1. A separator for separating entrained particles from a fluid flow, the separator comprising:
(a) a cyclone chamber an outer wall and a cyclonic flow region, the cyclonic flow region having a radial width, an outer peripheral portion, a medial portion disposed interior of the peripheral portion and an inner portion disposed interior of the medial portion;
(b) a fluid inlet for introducing a cyclonic fluid flow to the cyclonic flow region;
(c) a fluid outlet for removing the fluid flow from the cyclone chamber;
(d) a particle separating member positioned in the cyclone chamber beneath at least a portion of the cyclonic flow region, the particle separating member having a plurality of apertures; and,
(e) a particle receiving chamber disposed beneath the particle separating member for receiving particles passing into the particle receiving chamber through the apertures
wherein the apertures are disposed on the particle separating member such that the medial portion of the cyclonic flow region is substantially free from said apertures.
2. The separator of claim 1 wherein the peripheral portion of the cyclonic flow region comprises one quarter of the radial width of the cyclonic flow portion.
3. The separator of claim 2 wherein the medial portion of the cyclonic flow region comprises one half of the radial width of the cyclonic flow portion.
4. The separator of claim 1 wherein the particle receiving chamber comprises a sealed chamber except for the apertures.
5. The separator of claim 1 wherein the particle receiving chamber is in communication with a conduit for transporting separated particles downstream from the particle receiving chamber.
6. The separator of claim 1 further comprising:
(a) a cleaner head adapted for movement over a floor and having a fluid nozzle positionable adjacent the floor, the nozzle in fluid flow communication via a passageway with the separator fluid inlet;
(b) a handle for moving the cleaner head over the floor; and,
(c) a casing for housing the cyclone chamber.
7. The separator of claim 6 wherein the casing is pivotally mounted to the cleaner head.
8. The separator of claim 6 wherein the passageway comprises a flexible portion that is positioned external of the cleaner head and the casing and the handle is affixed to the cleaner head.
9. The separator of claim 1 wherein the apertures are sized to inhibit elongate particles from passing there through, whereby elongate particles collect on top of the particle separating member.
10. The separator of claim 1 wherein the apertures are shaped to aerodynamically direct particles from the cyclonic flow region into the particle receiving chamber.
11. The separator of claim 1 wherein the apertures comprise slits having longitudinally extending upstream and downstream edges relative to the fluid flow and transversely extending sides and the edges are longer than the sides.
12. The separator of claim 11 wherein the length of the edges are substantially aligned with the radial width of the cyclone chamber.
13. The separator of claim 11 wherein the length of the edges define a longitudinally extending axis which are at an angle of up to 45 \xb0 to the radius of the cyclonic flow region.
14. The separator of claim 1 wherein the apertures have an radial outer end and a radial inner end and the radial outer end is positioned adjacent the outer wall of the cyclone chamber.
15. The separator of claim 1 wherein the apertures have an upstream edge and downstream edge, relative to the fluid flow and the thickness of the particle separating member is reduced adjacent the upstream edge of the apertures.
16. The separator of claim 15 wherein the particle separating member has an upper surface and a lower surface and the upper surface is angled towards the particle receiving chamber adjacent the upstream edge and the lower surface is angled away from the aperture adjacent the downstream edge.
17. The separator of claim 1 wherein the particle separating member is disposed substantially perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the cyclonic flow region.
18. The separator of claim 1 wherein the particle separating member is disposed at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the cyclonic flow region.
19. The separator of claim 1 wherein the particle separating member is convex or concave.
20. The separator of claim 1 wherein the particle separating member extends under all of the cyclonic flow region to define bottom surface of the cyclonic flow region.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A communication connection bypass method for a connection-oriented network comprising a plurality of nodes that include an ingress node and an egress node, and a plurality of links that interconnect the plurality of nodes, a main communication connection being established in the connection-oriented network to connect the ingress node and the egress node, the main communication connection serving as a communication connection for transmitting data,
wherein said method comprises the step of establishing at least one backup communication connection with at least one node excluding the egress node and functioning as a starting node when a failure occurs at one of the nodes or links on the main communication connection, such that a data transfer route is switched from the main communication connection to said at least one backup communication connection,
wherein the route between the node functioning as the starting node for said at least one backup communication connection and the egress node is established such that the route does not include any of the links and nodes on the main communication connection.
wherein a plurality of the backup communication connections are established, and one of the backup communication connections merges into another one of the backup communication connections at a node en route.
2. A node for use in a connection-oriented network comprising a plurality of nodes that include an ingress node and an egress node, and a plurality of links that interconnect the plurality of nodes, a main communication connection being established in the connection-oriented network to connect the ingress node and the egress node, the main communication connection serving as a communication connection for transmitting data,
wherein each of the nodes excluding the egress node comprises:
means for calculating a route that does not include any of the links and nodes on the main communication connection between the node and the egress node; and
means for establishing a backup communication connection on the calculated route for protecting the main communication connection,
wherein a plurality of the backup communication connections are established, and one of the backup communication connections merges into another one of the backup communication connections at a node en route.
3. A node according to claim 2, wherein the ingress node establishes the backup communication connection when the setup of the main communication connection is completed.
4. A node according to claim 2, wherein, when the setup of the backup communication connection is completed, the ingress node transmits a message requesting the setup of an additional backup communication connection to a next-hop node on the main communication connection.
5. A node according to claim 2, wherein, upon receiving a message requesting the setup of a backup communication connection from a previous-hop node on the main communication connection, each of the nodes excluding the ingress node and the egress node establishes the backup communication connection.
6. A node according to claim 5, wherein, when the setup of the backup communication connection is completed, each of the nodes excluding the ingress node and the egress node transmits a message requesting the setup of an additional backup communication connection to a next-hop node on the main communication connection.
7. A node according to claim 5, wherein, when the setup of the backup communication connection is completed, each of the nodes excluding the ingress node and the egress node transmits a message to the ingress node for notifying that the setup of the backup communication connection is completed.
8. A node according to claim 5, wherein, when the setup of the backup communication connection is completed, each of the nodes excluding the ingress node and the egress node determines whether or not the node is located at a hop directly before the egress node, and when the node is located at the hop directly before the egress node, said each of the nodes transmits a message to the ingress node for notifying that the setup of all backup communication connections for protecting the main communication connection is completed.
9. A node according to claim 2, wherein, upon receiving a message requesting the setup of a backup communication connection from a next-hop node on the main communication connection, each of the nodes excluding the ingress node and the egress node establishes the backup communication connection.
10. A node according to claim 9, wherein, when the setup of the backup communication connection is completed, each of the nodes excluding the ingress node and the egress node transmits a message requesting the setup of an additional backup communication connection to a previous-hop node on the main communication connection.
11. A node according to claim 2, wherein, upon receiving a message requesting the setup of a backup communication connection from a previous-hop node on the main communication connection, the egress node transmits to the ingress node a message for notifying that the setup of all backup communication connections for protecting the main communication connection is completed.
12. A server for use in a connection-oriented network comprising a plurality of nodes that include an ingress node and an egress node, a plurality of links that interconnect the plurality of nodes, and at least one server capable of communicating with the plurality of nodes, a main communication connection being established in the connection-oriented network to connect the ingress node and the egress node, the main communication connection serving as a communication connection for transmitting data,
wherein, when a failure occurs at one of the nodes or links on the main communication connection in the connection-oriented network, at least one backup communication connection is established with at least one node excluding the egress node and functioning as a starting node, and a data transfer route is switched from the main communication connection to said at least one backup communication connection,
said at least one server comprising calculation means for calculating the route between the node that functions as the starting node for said at least one backup communication connection and the egress node such that the route does not include any of the links and nodes on the main communication connection,
wherein a plurality of the backup communication connections are established, and one of the backup communication connections merges into another one of the backup communication connections at a node en route.
13. A server according to claim 12, further comprising communication means for communicating with the plurality of nodes, wherein, upon calculating the route, the calculation means transmits a message requesting the setup of said at least one backup communication connection to the plurality of nodes on the main communication connection via the communication means, the message including information concerning the calculated route.
14. A node excluding the egress node on the main communication connection, set forth in claim 13, the node further comprising means for establishing a backup communication connection for protecting the main communication connection on the route for the backup communication connection included in the message requesting the setup.
15. A node for use in a connection-oriented network comprising a plurality of nodes that include an ingress node and an egress node, and a plurality of links that interconnect the plurality of nodes, a main communication connection being established in the connection-oriented network to connect the ingress node and the egress node, the main communication connection serving as a communication connection for transmitting data,
wherein, upon receiving a message requesting binding of a connection identifier for a backup communication connection for protecting the main communication connections, each of the nodes excluding the egress node selects another communication connection as a communication connection into which a merge is to be performed at one of the nodes en route on a data transfer route, and merges the backup communication connection being established with respect to the message into the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed.
16. A node according to claim 15, wherein the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed is another backup communication connection for protecting the main communication connection.
17. A node according to claim 15, wherein a condition for the merge is that the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed has resources required by the backup communication connection being established, and
wherein, when the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed does not have resources that satisfy the condition for the merge, the merge is performed after the resources are increased by an amount corresponding to the shortage in a segment downstream from a node at which the merge is to be performed.
18. A communication connection bypass method for a connection-oriented network comprising a plurality of nodes and a plurality of links interconnecting the plurality of nodes,
wherein a plurality of main communication connections, each serving as a communication connection for transferring data, are established between two nodes in the connection-oriented network with one node being an ingress node and the other being an egress node, and the main communication connections do not share any of the links and nodes between the ingress node and the egress node with each other,
said method comprising the step of establishing a backup communication connection for each main communication connection when a failure occurs at one of the nodes or links on the main communication connection, such that a data transfer route is switched from the main communication connection to the backup communication connection,
wherein the backup communication connection is established with at least one node excluding the egress node and functioning as a starting node, and the route between the node functioning as the starting node for the backup communication connection and the egress node does not include any of the links and nodes on the main communication connection to be protected by the backup communication connection, and
wherein the backup communication connection merges into another backup communication connection established for protecting one of the main communication connections or into one of the main communication connections excluding the main communication connection to be protected by the backup communication connection at a node en route on a data transfer route.
19. A node for use in a communication connection bypass method for a connection-oriented network comprising a plurality of nodes and a plurality of links interconnecting the plurality of nodes,
wherein a plurality of main communication connections, each serving as a communication connection for transferring data, are established between two nodes in the connection-oriented network with one node being an ingress node and the other being an egress node, and the main communication connections do not share any of the links and nodes between the ingress node and the egress node with each other, and
wherein, when the setup of the plurality of main communication connections is completed, the ingress node transmits a message requesting the setup of a backup communication connection to a next-hop node on each of the main communication connections.
20. A node for use in a connection-oriented network comprising a plurality of nodes and a plurality of links interconnecting the plurality of nodes,
wherein a plurality of main communication connections, each serving as a communication connection for transferring data, are established between two nodes in the connection-oriented network with one node being an ingress node and the other being an egress node, and the main communication connections do not share any of the links and nodes between the ingress node and the egress node with each other, and
wherein, upon receiving a message requesting binding of a connection identifier for a backup communication connection for protecting first one of the main communication connections, each of the nodes excluding the egress node selects another communication connection as a communication connection into which a merge is to be performed at a node en route on a data transfer route and merges the backup communication connection being established with respect to the message into the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed.
21. A node according to claim 20, wherein the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed is a second one of the main communication connections that is established so as to be node-disjoint from the first main communication between the ingress node and the egress node of the main communication connections.
22. A node according to claim 21, wherein, when the communication connection into which the merge Is to be performed is a second main communication connection established to be node-disjoint from the first main communication connection, a condition for the merge is that the second main communication connection has both resources required by the second main communication connection and resources required by the backup communication connection being established, and
wherein, when the second main communication connection does not have resources that satisfy the condition for the merge, the merge is performed after the resources are increased by an amount corresponding to the shortage in a segment downstream from the node at which the merge is to be performed, on the second main communication connection.
23. A node according to claim 20, wherein the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed is either the other backup communication connection for protecting the main communication connection or the other backup communication connection, established so as to be node-disjoint from the first main communication connection, for protecting a second one of the main communication connections between the ingress node and the egress node of the main communication connections.
24. A node according to claim 20, wherein the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed is either a second one of the main communication connections that is established so as to be node disjoint from the first main communication connection between the ingress node and the egress node of the main communication connections or the other backup communication connection for protecting the first or second main communication connection.
25. A node according to claim 20, wherein the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed is selected on a condition that a transmission route of traffic flowing from the own node to the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed does not include any of the links of the first main communication connection or any of the nodes excluding the egress node.
26. A node according to claim 20, wherein a condition for the merge is that the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed has resources required by the backup communication connection being established, and
wherein, when the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed does not have resources that satisfy the merge condition, the merge is performed after the resources are increased by an amount corresponding to the shortage in a segment, on the communication connection into which the merge is to be performed, downstream from the node at which the merge is to be performed.
27. A server for use in a connection-oriented network comprising a plurality of nodes, a plurality of links interconnecting the plurality of nodes, and at least one server capable of communicating with the plurality of nodes,
wherein a plurality of main communication connections, each serving as a communication connection for transferring data, are established between two nodes in the connection-oriented network with one node being an ingress node and the other being an egress node, so as not to share any of the links and nodes between the ingress node and the egress node, and
wherein, when a failure occurs at one of the nodes or links on the main communication connections, a backup communication connection is established for each of the main communication connections and a data transfer route is switched from the main communication connection to one of the backup communication connections,
said at least one server comprising calculation means for calculating the route between the node that functions as a starting node for the backup communication connection and the egress node such that the route does not include any of the links and nodes on the main communication connection to be protected by the backup communication connection,
wherein the backup communication connection merges into another backup communication connection established for protecting one of the main communication connections or into one of the main communication connections excluding the main communication connection to be protected by the backup communication connection at a node en route on a data transfer route.
28. A server according to claim 27, further comprising communication means for communicating with the plurality of nodes, wherein, upon calculating the route, the calculation means transmits a message requesting the setup of the backup communication connection to the starting node via the communication means, the message including information concerning the calculated route.