1-12. (canceled)
13. A method of forming an organic polymeric particle, comprising:
forming a core of an organic hydrophilic polymer with monomers that contains an acid group, a latent acid group, or a combination thereof;
forming a shell that comprises an organic polymer with monomers that contains an acid group, a latent acid group, or a combination thereof to encapsulate the core, where the shell has an initial size; expanding the core to form a hollow porous structure from the shell, where the hollow porous structure has an expanded size larger than an initial size of the shell; and
hydrolyzing the acid group, the latent acid group or the combination thereof of the hollow porous structure and the organic hydrophilic polymer to give the organic polymeric particle a void volume fraction of 40 percent to 85 percent.
14. The method of claim 13, where hydrolyzing the acid groups, latent acid groups or the combination thereof of the hollow porous structure forms pores in the hollow porous structure.
15. The method of claim 14, including adjusting a size of the pores in the hollow porous structure by adjusting an amount of the acid group, the latent acid group, or the combination thereof used in forming the organic polymer of the shell.
16. The method of claim 1, including adjusting the organic polymeric particle void volume fraction by adjusting an amount of the organic hydrophilic polymer used to form the core.
17. The method of claim 1, including crosslinking the organic hydrophilic polymer of the core.
18. The method of claim 1, where forming the shell includes forming the shell from 5 to 10 weight parts of an acrylate monomer and 95 to 90 weight parts of a styrene monomer.
19. The method of claim 1, where forming the core includes forming the core from 5 to 95 weight parts of monomers that contain an acid group, a latent acid group, or a combination thereof.
20. An organic polymeric particle comprising:
a. a core including a polymer including units deriving from the polymerization of acrylate monomer; and
b. a shell surrounding the core, where the shell includes a polymer having units deriving from the polymerization of styrene monomer and acrylate monomer selected from methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and combinations thereof; where the shell includes polymer having from 70 to 98 weight units deriving from the polymerization of styrene monomer, and from 2 to 30 weight units deriving from the polymerization of acrylate monomer.
21. The particle of claim 20, where the organic polymeric particle is a latex particle.
22. The particle of claim 20, where the core has a particle size of from 0.07 to 0.5 micron.
23. The particle of claim 20, where the core includes a polymer having units deriving from methacrylate monomer and acrylate monomer.
24. The particle of claim 23, where the acrylate monomer is methyl acrylate, and where the methacrylate monomer is methyl methacrylate.
25. The particle of claim 20, where the shell includes polymer having from 90 to 95 weight units deriving from the polymerization of styrene monomer, and from 5 to 10 weight units deriving from the polymerization of acrylate monomer.
26. The particle of claim 20, where the shell includes a polymer having units deriving from the polymerization of styrene monomer, acrylate monomer, and acid monomer.
27. A method for making a hollow porous particle, the method comprising the steps of:
a. providing an organic polymeric particle including a core including a polymer including units deriving from the polymerization of acrylate monomer; and a shell surrounding the core, where the shell includes a polymer having units deriving from the polymerization of styrene monomer and acrylate monomer selected from methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and combinations thereof; where the shell includes polymer having from 70 to 98 weight units deriving from the polymerization of styrene monomer, and from 2 to 30 weight units deriving from the polymerization of acrylate monomer; and
b. subjecting the organic polymeric particle to conditions that will hydrolyze the units deriving from the polymerization of acrylate monomer, to thereby provide a hollow porous particle.
28. The method of claim 27, where hollow porous particle has a void volume fraction of from 40 to 85 percent.
29. The method of claim 27, where the hollow porous particle has a pore surface area greater than 1 percent of the total theoretical exterior surface.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A hand-held drilling apparatus comprising:
a carriage mounting plate having at least one guide rail, a drill carriage slidably mounted on the at least one guide rail, a means for driving the drill carriage in forward and reverse directions along the guide rail, and a drill motor mounted on the drill carriage for rotating a drill bit having an axis of rotation oriented parallel to the guide rail;
a stationary plate guide mounted on the carriage mounting plate, a rear plate guide attached perpendicularly to the stationary plate guide, a movable plate guide slidably mounted to the rear plate guide, means to move the movable plate guide relative to the stationary plate guide in order to grip a workpiece between the plate guides, means to lock the movable plate guide in position when the workpiece is gripped, the stationary and movable plate guides being oriented perpendicularly to the axis of the drill bit, and a depth adjustment knob extending through the rear plate guide and perpendicularly to the axis of the drill bit in order to push against an edge of the workpiece to adjust the position of the axis of rotation of the drill bit relative to the edge of the workpiece;
two handgrips mounted on the carriage mounting plate adjacent the stationary and movable plate guides such that the hand grips are oriented generally perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the drill bit and generally parallel to the stationary and movable plate guides, wherein the operator will be oriented orthogonally relative to the axis of rotation of the drill bit;
a laser distance sensor mounted on the carriage mounting plate for measuring the distance between the carriage mounting plate and a reference surface generally parallel to the axis of the drill bit, such that the axis of the drill bit may be located at a desired distance from the reference surface when multiple holes are drilled on spaced workpieces.
2. The hand-held drilling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a shoulder strap mount located at each end of the carriage mounting plate for attachment of a strap that may be looped over the operator’s shoulder.
3. The hand-held drilling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
means for measuring the travel distance of the drill bit within the workpiece.
4. The hand-held drilling apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising:
means for setting the desired travel distance of the drill bit within the workpiece.
5. The hand-held drilling apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising:
workpiece detecting sensors, said sensors requiring activation prior to commencement of the drilling cycle.