1. A vacuum cushion for positioning a patient for a procedure comprising:
a gas-impermeable outer covering defining an airtight enclosure;
a vacuum control valve to provide selective fluid communication with the enclosure;
a filler material contained within the enclosure; and
a rigid or semi-rigid positioning element positioned within the enclosure.
2. The vacuum patient positioning cushion of claim 1, wherein the integrated rigid or semi-rigid positioning element is comprised of closed-cell foam.
3. The vacuum patient positioning cushion of claim 1, wherein the integrated positioning element is located within the enclosure in such a fashion that it is not fixed in position, and can be moved to a plurality of locations within the enclosure.
4. The vacuum patient positioning cushion of claim 1, wherein the integrated positioning element is located in a fixed position within the enclosure.
5. The vacuum patient positioning cushion of claim 1, wherein the integrated positioning element is wedge shaped.
6. The vacuum patient positioning cushion of claim 1, wherein the integrated positioning element is cylindrical in shape.
7. The vacuum patient positioning cushion of claim 1, wherein the integrated positioning element is trapezoidal shaped.
8. The vacuum patient positioning cushion of claim 1, wherein the filler is comprised of a plurality of polymeric beads.
9. The vacuum patient positioning cushion of claim 1, wherein the filler is comprised of a plurality of expanded polystyrene beads.
10. A method of positioning a patient comprising:
placing the patient on a vacuum patient positioning cushion comprised of a gas-impermeable outer covering defining an airtight enclosure containing a filler and a rigid or semi-rigid positioning element, with said vacuum patient positioning cushion being partly or completely in an inflated condition;
moving the integrated rigid positioning element within the patient positioning cushion such that it supports a desired portion of the patient;
applying a source of negative pressure to the enclosure to create a positioning form in a configuration that corresponds to the anatomy of that portion of the patient overlying the positioning cushion; and
removing the enclosure from the source of negative pressure to seal the vacuum patient positioning cushion section in that configuration.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising manipulation of the filler while the source of negative pressure is applied to the enclosure to create a positioning form in a configuration that corresponds to the anatomy of that portion of the patient overlying the positioning cushion.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the integrated rigid or semi-rigid positioning element is comprised of closed-cell foam.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the integrated positioning element is located within the enclosure in such a fashion that it is not fixed in position, and is moved to a location within the enclosure and maintained in that position while the source of negative pressure is applied to the enclosure to create a positioning form in a configuration that corresponds to the anatomy of that portion of the patient overlying the positioning cushion.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein at least a portion of the integrated positioning element is wedge shaped, cylindrical in shape, or trapezoidal in shape.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein the filler is comprised of a plurality of polymeric beads.
16. The method of claim 10, wherein the filler is comprised of a plurality of expanded polystyrene beads.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A network monitoring system for monitoring a network along which network traffic flows in a form of packets, comprising:
circuitry for receiving a packet communicated along the network;
circuitry for determining whether the received packet satisfies a set of conditions;
circuitry, responsive to a determination that the received packet satisfies the set, for determining a measure corresponding to the set, wherein the measure is determined over a defined time interval and comprises a ratio of packet arrival variance and a mean of packets arriving during the time interval;
circuitry for comparing the measure to a threshold; and
circuitry, responsive to the measure exceeding the threshold, for adjusting network resources.
2. The system of claim 1 and further comprising circuitry for determining whether the received packet complies with a set of corresponding quality requirements imposed on the packet, wherein the circuitry for adjusting is further responsive to the received packet not complying with the corresponding set of quality requirements.
3. The system of claim 2 wherein the received packet comprises an IP packet and wherein the quality requirements comprise QoS.
4. The system of claim 2 and further comprising a database, wherein the database comprise the set of conditions.
5. The system of claim 2 wherein the set of conditions relate to at least one criterion selected from a set consisting of source address and destination address.
6. The system of claim 2 wherein the set of conditions relate to at least one criterion selected from a set consisting of source address, destination address, protocol field, type of service field, source port number, and destination port number.
7. The system of claim 2 wherein the set of conditions relate to at least one criterion relating to an attribute of the received packet that is not provided as data included in the received packet.
8. The system of claim 2 wherein the network resources comprise buffering allocation in at least one node in the network.
9. The system of claim 1:
wherein the packet comprises one packet in a plurality of packets communicated along the network;
wherein the circuitry for receiving is further for receiving each packet in the plurality of packets;
wherein the circuitry for determining whether the received packet satisfies a set of conditions is for determining whether each received packet satisfies a set of conditions;
wherein the circuitry for determining a measure is further responsive to a determination that each received packet satisfies the set, and for each packet that satisfies the set the circuitry for determining a measure is for determining a respective measure corresponding to the set, wherein the respective measure is determined over a defined time interval and comprises a ratio of packet arrival variance and a mean of packets arriving during the time interval;
wherein the circuitry for comparing is further for comparing each respective measure to a threshold; and
wherein the circuitry for adjusting network resources is further responsive to a respective measure exceeding the threshold.
10. The system of claim 1:
and further comprising a plurality of monitors;
wherein a first monitor in the plurality of monitors comprises the circuitry for receiving and circuitry for determining whether the received packet satisfies a set of conditions;
wherein each monitor in the plurality of monitors comprises:
circuitry for receiving a packet communicated along the network; and
circuitry for determining whether the received packet satisfies a set of conditions.
11. The system of claim 10 wherein each monitor in the plurality of monitors further comprises:
circuitry, responsive to a determination that a received packet for the respective monitor satisfies the set, for determining a measure corresponding to the set, wherein the measure is determined over a defined time interval and comprises a ratio of packet arrival variance and a mean of packets arriving during the time interval;
circuitry for comparing the measure to a threshold; and
circuitry, responsive to the measure exceeding the threshold, for adjusting network resources.
12. The system of claim 10 and further comprising circuitry, coupled to more than one monitor in the plurality of monitors, and responsive to a respective monitor determining that a packet received by the respective monitor satisfies the set, for determining a measure corresponding to the set, wherein the measure is determined over a defined time interval and comprises a ratio of packet arrival variance and a mean of packets arriving during the time interval.
13. The system of claim 1 wherein the circuitry for adjusting network resources adjusts the network resources in less than one second of a time when the packet is received by the circuitry for receiving.
14. The system of claim 1 wherein the network comprises an internet protocol network.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein the internet protocol network comprises the global internet.
16. The system of claim 1 wherein the circuitry for determining whether the received packet satisfies a set of conditions further comprising circuitry for determining whether the received packets satisfies any set of conditions in a plurality of sets of conditions.
17. The system of claim 16 wherein the circuitry for determining a measure is responsive to a determination that the received packet satisfied any set of conditions in the plurality of sets of conditions.
18. The system of claim 1 wherein the circuitry for determining whether the received packet satisfies a set of conditions comprises a real time traffic measurement meter.
19. A method of operating a network monitoring system for monitoring a network along which network traffic flows in a form of packets, comprising:
receiving a packet communicated along the network;
determining whether the received packet satisfies a set of conditions;
responsive to a determination that the received packet satisfies the set, determining a measure corresponding to the set, wherein the measure is determined over a defined time interval and comprises a ratio of packet arrival variance and a mean of packets arriving during the time interval;
comparing the measure to a threshold; and
responsive to the measure exceeding the threshold, for adjusting network resources.
20. The method of claim 19 and further comprising determining whether the received packet complies with a set of corresponding quality requirements imposed on the packet, wherein the adjusting step is further responsive to the received packet not complying with the corresponding set of quality requirements.
21. The method of claim 20 wherein the received packet comprises an IP packet and wherein the quality requirements comprise QoS.
22. The method of claim 20 wherein the set of conditions relate to at least one criterion selected from a set consisting of source address and destination address.
23. The method of claim 20 wherein the set of conditions relate to at least one criterion selected from a set consisting of source address, destination address, protocol field, type of service field, source port number, and destination port number.
24. The method of claim 20 wherein the set of conditions relate to at least one criterion relating to an attribute of the received packet that is not provided as data included in the received packet.