1. A method of treating or preventing a metabolic disorder in an equine comprising administering one or more SGLT2 inhibitors or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metabolic disorder is one or more disorders selected from laminitis, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, hepatic lipidosis, atherosclerosis, hyperadrenocorticism, Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction andor Equine Metabolic Syndrome.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metabolic disorder is a clinical condition or sign associated with insulin resistance or hyperinsulinaemia.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein said laminitis, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, hepatic lipidosis, atherosclerosis, hyperadrenocorticism, Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction andor Equine Metabolic Syndrome is associated with insulin resistance andor hyperinsulinemia.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metabolic disorder is hyperinsulinemia andor insulin resistance, and wherein said hyperinsulinemia andor insulin resistance is associated with one or more of laminitis, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, hepatic lipidosis, atherosclerosis, hyperadrenocorticism, Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction andor Equine Metabolic Syndrome.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the equine animal is a horse or a pony.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the equine animal is obese andor exhibits regional adiposity or wherein the equine animal is not obese andor is present with muscle wasting andor exhibits hyperglycemia.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable form is a crystalline complex between the one or more SGLT2 inhibitors and one or more amino acids.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the one or more amino acids is proline.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more SGLT2 inhibitors or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof is administered orally or parenterally.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein said one or more SGLT2 inhibitors or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof is administered orally.
12. The method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more SGLT2 inhibitor or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof is administered in a range of from 0.01 to 3.0 mgkg body weight per day.
13. The method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more SGLT2 inhibitor or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof is administered in a range of from 0.02 to 1.0 mgkg body weight per day.
14. The method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more SGLT2 inhibitor or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof is administered in a range of from 0.03 to 0.4 mgkg body weight per day.
15. The method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more SGLT2 inhibitor or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof is administered once per day.
16. The method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more SGLT2 inhibitors or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof is a glucopyranosyl-substituted benzene derivative.
17. The method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more SGLT2 inhibitors or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof are selected from the group consisting of:
(1) a glucopyranosyl-substituted benzene derivative of the formula (1)
wherein R1 denotes cyano, Cl or methyl;
R2 denotes H, methyl, methoxy or hydroxyl; and
R3 denotes cyclopropyl, hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, 3-methyl-but-1-yl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 1-hydroxy-cyclopropyl, 1-hydroxy-cyclobutyl, 1-hydroxy-cyclopentyl, 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl, ethinyl, ethoxy, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 2-hydroxyl-ethyl, hydroxymethyl, 3-hydroxy-propyl, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-prop-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-1-yl, 1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-trifluoromethyl-ethyl, 2-methoxy-ethyl, 2-ethoxy-ethyl, hydroxy, difluoromethyloxy, trifluoromethyloxy, 2-methyloxy-ethyloxy, methylsulfanyl, methylsulfinyl, methlysulfonyl, ethylsulfinyl, ethylsulfonyl, trimethylsilyl, (R)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy or (S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy or cyano,
or a derivative thereof wherein one or more hydroxyl groups of the \u03b2-D-glucopyranosyl group are acylated with groups selected from (C1-18-alkyl)carbonyl, (C1-18-alkyl)oxycarbonyl, phenyl carbonyl and phenyl-(C1-3-alkyl)-carbonyl;
(2) 1-cyano-2-(4-cyclopropyl-benzyl)-4-(\u03b2-D-glucopyranos-1-yl)-benzene, represented by formula (2):
(3) Dapagliflozin, represented by formula (3):
(4) Canagliflozin, represented by formula (4):
(6) Luseogliflozin, represented by formula (6):
(7) Tofogliflozin, represented by formula (7):
(8) Ipragliflozin, represented by formula (8):
(9) Ertugliflozin, represented by formula (9):
(10) Atigliflozin, represented by formula (10):
(11) Remogliflozin, represented by formula (11):
(12) a thiophene derivative of the formula (12)
wherein R denotes methoxy or trifluoromethoxy;
(13) 1-(\u03b2-D-glucopyranosyl)-4-methyl-3-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-thienylmethylbenzene;
represented by formula (13);
(14) a spiroketal derivative of the formula (14):
wherein R denotes methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, ethyl, isopropyl or tert butyl;
(15) a pyrazole-O-glucoside derivative of the formula (15)
wherein
R1 denotes C1-3-alkoxy,
L1, L2 independently of each other denote H or F,
R6 denotes H, (C1-3-alkyl)carbonyl, (C1-6-alkyl)oxycarbonyl, phenyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl or benzylcarbonyl;
(16) a compound of the formula (16):
(17) Sergliflozin, represented by formula (17):
(18) a compound represented by formula (18):
wherein R3 is selected from cyclopropyl, ethyl, ethinyl, ethoxy, (R)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy or (S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy.
18. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the one or more SGLT2 inhibitors or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof of claim 1.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A roof for a vehicle, the roof comprising:
a lever movable about an axis point in opposite first and second swivel directions;
a front roof part movable in opposite opening and closing longitudinal directions, wherein the front roof part is connectable to the lever and is disconnectable from the lever; and
a rear roof part movable in opposite opening and closing pivot directions generally perpendicular to the opening and closing longitudinal directions of the front roof part, wherein the rear roof part is connected to the lever such that the rear roof part moves in the opening pivot direction when the lever moves in the first swivel direction and such that the rear roof part moves in the closing pivot direction when the lever moves in the second swivel direction;
wherein the front roof part moves the lever in the first swivel direction when moving in the opening longitudinal direction while connected to the lever such that the rear roof part moves in the opening pivot direction until the front roof part disconnects from the lever;
wherein the front roof part moves the lever in the second swivel direction when moving in the closing longitudinal direction upon connecting to the lever such that the rear roof part moves in the closing pivot direction.
2. The roof of claim 1 wherein:
the lever includes first and second arms, wherein the first lever arm connects to the front roof part and disconnects from the front roof part, wherein the second lever arm is connected to the rear roof part.
3. The roof of claim 2 wherein:
each lever arm includes a free end and a fixed end, wherein each fixed end is connected to the axis point, wherein the free end of the first lever arm connects to the front roof part to connect the first lever arm to the front roof part and disconnects from the front roof part to disconnect the first lever arm from the front roof part, wherein the free end of the second lever arm is connected to the rear roof part to connect the second lever arm to the rear roof part.
4. The roof of claim 3 wherein:
the front roof part includes a first retainer and the rear roof part includes a second retainer;
wherein the free end of the first lever arm connects to the first retainer of the front roof part to connect the first lever arm to the front roof part and disconnects from the first retainer of the front roof part to disconnect the first lever arm from the front roof part;
wherein the free end of the second lever arm is connected to the second retainer of the rear roof part to connect the second lever arm to the rear roof part.
5. The roof of claim 4 wherein:
the front roof part includes a front border and a rear border, and the rear roof part includes a front border and a rear border;
wherein the first retainer of the front roof part adjoins the rear border of the front roof part;
wherein the second retainer of the rear roof part adjoins the front border of the rear roof part.
6. The roof of claim 5 wherein:
the first retainer of the front roof part includes a first control linkage and the second retainer of the rear roof part includes a second control linkage;
wherein the free end of the first lever arm includes a first control pin and the free end of the second lever arm includes a second control pin;
wherein the first control pin of the free end of the first lever arm engages the first control linkage of the first retainer of the front roof part to connect the first lever arm to the front roof part, and the first control pin of the free end of the first lever arm disengages from the first control linkage of the first retainer of the front roof part to disconnect the first lever arm from the front roof part;
wherein the second control pin of the free end of the second lever arm is engaged with the second control linkage of the second retainer of the rear roof part to connect the second lever arm to the rear roof part.
7. The roof of claim 6 wherein:
each control linkage has an oval shape.
8. The roof of claim 6 wherein:
the first retainer of the front roof part is open at a front side as viewed in the direction of forward vehicle travel.
9. The roof of claim 2 wherein:
the lever is U-shaped, the legs of which respectively form the lever arms.
10. The roof of claim 1 wherein:
the rear roof part includes a front border and a rear border;
wherein the rear roof part is supported on the vehicle body via a rotational axis adjoining the rear border of the rear roof part, and the front border of the rear roof part can be lowered in the direction of a passenger compartment of the vehicle interior.
11. A roof for a vehicle, the roof comprising:
a lever;
a front roof part, wherein the front roof part is longitudinally slidable; and
a rear roof part;
wherein the front roof part cooperates with the rear roof part via the lever such that upon an opening longitudinal motion of the front roof part the lever lowers the rear roof part in a forcibly guided manner and upon a closing longitudinal motion of the front roof part the lever raises the rear roof part;
wherein the lever decouples from the front roof part in an opened position of the front roof part.
12. A roof for a vehicle, the roof comprising:
a lever movable about an axis point in opposite first and second swivel directions;
a front roof part movable in opposite opening and closing longitudinal directions, the front roof part having a front border and a rear border, wherein the front roof part is connectable to the lever and is disconnectable from the lever; and
a rear roof part movable in opposite opening and closing pivot directions generally perpendicular to the opening and closing longitudinal directions of the front roof part, the rear roof part having a front border and a rear border, wherein the rear roof part is connected to the lever such that the rear roof part moves in the opening pivot direction when the lever moves in the first swivel direction and such that the rear roof part moves in the closing pivot direction when the lever moves in the second swivel direction;
wherein the front roof part moves the lever in the first swivel direction when moving in the opening longitudinal direction while connected to the lever such that the rear roof part moves in the opening pivot direction until the front roof part disconnects from the lever and the rear border of the front roof part lies above the front border of the rear roof part;
wherein the front roof part moves the lever in the second swivel direction when moving in the closing longitudinal direction upon connecting to the lever such that the rear roof part moves in the closing pivot direction and the rear border of the front roof part lies flush to the front border of the rear roof part in a generally common plane.
13. The roof of claim 12 wherein:
the lever includes first and second arms, wherein the first lever arm connects to the front roof part and disconnects from the front roof part, wherein the second lever arm is connected to the rear roof part.
14. The roof of claim 12 wherein:
the axis point of the lever is fixable to a vehicle body bearing.
15. The roof of claim 12 wherein:
the axis point defines a rotational axis transverse to the opening and closing longitudinal directions of the front roof part.