1. A liquid, laundry detergent composition, the composition comprising
(a) at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and mixtures thereof;
(b) at least one enzyme and an enzyme stabilizing system comprising boron;
(c) at least one fabric care ingredient which is not a fabric cleaning ingredient; and
(d) at least one modified cationic deposition aid for the fabric care ingredient wherein the cationic deposition aid is a natural or synthetic polysaccharide derived from galactomannoses.
wherein prior to modification, the cationic deposition aid has at least one pair of cis-hydroxy groups, and wherein the cationic deposition aid is modified in such a way that the enzyme stabilizing system does not exhibit cis-hydroxy group interaction with the cationic deposition aid.
2. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the cationic deposition aid is a natural or synthetic polysaccharide having cis-hydroxy groups, wherein on average at least one hydrogen atom per pair of cis-hydroxy groups is at least partly or completely substituted with a cationic substituent or with a nonionic substituent.
3. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the cationic substituent have the formulas (1) or (2) as below:
wherein X and W are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted alkynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or combinations thereof;
Y=O, S, Se, or Te;
n=O to 100;
wherein all three R groups are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkinyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted hydroxyalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxyalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxyhydroxyalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted amine, or combinations thereof; and
Z=F, Cl, Br, I, alkyl sulfate, alkyl carboxylate, or combinations thereof; or,
X-T\u2003\u2003(2)
wherein X is defined as above, and T is a cationically charged cyclic substituent, comprising at least one quaternized nitrogen atom and wherein T is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted quaternized imidazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized piperazine, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized pyrrole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized pyrroline, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized pyrrolidine, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized pyridine, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized pyrimidine, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized dihydropyrrole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized thiazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized thiadiazine, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized pyrazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized imidazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized oxazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized isoxazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized isothiazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized triazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized tetrazole, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized piperidine, substituted and unsubstituted quaternized pyridazine (1,2-; 1,3-,1,4-isomer), substituted and unsubstituted quaternized triazine, and mixtures thereof.
4. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 2 wherein the nonionic substituent has the formula:
wherein U is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted alkyleneoxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted alkynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylene, substituted or unsubstituted aryleneoxy, or combinations thereof; and
m=1 to 100.
5. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 2 wherein
(i) the degree of substitution of the cationically substituted hydrogen atom is on average from 0.01 to 1.0;
(ii) the degree of molar substitution of the nonionically substituted hydrogen atom is on average from 0.1 to 5.0.
6. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 2 wherein the cationic deposition aid is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyalkyl guar hydroxyalkyl trimonium salts, derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
7. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the cationic deposition aid has a charge density of from 0.1 to 5.0 meqg.
8. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the cationic deposition aid has a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 10,000,000 gmol.
9. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the surfactants are present at a concentration from 1.0% to 80% by weight of the composition.
10. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the enzymes are present at a concentration from 0.0001% to 10% by weight of the composition.
11. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the boron-based enzyme-stabilizing system comprises boric acid andor salts thereof, and wherein the boron-based enzyme stabilizing system is present at concentrations from 0.01% to 10% by weight of the composition, expressed as boric acid.
12. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the fabric care ingredients are present at a concentration from 0.01% to 30% by weight of the composition.
13. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the modified cationic deposition aids are present at a concentration from 0.001% to 10% by weight of the composition.
14. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the enzyme is selected from the group consisting of peroxidases, proteases, gluco-amylases, amylases, xylanases, cellulases, lipases, phospholipases, esterases, cutinases, pectinases, keratanases, reductases, oxidases, phenoloxidases, lipoxygenases, ligninases, pullulanases, tannases, pentosanases, malanases, \u03b2-glucanases, arabinosidases, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, dextranase, transferase, laccase, mannanase, xyloglucanases, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof.
15. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the fabric care ingredient is selected from the group consisting of clays, silicon-free amine compounds, silicon-free quaternary ammonium based compounds, nitrogen-free silicone polymers, amino silicone polymers, anionic silicone polymers, cationic silicone polymers, polyolefins, and mixtures thereof.
16. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of liquid carriers; builders; suds suppressors; stabilizers; perfumes; chelating agents; colors; opacifiers; anti-oxidants; bactericides; neutralizing agents; buffering agents; phase regulants; dye-transfer inhibitors; hydrotropes; thickeners; conventional (not fabric substantive) perfumes and pro-perfumes; bleaches; bleach activators; bleach catalysts; optical brighteners or fluorescers; soil release polymers; photoactivators; preservatives; germicides; fungicides; color speckles; colored beads; spheres or extrudates; sunscreens; fluorinated compounds; pearlescent agents; luminescent agents or chemi-luminescent agents; anti-corrosion andor appliance protectant agents; alkalinity sources or other pH adjusting agents; solubilizing agents; processing aids; pigments; free radical scavengers; pH control agents; and mixtures thereof.
17. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the composition is a liquid laundry detergent composition being essentially non-aqueous, or a liquid laundry detergent composition being essentially non-aqueous and wrapped by a film.
18. A laundry detergent composition according to claim 17 wherein the film is a water-soluble film.
19. A liquid, laundry detergent composition, the composition comprising
(a) from 10% to 50%, by weight of the composition, of at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and mixtures thereof;
(b) from 0.001% to 2.5%, by weight of the composition, of at least one enzyme and from 0.1% to 3.0%, by weight of the composition, expressed as boric acid, of an enzyme stabilizing system comprising boron;
(c) from 0.5% to 5.0%, by weight of the composition, of at least one fabric care ingredient which is not a fabric cleaning ingredient; and
(d) from 0.1% to 2.5%, by weight of the composition, of at least one modified cationic deposition aid for the fabric care ingredient, wherein the cationic deposition aid is a natural or synthetic polysaccharide derived from galactomannoses,
wherein prior to modification, the cationic deposition aid has at least one pair of cis-hydroxy groups, wherein the cationic deposition aid is modified in such a way that the enzyme stabilizing system does not exhibit cis-hydroxy group interaction with the cationic deposition aid, and wherein the cationic deposition aid has a charge density of from 0.2 to 2.0 meqg.
20. A method for providing fabric cleaning benefits, reduction of wrinkle benefits, prevention of wrinkle benefits, removal of wrinkle benefits, fabric softening benefits, fabric feel benefits, garment shape retention benefits, elasticity benefits, ease of ironing benefits, perfume benefits, color care benefits, anti-abrasion benefits, anti-pilling benefits or any combination thereof to fabrics, which method comprises treating the fabric with a treating medium formed from the liquid laundry detergent composition according to claim 1.
21. A method according to claim 20 wherein the fabrics are colored fabrics.
22. A method for treating a substrate comprising contacting the substrate with a treating medium formed from the liquid laundry detergent composition according to claim 1 such that the substrate is treated.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for transmitting a plurality of system information bit streams, wherein each system information bit stream carries corresponding system information of one or more base stations in a wireless communication system, comprising:
identifying a plurality of network-entry-related bit streams and a plurality of non-network-entry-related bit streams from the system information bit streams, wherein the network-entry-related bit streams carry essential system information for a terminal to access a network through at least one of the base stations, and wherein the network-entry-related bit streams are categorized into one group and the non-network-entry-related bit streams are categorized into the other group;
modulating the network-entry-related bit streams according to a first set of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) and modulating the non-network-entry-related bit streams according to a second set of MCSs, wherein each of the first set of MCSs and the second set of MCSs comprise one or more MCSs, respectively; and
transmitting the system information bit streams with different frequencies, wherein the network-entry-related bit streams are periodically transmitted according to a first predetermined period.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first set of MCSs comprises at least one MCS, which is different from MCSs in the second set of MCSs.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one MCS of the first set of MCSs defines a first bit rate lower than a second bit rate defined by at least one MCS of the second set of MCSs.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
periodically transmitting the non-network-entry-related bit streams according to a second predetermined period, wherein the second predetermined period is longer than the first predetermined period.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
transmitting the non-network-related bit streams in a non-periodically manner.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
determining corresponding transmission time instances for each non-network-entry-related bit stream in an indication message;
periodically transmitting the indication message according to an indication period; and
transmitting the non-network-entry-related bit streams at the corresponding transmission time instances.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first set of MCSs and the second set of MCSs are adaptively changed according to a condition of cell-planning, terminal locations, or terminal feedbacks.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining a preferred broadcast period for each non-network-entry-related bit stream;
identifying at least one low-rate bit stream from the non-network-entry-related bit streams according to the preferred broadcast period, wherein the preferred broadcast period of the low-rate bit stream exceeds one super-frame; and
transmitting the low-rate bit stream in response to reception of a corresponding information request message from the terminal.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
identifying at least one high-rate bit stream and at least one medium-rate bit stream from the non-network-entry-related bit streams according to the preferred broadcast period, wherein the preferred broadcast period of the high-rate bit stream is based on one frame unit and the preferred broadcast period of the medium-rate bit stream is based on one super-frame unit, and wherein the preferred broadcast period of the high-rate bit stream is shorter than that of the medium-rate bit stream and the preferred broadcast period of the medium-rate bit stream is shorter than the preferred broadcast period of the low-rate bit stream; and
periodically transmitting the high-rate bit stream, the medium-rate bit stream, and the low-rate bit stream according to the corresponding preferred broadcast period.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:
modulating the high-rate bit stream, the medium-rate bit stream and the low-rate bit stream according to different MCSs.
11. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
transmitting one network-entry-related bit stream via more than one base station in the network at the same time instance and same radio frequency.
12. A method for transmitting a plurality of system information bit streams, wherein each system information bit stream carries corresponding system information of one or more base stations in a wireless communication system, comprising:
obtaining a preferred broadcast period for each system information bit stream;
identifying at least one high-rate bit stream and at least one low-rate bit stream from the system information bit streams according to the preferred broadcast period, wherein the preferred broadcast period of the high-rate bit stream is based on one frame unit and the preferred broadcast period of the low-rate bit stream is based on multiple super-frames unit; and
modulating the high-rate bit stream according to a first set of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) and modulating the low-rate bit stream according to a second set of MCSs, wherein the first set of MCSs and the second set of MCSs comprises at least one MCS, respectively.
13. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein at least one MCS in the first set of MCSs is different from at least one MCS in the second set of MCSs.
14. The method as claimed in claim 12, at least one MCS of the first set of MCSs defines a first bit rate lower than a second bit rate defined by at least one MCS of the second set of MCSs.
15. The method as claimed in claim 12, further comprising:
unicasting the low-rate bit stream in response to reception of a corresponding information request message from a terminal in the wireless communication system.
16. The method as claimed in claim 12, further comprising:
identifying at least one medium-rate bit stream from the system information bit streams according to the preferred broadcast period, wherein the preferred broadcast period of the medium-rate bit stream is based on one super-frame unit; and
modulating the medium-rate bit stream according to a third set of MCSs, wherein at least one MCS in the third set of MCSs is different from at least one MCS in the first set or the second set of MCSs.
17. A communication apparatus capable of providing a network in a wireless communication system, comprising:
a memory storing a plurality of network-entry-related bit streams that carry essential system information for a terminal to access the network, and a plurality of non-network-entry-related bit streams; and
a processor coupled to the memory, modulating the network-entry-related bit streams according to a first set of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs), modulating the non-network-entry-related bit streams according to a second set of MCSs, and transmitting the network-entry-related bit streams according to a first predetermined period, wherein the first set of MCSs and the second set of MCSs comprise at least one MCS, respectively.
18. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 17, at least one MCS of the first set of MCSs defines a first bit rate lower than a second bit rate defined by at least one MCS of the second set of MCSs.
19. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein the processor further periodically transmits the non-network-entry-related bit streams according to a second predetermined period, and wherein the second predetermined period is longer than the first predetermined period.
20. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein the processor further obtains and schedules corresponding transmission time instances for each non-network-entry-related bit stream in an indication message, periodically transmits the indication message according to an indication period, and transmits the non-network-entry-related bit streams at the corresponding transmission time instances.
21. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein the processor further obtains a preferred broadcast period for each non-network-entry-related bit stream, identifies at least one low-rate bit stream with a corresponding preferred broadcast period exceeding one super-frame from the non-network-entry-related bit streams, and transmits the low-rate bit stream in response to reception of a corresponding information request message from the terminal.
22. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the processor further identifies at least one high-rate bit stream and at least one medium-rate bit stream from the non-network-entry-related bit streams according to the preferred broadcast period, and periodically transmits the high-rate bit stream and the medium-rate bit stream according to the corresponding preferred broadcast period, and wherein the preferred broadcast period of the high-rate bit stream is shorter than that of the medium-rate bit stream.
23. A communication apparatus, comprising:
a radio transceiver module; and
a processor receiving a plurality of network-entry-related bit streams and a plurality of non-network-entry-related bit streams via the radio transceiver module, and demodulating the received network-entry-related bit streams according to a first set of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) and demodulating the received non-network-entry-related bit streams according to a second set of MCSs.
24. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the processor further transmits an information request message to a base station to request a unicast of a non-network-entry-related bit stream.
25. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 24, wherein the processor further receives at least one indication message comprising information indicating corresponding transmission time instances for the non-network-entry-related bit streams, obtains a wait time of the non-network-entry-related bit stream according to the corresponding transmission time instance indicated in the indication message, and transmits the information request message when the wait time is determined to be longer than a predetermined threshold.
26. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein the processor further receives multiple network-entry-related and non-network-entry-related bit streams carrying the same system information at different time instances, combines the received system information bit streams by using a combining technique to obtain a combined bit stream and decodes the combined bit stream to obtain the carried system information.
27. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein when the processor enters an idle mode for low power consumption, the processor further determines necessity of at least one non-network-entry-related bit stream, and selectively wakes up to receive the network-entry-related and non-network-entry-related bit stream at the corresponding transmission time instances according to necessity.
28. The communication apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein the processor further respectively receives a same network-entry-related bit stream from a plurality of base stations, combines the received network-entry-related bit streams to obtain a combined bit stream, and decodes the combined bit stream to obtain the carried system information.