1. A method of manufacturing a solar cell device, comprising:
providing a substrate having a first dielectric layer disposed on a first side of the substrate and a second dielectric layer disposed on a second side of the substrate;
selectively disposing a first metal paste in a first pattern on at least a portion of the first dielectric layer;
selectively disposing a second metal paste in a second pattern on a surface of the second dielectric layer, wherein the second dielectric layer is disposed between the portions of the second metal paste and the second side of the substrate; and
simultaneously heating the first and the second metal pastes disposed on the first and the second dielectric layers to form a first group of contacts in the first dielectric layer and a second group of contacts in the second dielectric layer, wherein at least a portion of the second metal paste forms a plurality of contact regions that each extend through the second dielectric layer from the surface of the second dielectric layer to the second side of the substrate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second metal paste comprises aluminum, and the second dielectric layer comprises aluminum oxide.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
coupling a conductive layer to the contact regions formed in the second dielectric layer.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the conductive layer comprises an aluminum, copper or tin foil.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first metal paste comprises silver.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the second metal paste comprises aluminum.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric layer is a dielectric layer selected from a group consisting of silicon oxide layer, silicon nitride layer, silicon oxynitride layer or combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the second dielectric layer comprises an aluminum oxide layer.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the second dielectric layer comprises an aluminum oxide layer and a silicon nitride layer, wherein the silicon nitride layer is disposed on the aluminum oxide layer.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein selectively disposing the first metal paste on the first dielectric layer further comprises forming a metal bus line layer on the first group of contact metal paste.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the metal bus line layer is a aluminum layer.
12. A method of manufacturing a solar cell device, comprising:
providing a substrate having a first dielectric layer disposed on a first side of the substrate and a second dielectric layer disposed on a second side of the substrate, wherein the second dielectric layer comprises a first layer disposed on a second layer that is disposed on the second side of the substrate;
selectively disposing a first metal paste in a first pattern on at least a portion of the first dielectric layer;
performing a laser removal process to remove a portion of the first layer from the second side of the substrate to form openings in the first layer;
selectively disposing a second metal paste in a second pattern on a first layer of the second dielectric layer, and a portion of the second metal paste filling at least a portion of the openings formed in the first layer;
simultaneously heating the first and the second metal pastes disposed on the first and the second dielectric layers to form a first group of contacts in the first dielectric layer and a second group of contacts in the second dielectric layer, wherein at least a portion of the second metal paste forms a plurality of contact regions that each extend through the second dielectric layer from a surface of the first layer to the second side of the substrate.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
coupling a conductive layer to the contact regions formed in the second dielectric layer.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the conductive layer comprises an aluminum, copper or tin foil.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the first layer of the second dielectric layer is a silicon nitride layer and the second layer of the second dielectric layer is a aluminum oxide layer.
16. The method of claim 12, wherein selectively disposing the first metal paste on the first dielectric layer further comprises forming a metal bus line layer on the first group of contact metal paste.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the metal bus line layer is a aluminum layer.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein the first metal paste comprises silver and the second metal paste comprises aluminum.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system for optimizing the operation of solar plants, comprising:
a server responsible for collecting general prediction data of a data satellite service;
an electric grid server collecting data referring to electric energy market prices,
a control unit comprising:
a plurality of expert modules, including:
a meteorological module in communication with the server receiving the prediction data from the latter;
a plant module including a dynamic model of the plant which reproduces the physical and dynamic characteristics of the solar plant;
an electric market module for collecting the data coming from the electric grid server; and
an optimization module, from which the parameters relating to the operation of the solar plant are specified and optimized by reiterated simulations, in which the values and states of the plant are modified;
a database storing the prediction data obtained by the meteorological module and the data referring to the electric energy market prices coming from the electric market module;
a user interface allowing a user to access the information stored in the database, manipulate said information and work with each expert module to define the conditions suitable for operating and optimizing activities of the solar plant;
wherein the optimization module is configured to obtain the data referring to the electric energy market prices from the database and to send simulation conditions to the plant module according to the conditions configured by the user through the user interface;
and wherein the plant module is configured to obtain the prediction data from the database and update the dynamic model of the plant, and to send the results of the simulation obtained according to the simulation conditions established by the optimization module.
2. The system for optimizing the operation of solar plants according to claim 1, wherein the optimization module containing sub-modules which contain the data and generate the graphic representation of the meteorological parameters, the graphic representation of the market prices indicating the real and estimated values.
3. The system for optimizing the operation of solar plants according to claim 1, wherein the real operation of the plant being consulted by the plant module.
4. The system for optimizing the operation of solar plants according to claim 1, wherein the plant module allowing combining various element, design and configuration options of the facility together with the parameters provided by the remaining modules to provide an energy output to be produced.
5. The system for optimizing the operation of solar plants according to claim 1, wherein the plant module reproduces the control and the physical and dynamic characteristics of the plant, in combination with the appropriate prognosis of the electric demand and the solar resources.
6. The system for optimizing the operation of solar plants according to claim 1, the optimization module comprising a solar resource sub-module by which the estimated and real data of the meteorological variables are consulted, said data, which is read directly from the database, being collected by the meteorological module.
7. The system for optimizing the operation of solar plants according to claim 1, the prediction data comprising meteorological and radiation variables.
8. The system for optimizing the operation of solar plants according to claim 1, wherein the electric market module generates predictions of the prices of each kilowatt-hour and supplies them the predictions to the database such that the predictions are stored, organized and can be supplied to the plant module.