1. A terminal apparatus comprising:
a receiver which, in operation, receives a control channel including a downlink assignment information indicating a resource for downlink data, the downlink data being allocated on a cell, and receives the downlink data;
a generator which, in operation, generates a response signal to the downlink data; and
a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the response signal, wherein:
when a plurality of response signals to a plurality of downlink data on a plurality of cells are transmitted with channel selection and the downlink assignment information for a primary cell is included in a first control channel that is transmitted on a Control Channel Element (CCE) of a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) region, the plurality of response signals are transmitted using one of a plurality of resources including a first resource determined by a first method according to which the first resource is determined from an index of the CCE of the PDCCH region; and
when the plurality of response signals to the plurality of downlink data on the plurality of cells are transmitted with channel selection and the downlink assignment information for the primary cell is included in a second control channel that is different from the first control channel, the plurality of response signals are transmitted using one of a plurality of resources including a second resource determined by a second method that is different from the first method.
2. The terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
when a plurality of response signals to a plurality of downlink data on a plurality of cells are transmitted using a format, in which a concatenation of the plurality of response signals is included, and the downlink assignment information is included in the first control channel, the plurality of response signals are transmitted using the second resource; and
when a plurality of response signals to a plurality of downlink data on a plurality of cells are transmitted using a format, in which a concatenation of the plurality of response signals is included, and the downlink assignment information is included in the second control channel, the plurality of response signals are transmitted using the second resource.
3. The terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in the second method, the second resource is determined regardless of the index of the CCE of the PDCCH region.
4. The terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in the second method, the second resource is determined based on information signaled per terminal from a base station and regardless of the index of the CCE of the PDCCH region.
5. The terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second control channel is transmitted on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) region that is different from the PDCCH region.
6. The terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, when uplink data is transmitted, the response signal is transmitted using a resource allocated for the uplink data.
7. A communication method comprising:
receiving a control channel including a downlink assignment information indicating a resource for downlink data, the downlink data being allocated on a cell;
receiving the downlink data;
generating a response signal to the downlink data; and
transmitting the response signal, wherein:
when a plurality of response signals to a plurality of downlink data on a plurality of cells are transmitted with channel selection and the downlink assignment information for a primary cell is included in a first control channel that is transmitted on a Control Channel Element (CCE) of a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) region, the plurality of response signals are transmitted using one of a plurality of resources including a first resource determined by a first method according to which the first resource is determined from an index of the CCE of the PDCCH region; and
when the plurality of response signals to the plurality of downlink data on the plurality of cells are transmitted with channel selection and the downlink assignment information for the primary cell is included in a second control channel that is different from the first control channel, the plurality of response signals are transmitted using one of a plurality of resources including a second resource determined by a second method that is different from the first method.
8. The communication method according to claim 7, wherein:
when a plurality of response signals to a plurality of downlink data on a plurality of cells are transmitted using a format, in which a concatenation of the plurality of response signals is included, and the downlink assignment information is included in the first control channel, the plurality of response signals are transmitted using the second resource; and
when a plurality of response signals to a plurality of downlink data on a plurality of cells are transmitted using a format, in which a concatenation of the plurality of response signals is included, and the downlink assignment information is included in the second control channel, the plurality of response signals are transmitted using the second resource.
9. The communication method according to claim 7, wherein, in the second method, the second resource is determined regardless of the index of the CCE of the PDCCH region.
10. The communication method according to claim 7, wherein, in the second method, the second resource is determined based on information signaled per terminal from a base station and regardless of the index of the CCE of the PDCCH region.
11. The communication method according to claim 7, wherein the second control channel is transmitted on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) region that is different from the PDCCH region.
12. The communication method according to claim 7, wherein, when uplink data is transmitted, the response signal is transmitted using a resource allocated for the uplink data.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for reducing distortions incurred by an audio signal when being rendered by an electronic device, the method comprising:
receiving an input signal;
determining a signal strength based on the input signal;
determining a frequency-dependent AGC filter; wherein the frequency-dependent AGC filter is configured to selectively attenuate the input signal within a number N of predetermined frequency ranges, N being an integer, N>0, according to corresponding N degrees of attenuation; wherein the N predetermined frequency ranges depend upon a rendering characteristic of the electronic device; wherein the N degrees of attenuation depend upon the signal strength; wherein each of the N predetermined frequency ranges comprises a center frequency and an distortion bandwidth; wherein the input signal comprises non-distorting components at frequencies which are not comprised within the N predetermined frequency ranges; and the non-distorting components are not substantially attenuated by the frequency-dependent AGC filter; and
attenuating the input signal using the frequency-dependent AGC filter to obtain an output signal for rendering by the electronic device.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the AGC filter comprises a sequence of N sub-filters, each one of the N sub-filters having a frequency response configured to selectively attenuate the input signal within a corresponding one of the N predetermined frequency ranges according to a corresponding one of the N degrees of attenuation.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the corresponding N sub-filters is a bi-quad IIR filter.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising
applying an emphasis filter to at least one of a copy of the input signal or a copy of the output signal to obtain a filtered signal; wherein the emphasis filter is configured to emphasize a signal within the N predetermined frequency ranges; wherein the emphasis filter comprises a sequence of N sub-emphasis-filters; wherein each one of the N sub-emphasis-filters has a frequency response configured to emphasize a signal within a corresponding one of the N predetermined frequency ranges; and
determining the signal strength based on the filtered signal.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising
determining N signal strengths based on the input signal in the N predetermined frequency ranges, respectively; and
determining the N degrees of attenuation based on the N signal strengths, respectively.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the rendering characteristic is represented by one or more of: a frequency dependent total harmonic distortion of the electronic device, an echo canceller performance of an echo canceller comprised within the electronic device, a battery level of a battery comprised within the electronic device and a volume setting of a volume controller comprised within the electronic device.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein
the method comprises determining whether the signal strength is greater than a predetermined signal strength threshold; and
the attenuating is only performed if the signal strength is greater than the predetermined signal strength threshold.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the N degrees of attenuation increase with increasing signal strength.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the N degrees of attenuation are also dependent on the rendering characteristic.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising delaying the input signal prior to attenuating the input signal.
11. An automatic gain controller configured to reduce distortions incurred by an audio signal when being rendered by an electronic device, the automatic gain controller comprising:
a gain controller configured to
determine a signal strength based on an input signal to be rendered by the electronic device; and
determine a frequency-dependent AGC filter; wherein the frequency-dependent AGC filter is configured to selectively attenuate the input signal within a number N of predetermined frequency ranges, N being an integer, N>0, according to corresponding N degrees of attenuation; wherein the N predetermined frequency ranges depend upon a rendering characteristic of the electronic device; wherein the N degrees of attenuation depend upon the signal strength; wherein each of the N predetermined frequency ranges comprises a center frequency and an distortion bandwidth; wherein the input signal comprises non-distorting components at frequencies which are not comprised within the N predetermined frequency ranges; and the non-distorting components are not substantially attenuated by the frequency-dependent AGC filter; and
an AGC filter unit configured to attenuate the input signal using the frequency-dependent AGC filter to obtain an output signal for rendering by the electronic device.
12. An electronic device comprising
a reception unit configured to receive an audio input signal for rendering at the electronic device;
a transducer configured to render an audio output signal derived from the audio input signal; and
an automatic gain controller according to claim 11, configured to determine the audio output signal from the audio input signal, such that nonlinear distortions caused by the rendering of the audio output signal are reduced compared to nonlinear distortions caused by the rendering of the audio input signal.
13. An Automatic Gain controller configured to apply a frequency-dependent AGC filter to receive signals comprising:
a gain controller comprising:
a signal strength determination unit configured to determine N sub-signal strengths of the receive signal for N predetermined frequency ranges, wherein N is an integer number N>0;
an AGC filter determination unit configured to select an AGC filter from an AGC filter database using the determined signal strength by the signal strength determination unit wherein the AGC filter selected to a receive signal of the AGC controller in a AGC filter unit; and
said AGC filter database comprising a plurality of pre-determined AGC filters, wherein each of the plurality of pre-determined AGC filters is configured to apply different degrees of attenuation within the N predetermined frequency ranges; wherein each of the N predetermined frequency ranges comprises a center frequency and an distortion bandwidth; wherein the receive signal comprises non-distorting components at frequencies which are not comprised within the N predetermined frequency ranges; and the non-distorting components are not substantially attenuated by the frequency-dependent AGC filter; and
said AGC filter unit yielding an attenuated receive signal.
14. The Automatic Gain controller of claim 13 wherein an emphasis filter is configured to emphasize frequency components of an input signal of the emphasis filter, which lie within the N predetermined frequency ranges, relative to the other frequency components of the input signal and yields a filtered signal instead of the receive signal to the signal strength determination unit.
15. The Automatic Gain controller of claim 14 wherein said input signal is a copy of the receive signal of the Automatic Gain controller.
16. The Automatic Gain controller of claim 14 wherein said input signal is a copy of an attenuated receive signal of the Automatic Gain controller.
17. The Automatic Gain controller of claim 13 wherein the receive signal is delayed in a delay unit to yield a delayed receive signal to the AGC filter unit in order to account for the processing time required to determine an appropriate gain factor for the receive signal.
18. The Automatic Gain controller of claim 13 wherein the receive signal is an analog signal.
19. The Automatic Gain controller of claim 13 wherein the receive signal is a digital signal.