of claims 1-4, wherein the molecule consisting of (a) and (b) is a super molecule, in which at least one PPM and at least energy or electron acceptor molecule are covalently attached to each other, either directly or via a backbone portion.
10. Use of (a) a photo protectionsun protection component (PPC) and (b) an energy or electron acceptor as common components in sun protection and skin care products, characterized in that the spatial distance between (a) and (b) is no more than 10 nm, if (b) is an energy acceptor, and wherein the spatial distance between (a) and (b) is no more than 3 nm, if (b) is an electron acceptor.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An ultrasound diagnosis apparatus, comprising:
an image acquiring unit configured to acquire a three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound image of a partial region of an object;
a region determining unit configured to determine a bile duct region and a tumor candidate region in the 3D ultrasound image;
a resection pattern acquiring unit configured to acquire a resection pattern of the bile duct region by comparing a shape of the tumor candidate region and the bile duct region with a predetermined pattern; and
a display unit configured to display on a screen a resection pattern image including the resection pattern of the bile duct region.
2. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the region determining unit determines gallbladder candidate regions by comparing regions in the 3D ultrasound image which have a pixel brightness value less than or equal to a threshold value with a predetermined shape, and determines the largest of the gallbladder candidate regions as a gallbladder region by comparing sizes of the gallbladder candidate regions.
3. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 2, wherein the region determining unit determines bile duct candidate regions by comparing regions which are adjacent to the gallbladder region and have a pixel brightness value less than or equal to a threshold value with a predetermined shape, and determines the largest of the bile duct candidate regions as the bile duct region by comparing sizes of the bile duct candidate regions.
4. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the region determining unit determines the tumor candidate region on the basis of at least one of a Doppler signal of the bile duct region and a shape of the bile duct region.
5. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the tumor candidate region displayed on the screen is modified by an external input, the resection pattern acquiring unit modifies the resection pattern on the basis of the modified tumor candidate region and the display unit displays the modified resection pattern on the screen.
6. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 2, wherein the display unit displays on the screen an ultrasound image including at least one of the gallbladder region, the bile duct region, and the tumor candidate region.
7. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 6, wherein the display unit displays an auxiliary image on the screen, wherein the auxiliary image is a 3D-rendered image of the ultrasound image.
8. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 7, wherein the display unit displays at least one of the resection pattern image, the ultrasound image, and the auxiliary image on the screen.
9. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 7, wherein the display unit displays a blood vessel, the bile duct region, and the gallbladder region of the auxiliary image in different colors.
10. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 7, wherein the display unit displays the tumor candidate region of the auxiliary image in a different color in the bile duct region.
11. The ultrasound diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display unit displays the tumor candidate region according to at least one type of indicator.
12. An ultrasound diagnosis method, comprising:
acquiring a three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound image of a partial region of an object;
determining a bile duct region and a tumor candidate region in the 3D ultrasound image;
acquiring a resection pattern of the bile duct region by comparing a shape of the tumor candidate region and the bile duct region with a predetermined pattern; and
displaying on a screen a resection pattern image including the resection pattern of the bile duct region.
13. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 12, wherein the determining of the bile duct region and the tumor candidate region comprises:
determining gallbladder candidate regions by comparing regions in the 3D ultrasound image which have a pixel brightness value less than or equal to a threshold value with a predetermined shape; and
determining the largest of the gallbladder candidate regions as a gallbladder region by comparing sizes of the gallbladder candidate regions.
14. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 13, wherein the determining of the bile duct region and the tumor candidate region further comprises:
determining bile duct candidate regions by comparing regions which are adjacent to the gallbladder region and have a pixel brightness value less than or equal to a threshold value with a predetermined shape; and
determining the largest of the bile duct candidate regions as the bile duct region by comparing sizes of the bile duct candidate regions.
15. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 12, wherein the determining of the bile duct region and the tumor candidate region comprises determining the tumor candidate region on the basis of at least one of a Doppler signal of the bile duct region and a shape of the bile duct region.
16. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 12, wherein when the tumor candidate region displayed on the screen is modified by an external input, the resection pattern is modified on the basis of the modified tumor candidate region, and the modified resection pattern is displayed on the screen.
17. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 13, wherein the displaying of the resection pattern image including the resection pattern of the bile duct region on the screen comprises displaying on the screen an ultrasound image including at least one of the gallbladder region, the bile duct region, and the tumor candidate region.
18. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 17, wherein the displaying of the resection pattern image including the resection pattern of the bile duct region on the screen further comprises displaying an auxiliary image on the screen, wherein the auxiliary image is a 3D-rendered image of the ultrasound image.
19. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 18, wherein the displaying of the resection pattern image including the resection pattern of the bile duct region on the screen further comprises displaying at least one of the resection pattern image, the ultrasound image, and the auxiliary image on the screen.
20. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 18, wherein the displaying of the resection pattern image including the resection pattern of the bile duct region on the screen further comprises displaying a blood vessel, the bile duct region, and the gallbladder region of the auxiliary image in different colors.
21. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 18, wherein the displaying of the resection pattern image including the resection pattern of the bile duct region on the screen further comprises displaying the tumor candidate region of the auxiliary image in a different color in the bile duct region.
22. The ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 12, wherein the displaying of the resection pattern image including the resection pattern of the bile duct region on the screen comprises displaying the tumor candidate region according to at least one type of indicator.
23. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium that stores a program that performs the ultrasound diagnosis method of claim 12 when executed by a computer.