What is claimed is:
1. A nonreciprocal circuit device comprising:
a permanent magnet;
a magnetic material; and
a plurality of center conductors arranged on the magnetic material, said permanent magnet, said magnetic material, and said center conductors being housed inside a metal case formed by bonding a plurality of metal members,
wherein a protruding portion is formed on a first bonding surface of at least one metal member among said plurality of metal members, the protruding portion contacts a second bonding surface of another one of said metal members, and the protruding portion is resistance-welded to the second bonding surface.
2. A nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 1, wherein said protruding portions are formed on only one of the first and second bonding surfaces of the metal members which are to be bonded together.
3. A nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 2, further comprising one additional protruding portion formed on said first bonding surface and resistance-welded to said second bonding surface.
4. A nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 2, further comprising two additional protruding portions formed on said first bonding surface and resistance-welded to said second bonding surface.
5. A nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 1, wherein the height of the protruding portion above said first bonding portion is 150 m or less.
6. A nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 1, wherein said metal members include an upper metal case and a lower metal case.
7. A communication device comprising at least one of a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit, and connected thereto, a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 1.
8. A case for a nonreciprocal circuit device, comprising:
an upper metal case and a lower metal case; one of said metal cases having a first bonding surface and the other of said metal cases having a second bonding surface;
a protruding portion being formed on said first bonding surface, said upper and lower metal cases being assembled with said protruding portion in contact with said second bonding surface so as to form a case for a nonreciprocal circuit device.
9. A case for a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 8, wherein said protruding portion and said second bonding surface comprise weld material which bonds together said upper and lower metal cases.
10. A case for a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 9, wherein said first bonding surface is on said upper metal case.
11. A case for a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 10, wherein said protruding portion contacts an inside surface of said lower metal case.
12. A method of manufacturing a nonreciprocal circuit device comprising a permanent magnet, a magnetic material, and a plurality of center conductors arranged on the magnetic material, wherein the permanent magnet, the magnetic material, and the center conductors are housed inside a metal case formed by bonding an upper metal case and a lower metal case at respective bonding surfaces thereof, said method comprising the steps of:
forming a protruding portion on a bonding surface of one of the upper metal case and the lower metal case;
disposing the upper metal case and the lower metal case so that the respective bonding surfaces including said protruding portion are brought into contact with each other;
applying pressure to the upper metal case and the lower metal case by electrode terminals of a resistance welder; and
applying welding current to said case via said electrode terminals so as to resistance-weld said respective bonding surfaces via said protruding portion.
13. A method of manufacturing a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 12, wherein said upper metal case is fitted into said lower metal case.
14. A method of manufacturing a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 13, wherein said protruding portion is formed on said upper metal case.
15. A method of manufacturing a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 12, wherein said protruding portion is formed on said upper metal case.
16. A method of manufacturing a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 12, wherein said pressure is applied to the upper metal case and the lower metal case in a direction perpendicular to the bonding surfaces.
17. A method of manufacturing a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 16, wherein said pressure is applied to the upper metal case and the lower metal case in a direction parallel to the bonding surfaces.
18. A method of manufacturing a nonreciprocal circuit device according to claim 12, wherein said pressure is applied to the upper metal case and the lower metal case in a direction parallel to the bonding surfaces.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A discontinuous drive power tool assembly for generating rotational torque, the tool assembly comprising:
a spindle having a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end portion being configured to engage and rotate an object;
a pulse hammer selectively engagable with the second end portion of the spindle;
a motor including a motor shaft having a first end portion engagable with the pulse hammer, the motor being configured to rotate the pulse hammer; and
a rotational position sensor disposed adjacent the motor, the rotational position sensor being configured to measure the rotational position of a second end portion of the motor shaft which is opposite the first end portion of the motor shaft during operation of the tool assembly, wherein the rotational position sensor comprises a magnet mounted to the second end portion of the motor shaft and an integrated circuit constructed and arranged to detect a rotational position of the magnet relative to a longitudinal axis of the motor shaft.
2. A discontinuous drive power tool assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a torque sensor configured to identify a moment in time when the tool is delivering a peak torque pulse to the object, the torque sensor being operatively connected to the integrated circuit so that the integrated circuit records the rotational position of the magnet at the time of the peak torque pulse.
3. A discontinuous drive power tool assembly according to claim 2, wherein the integrated circuit is programmed to record a plurality of rotational positions of the magnet with each position corresponding to different moment in time, and to add the plurality of rotational positions of the magnet for an absolute rotational position of the magnet, the motor shaft, the spindle, and the object.
4. A discontinuous drive power tool assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a coupler configured to selectively couple the pulse hammer and the motor shaft to the spindle to deliver a torque pulse to the spindle.
5. A discontinuous drive power tool assembly according to claim 1, wherein the motor is configured to rotate the spindle via the pulse hammer.
6. A discontinuous drive power tool assembly according to claim 1, wherein the tool assembly is configured to be powered by at least a compressed gas.
7. A sensing system for sensing a rotational position of a motor shaft of a discontinuous drive power tool assembly during operation of the tool assembly, the sensing system comprising:
a rotational position sensor disposed adjacent a rear end portion of the motor shaft, the rotational position sensor being configured to measure the rotational position of rear end portion of the motor shaft during operation of the tool assembly, the rotational position sensor comprising a magnet configured to be mounted to the rear end portion of the motor shaft and an integrated circuit constructed and arranged to detect a rotational position of the magnet relative to a longitudinal axis of the motor shaft during operation of the tool assembly; and
a torque sensor configured to identify a moment in time when the tool assembly is delivering a peak torque pulse to an object worked on by the tool assembly, the torque sensor being operatively connected to the integrated circuit so that the integrated circuit records the rotational position of the magnet at the time of the peak torque pulse.
8. A sensing system according to claim 7, wherein the integrated circuit is programmed to record a plurality of rotational positions of the magnet with each position corresponding to different moment in time, and to add the plurality of rotational positions of the magnet for an absolute rotational position of the magnet, the motor shaft, and the object.
9. A method for measuring angular displacement of an object rotated by a discontinuous drive power tool assembly, the method comprising:
sensing rotation of a shaft of a motor;
identifying a moment event when the shaft of the motor ceases or slows rotation concurrently with delivery of a peak torque pulse by the discontinuous drive power tool assembly;
measuring a first rotational reference angle position related to the angular displacement of the shaft of the motor when the moment event occurs;
rotating the motor shaft a predetermined amount;
identifying a subsequent moment event when an output shaft of the discontinuous drive power tool assembly delivers a torque pulse; and
measuring a subsequent rotational angle position related to the angular displacement of the shaft of the motor when the subsequent moment event occurs.
10. A method according to claim 9, further comprising storing the first rotational reference angle position and storing the second rotational angle position.
11. A method according to claim 10, further comprising determining the rotational angular displacement between the first rotational angle position and the subsequent rotational angle position.
12. A method according to claim 9, wherein the moment event and the subsequent moment event are identified by a torque sensor.
13. A method according to claim 9, wherein the first rotational reference angle position and the subsequent rotational angle position are measured with a rotational position sensor.