1. A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, comprising a lithium composite oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:
LiLizAO2
A={M11-x-y(M10.78Mn0.22)x}M2y\u2003\u2003Chemical Formula 1
wherein, M1 and M2 are independently one or more selected from a transition element, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof, and M1 and M2 are elements that are different from each other, and \u22120.05\u2266z\u22660.1, 0.8\u2266x+y\u22661.8, 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35, and Ni has an oxidation number of 2.01 to 2.4.
2. The cathode active material of claim 1, wherein the z, x, and y are in the following ranges of \u22120.03\u2266z\u22660.09, 1.0\u2266x+y\u22661.8, and 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35.
3. The cathode active material of claim 1, wherein M1 is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ti, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, La, Ce, and a combination thereof, and
M2 is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ti, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, La, Ce, and a combination thereof.
4. The cathode active material of claim 2, wherein M1 is Ni and M2 is Co.
5. The cathode active material of claim 1, wherein the lithium composite oxide is a secondary particle assembled by primary particles, and the secondary particle is spherical.
6. The cathode active material of claim 5, wherein the primary particle has an average long particle diameter ranging from 50 nm to 2.5 \u03bcm.
7. The cathode active material of claim 6, wherein the primary particle has an average long particle diameter ranging from 200 nm to 2.3 \u03bcm.
8. A lithium secondary battery comprising:
a cathode comprising a lithium composite oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 cathode active material;
an anode comprising an anode active material; and
an electrolyte:
LiLizAO2
A={M11-x-y(M10.78Mn0.22)x}M2y\u2003\u2003Chemical Formula 1
wherein, M1 and M2 are independently one or more selected from a transition element, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof, M1 and M2 are elements that are different from each other, \u22120.05\u2266z\u22660.1, 0.8\u2266x+y\u22661.8, and 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35, and Ni has an oxidation number of 2.01 to 2.4, \u22120.05\u2266z\u22660.1, 0.8\u2266x+y\u22661.8, 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35, and Ni has an oxidation number of 2.01 to 2.4.
9. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein the z, x, and y are in the following ranges of \u22120.03\u2266z\u22660.09, 1.0\u2266x+y\u22661.8, and 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35.
10. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein M1 is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ti, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, La, Ce, and a combination thereof, and
M2 is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ti, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, La, Ce, and a combination thereof.
11. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein M1 is Ni and M2 is Co.
12. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein the lithium composite oxide is a secondary particle assembled by primary particles and is spherical.
13. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein the primary particle has an average long particle diameter ranging from 50 nm to 2.5 \u03bcm.
14. The lithium secondary battery of claim 13, wherein the primary particle has an average long particle diameter ranging from 200 nm to 2.3 \u03bcm.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for fusing vertebrae, comprising the steps of:
providing an implant member for positioning between opposed bone structures, the implant member having a first end and a second end, and a segmentable portion having an outer wall defining an internal cavity for reception of bone growth inducing substances, the outer wall having at least one groove which extends substantially continuously about the outer wall to define a plurality of discrete ring-like segments, each ring-like segment including a plurality of apertures extending therethrough in communication with the internal cavity to permit fusion of vertebral bone tissue;
accessing the vertebral space defined between adjacent vertebral bodies;
determining the desired implant member length for insertion into the space between the adjacent vertebral bodies by using one of the grooves as a cutting andor measurement guide;
cutting the implant member to the desired length; and
advancing the implant member within the vertebral space between the adjacent vertebral bodies.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of packing the implant member with bone growth inducing substances.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first end andor the second end of the implant member is dimensioned to engage an end cap.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of mounting an end cap to the first end or second end of the implant member.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the implant member includes a plurality of grooves which extend substantially continuously about the outer wall to define a plurality of discrete ring-like segments.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the height of at least two of the ring-like segments are varied.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the grooves are oriented parallel to each other.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the end cap includes a face having at least one aperture disposed therethrough which communicates with the internal cavity to permit fusion of vertebral bone tissue.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the face of the end cap includes a plurality of apertures disposed therethrough which are arranged in an array-like manner about the face.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the end cap includes a face having a plurality of detents which extend outwardly therefrom, which serve to anchor the fusion apparatus to the bone structure.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the detents are arranged radially about the face of the end cap.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the detents are a spike-like configuration.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the detents are arcuately-shaped and have a triangular cross-section.
14. The method of claim 4, wherein the end cap includes at least one mechanical interface which engages the corresponding first or second end of the implant member.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the mechanical interface of the end cap includes a plurality of locking pins which engage the first or second end of the implant member.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the mechanical interface of the end cap includes a diametrically tapered inner diameter, which is dimensioned for friction-fit engagement within the first or second end of the implant member.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the mechanical interface of the end cap is generally C-shaped and includes:
two opposing ends which define a slit therebetween; and
a flange which is dimensioned to engage in annular recess disposed within the first or second end of the implant member.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the mechanical interface of the end cap includes two opposing arcuately-shaped retaining sleeves which extend concentrically within an inner periphery of the end cap and are dimensioned to engage the annular recess within the first or second end of the implant member.
19. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:
providing a second implant member for positioning between the opposed bone structures, the second implant member having a first end and a second end, and a segmentable portion having an outer wall defining an internal cavity for reception of bone growth inducing substances, the outer wall having at least one groove which extends substantially continuously about the outer wall to define a plurality of discrete ring-like segments, each ring-like segment including a plurality of apertures extending therethrough in communication with the internal cavity to permit fusion of vertebral bone tissue;
accessing the vertebral space defined between adjacent vertebral bodies;
determining the desired second implant member length for insertion into the space between the adjacent vertebral bodies by using one of the grooves as a cutting andor measurement guide;
cutting the second implant member to the desired length; and
advancing the second implant member within the vertebral space between the adjacent vertebral bodies.
20. The method of claim 19, further including the step of arranging the implant members in a side-by-side relation.