1. A backup pneumatic water pressure device, comprising:
a water tank connected between a water supply and plumbing lines providing water service to a building structure, the water service relying upon a primary water pressure at the water supply, the water tank being pressurized and having an internal air bladder;
an air compressor connected to the air bladder, the air compressor being operated automatically when the primary water pressure is interrupted to pressurize the air bladder, the water pressure being controlled dynamically by automatically operating the air compressor when a water pressure within the tank is less than a preset lower pressure limit, the air compressor ceasing operation when the water pressure within the tank is greater than a preset upper pressure limit, and automatically relieving pressure from the air bladder when the primary water pressure is restored, thereby restoring water in the water tank;
a power supply for the air compressor; and
a check valve between the water supply and the water tank to maintain pressure in the water tank provided by operation of the air compressor when there is a loss of water pressure from the water supply.
2. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 1, wherein the water pressure is measured by a pressure sensor switch connected to the water tank and integrated within a control unit operable to apply power from the independent power supply to the air compressor.
3. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 1, further comprising one or more additional pressure tanks connected in series.
4. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 3, wherein each of the pressure tanks is controlled by its own control unit.
5. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 3, wherein a single control unit controls each of the pressure tanks.
6. A backup pneumatic water pressure device, comprising:
a water tank connected between a water supply and plumbing lines providing a water service, the water service relying upon a primary water pressure at the water supply;
means for automatically pressurizing the tank to maintain the water service through the plumbing lines when the primary water pressure is interrupted, said pressurizing means providing dynamic control of said backup pneumatic water pressure; and
means for relieving the pressure applied by said pressurizing means when the primary water pressure at the water supply is restored, thereby restoring water in the water tank.
7. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 6, wherein said pressuring means further comprises:
an inflatable air bladder inside the water tank;
an air compressor for inflating the air bladder; and
means for powering the air compressor automatically, responsive to interruption in the primary water pressure.
8. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 7, wherein the means for powering the air compressor comprises a storage battery.
9. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as is claim 7, further comprising means for recharging the storage battery.
10. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 9, wherein the recharging means is a solar power generator.
11. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 7, wherein said relieving and restoring means further comprises:
means for sensing restoration of the primary water pressure;
means for disconnecting the air compressor from power responsive to said sensing means; and
means for opening a relief valve attached to the air bladder in response to said sensing means.
12. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 11, wherein said sensing means is a relay connected to a power outlet in a building structure housing the backup water pressure device.
13. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 7, wherein said powering means is adapted to turn the air compressor on when a pressure in the water tank is less than a pre-set lower limit and turn the air compressor off when the pressure in the water tank is greater than a pre-set upper limit.
14. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 13, wherein the pre-set lower limit and the pre-set upper limit are adjusted to limit a cycling strain on the air compressor.
15. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 13, wherein the air compressor is sized in relation to a capacity of the water tank and in relation to an estimated water usage demand to limit a cycling strain on the air compressor.
16. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 6, further comprising means for detecting said interruption in the primary water pressure.
17. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 16, wherein said interruption detection means is a relay connected to a power outlet in a building structure housing the backup water pressure device.
18. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 6, further comprising one or more additional pressure tanks connected in series.
19. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 18, wherein each of the pressure tanks is controlled by its own control unit.
20. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 18, wherein a single control unit controls each of the pressure tanks.
21. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 6, wherein the water service is provided to a hose bib.
22. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 21, wherein the water service to the hose bib is provided via a building structure.
23. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 21, wherein the water supply is provided by a well pump.
24. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 6, wherein the water service is provided to a building structure.
25. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 24, wherein the water service at the building structure is available on demand to water outlets including faucets, toilets, appliances and hose bibs.
26. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 25, wherein water service to the hose bibs is shut off during a backup emergency.
27. A backup pneumatic water pressure device as in claim 6, wherein the water supply is provided by one of the group comprising a well pump, public water utility, and community water system.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An exhaust system comprising:
an exhaust system area in which condensate accumulates and in which accumulation of condensate may take place depending on operating states andor environmental parameters;
a heating means with a heating device positioned in the area in which condensate accumulates, wherein the heating device heats andor evaporates accumulated condensate.
2. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the heating device has at least one heat-conducting element transmitting heat from an area of the exhaust system with a temperature higher than the temperature of the area in which condensate accumulates to said area in which condensate accumulates.
3. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the heating device is an electrically heatable heating device.
4. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the heating device includes a Peltier element.
5. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said heating device includes a memory element equipped with a temperature-dependent shape memory, the memory element assuming at least two different geometric states depending on the temperature of at least the memory element.
6. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the heating device is arranged inside andor outside at the exhaust system andor such that the heating device passes through at least one wall of the exhaust system.
7. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein at least one heating device is arranged in a flow path through which exhaust gas flows andor in a secondary area of the exhaust system, through which no exhaust gas flows.
8. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the exhaust system has an insulation arranged on the outside andor on the inside in at least one area in which condensate accumulates.
9. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the exhaust system has a splash guard arranged on the outside of the area in which condensate accumulates.
10. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 1, wherein at least one heating device is designed such that it is controlled as a function of at least one operating state and at least one environmental parameter.