1. A silicate-based yellow-green phosphor having the formula A2SiO4:Eu2+D, wherein:
A is at least one of a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and
D is a dopant selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, P, S and N, wherein D is present in the phosphor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 20 mole percent.
2. The silicate-based phosphor of claim 1, wherein the phosphor is configured to absorb radiation in a wavelength ranging from about 280 nm to 490 nm.
3. The silicate-based phosphor of claim 1, wherein the phosphor emits visible light having a wavelength ranging from about 460 nm to 590 nm.
4. The silicate-based phosphor of claim 1, wherein the phosphor has the formula (Sr1-x-yBaxMy)2 SiO4: Eu2+D, where M is at least one of an element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cd, and where
0\u2266x\u22661;
0\u2266y\u22661 when M is Ca;
0\u2266y\u22661 when M is Mg; and
0\u2266y\u22661 when M is selected from the group consisting of Zn and Cd.
5. The silicate-based phosphor of claim 1, wherein D is F.
6. The silicate-based phosphor of claim 1, wherein the phosphor has the formula (Sr1-x-yBaxMy)2 SiO4: Eu2+F, where M is at least one of an element selected from the group of Ca, Mg, Zn,Cd, and where
0\u2266x\u22660.3;
0\u2266y\u22660.5 when M is Ca;
0\u2266y\u22660.1 when M is Mg; and
0\u2266y\u22660.5 when M is selected from the group consisting of Zn and Cd.
7. The silicate-based phosphor of claim 6, wherein the phosphor emits light in the yellow region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and has a peak emission wavelength ranging from about 540 to 590 nm.
8. The silicate-based phosphor of claim 1, wherein the phosphor has the formula (Sr1-x-yBaxMy)2 SiO4: Eu2+F, where M is at least one of an element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cd, and where
0.3\u2266x\u22661;
0\u2266y\u22660.5 when M is Ca;
0\u2266y\u22660.1 when M is Mg; and
0\u2266y\u22660.5 when M is selected from the group consisting of Zn and Cd.
9. The silicate-based phosphor of claim 8, wherein the phosphor emits light in the green region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and has a peak emission wavelenth ranging from about 500 to 530 nm.
10. A white LED comprising:
a radiation source configured to emit radiation having a wavelength ranging from about 410 to 500 nm;
a yellow phosphor according to claim 7, the yellow phosphor configured to absorb at least a portion of the radiation from the radiation source and emit light with a peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 530 to 590 nm.
11. A white LED comprising:
a radiation source configured to emit radiation having a wavelength ranging from about 410 to 500 nm;
a yellow phosphor according to claim 7, the yellow phosphor configured to absorb at least a portion of the radiation from the radiation source and emit light with peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 530 to 590 nm; and
a green phosphor according to claim 9, the green phosphor configured to absorb at least a portion of the radiation from the radiation source and emit light with peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 500 to 540 nm.
12. A white LED comprising:
a radiation source configured to emit radiation having a wavelength ranging from about 410 to 500 nm;
a green phosphor according to claim 9, the green phosphor configured to absorb at least a portion of the radiation from the radiation source and emit light with peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 500 to 540 nm;
a red phosphor selected from the group consisting of CaS:Eu2+, SrS:Eu2+, MgO*MgF*GeO:Mn4+, and MxSiyNz:Eu+2 where M is selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Ba, and Zn; Z=23x+43y, wherein the red phosphor is configured to absorb at least a portion of the radiation from the radiation source and emit light with peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 590 to 690 nm.
13. A white LED comprising:
a radiation source configured to emit radiation having a wavelength ranging from about 410 to 500 nm;
a yellow phosphor according to claim 7, the yellow phosphor configured to absorb at least a portion of the radiation from the radiation source and emit light with a peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 540 to 590 nm;
a red phosphor selected from the group consisting of CaS:Eu2+, SrS:Eu2+, MgO*MgF*GeO:Mn4+, and MxSiyNz:Eu+2 where M is selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Ba, and Zn; and Z=23x+43y, wherein the red phosphor is configured to absorb at least a portion of the radiation from the radiation source and emit light with peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 590 to 690 nm.
14. A composition comprising:
a silicate-based yellow phosphor having the formula A2SiO4:Eu2+D, wherein A is at least one divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and D is an ion that is present in the yellow phosphor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 20 mole percent; and
a blue phosphor;
wherein the yellow phosphor is configured to emit visible light with a peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 540 nm to 590 nm; and the blue phosphor is configured to emit visible light with a peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 440 to 510 nm.
15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the blue phosphor is selected from the group consisting of silicate-based phosphors and aluminate-based phosphors.
16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the silicate-based blue phosphor has the formula Sr1-x-yMgxBaySiO4:Eu2+F; and where
0.5\u2266x\u22661.0; and
0\u2266y\u22660.5.
17. The composition of claim 15, wherein the aluminate-based blue phosphor has the formula (SrxBa1-x)1-yMggEuyAl10O17; and where
0.01<y<0.99; 0.01<y\u22661.0.
18. A composition comprising:
a silicate-based green phosphor having the formula A2SiO4:Eu2+H, wherein A is at least one of a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and H is a negatively charged halogen ion that is present in the yellow phosphor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 20 mole percent;
a blue phosphor; and
a red phosphor;
wherein the green phosphor is configured to emit visible light with a peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 500 nm to 540 nm; the blue phosphor is configured to emit visible light with a peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 480 to 510 nm; and the red phosphor is configured to emit visible light with a peak intensity in a wavelength ranging from about 775 to 620 nm.
19. A method of preparing a silicate-based yellow phosphor having the formula A2SiO4:Eu2+D, wherein A is at least one of a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and D is a dopant selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, P, S and N, wherein D is present in the phosphor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 20 mole percent, the method selected from the group consisting of a sol-gel method and a solid reaction method.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the sol-gel method comprises:
a) dissolving a desired amount of an alkaline earth nitrate selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba-containing nitrates with a compound selected from the group consisting of Eu2O3 and BaF2 or other alkaline metal halides, in an acid, to prepare a first solution;
b) dissolving corresponding amount of a silica gel in de-ionized water to prepare a second solution;
c) stirring together the solutions produced in steps a) and b), and then adding ammonia to generate a gel from the mixture solution;
d) adjusting the pH of the solution produced in step c) to a value of about 9, and then stirring the solution continuously at about 60\xb0 C. for about 3 hours;
e) drying the gelled solution of step d) by evaporation, and then decomposing the resulting dried gel at 500 to 700\xb0 C. for about 60 minutes to decompose and acquire product oxides;
f) cooling and grinding the gelled solution of step e) with NH4F or other ammonia halides when alkaline earth metal halides are not used in step a) to produce a powder;
g) calciningsintering the powder of step f) in a reduced atmosphere for about 6 to 10 hours, the sintering temperature ranging from about 1200 to 1400\xb0 C.
21. The method of claim 19, wherein the solid reaction method comprises:
a) wet mixing desired amounts of alkaline earth oxides or carbonates (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba), dopants of Eu2O3 andor BaF2 or other alkaline earth metal halides, corresponding SiO2 andor NH4F or other ammonia halides with a ball mill; and
b) after drying and grinding, calcining andor sintering the resulting powder was in a reduced atmosphere for about 6 to 10 hours, wherein the calciningsintering temperature ranged from about 1200 to 1400\xb0 C.
22. A silicate-based yellow-green phosphor having the formula A2SiO4:Eu2+D, wherein:
A is at least one of a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and
D is a dopant selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, S and N, wherein D is present in the phosphor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 20 mole percent.
23. A method of preparing a silicate-based yellow phosphor having the formula A2SiO4:Eu2+D, wherein A is at least one of a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and D is a dopant selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, S and N, wherein D is present in the phosphor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 20 mole percent, the method selected from the group consisting of a sol-gel method and a solid reaction method.
24. A silicate-based yellow-green phosphor having the formula A2SiO4:Eu2+D, wherein:
A is at least one of a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and
D is a dopant selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, S and N, wherein D is present in the phosphor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 20 mole percent;
subject to the proviso that compositions of the formula (2-x-y) SrO\xb7x(Bau, Cav)O\xb7(1-a-b-c-d)SiO2\xb7aP2O5 bAl2O3 cB2O3 dGeO2: yEu2+ are specifically excluded, where 0\u2266x<1.6; 0.005<y<0.5; x+y\u22661.6; 0\u2266a,b,c,d<0.5; and u+v=1.
25. A silicate-based yellow-green phosphor having the formula A2SiO4:Eu2+D, wherein:
A is at least one of a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and
D is a dopant selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, S and N, wherein D is present in the phosphor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 20 mole percent;
subject to the proviso that compositions of the formula (2-x-y) BaO\xb7x(Sru, Cav)O\xb7(1-a-b-c-d)SiO2\xb7aP2O5 bAl2O3 cB2O3 dGeO2: yEu2+ are specifically excluded, where 0.1\u2266x<1.6; 0.005<y<0.5; 0\u2266a,b,c,d<0.5; u+v=1; and u\xb7v\u22670.4.
26. A silicate-based yellow-green phosphor having the formula (A1-xEux)2Si(O1-yDy)4, wherein:
A is at least one of a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, and Cd; and
D is a dopant selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, S and N;
And, 0.001<x<0.10; 0.01<y<0.2
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A fan assembly comprising a nozzle and a system for creating a primary air flow through the nozzle, the nozzle comprising at least one outlet for emitting the primary air flow, the nozzle defining an opening through which a secondary air flow from outside the fan assembly is drawn by the primary air flow emitted from said at least one outlet, wherein the nozzle has an adjustable configuration.
2. The fan assembly of claim 1, wherein the configuration of the nozzle is adjustable between a number of settings.
3. The fan assembly of claim 1, wherein the nozzle comprises a first part and a second part which is moveable relative to the first part.
4. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle is moveable relative to the opening.
5. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle is moveable relative to the at least one outlet.
6. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle is located downstream of the at least one outlet.
7. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle is rotatable relative to the first part of the nozzle.
8. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle is slidably moveable relative to the first part of the nozzle.
9. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle is mounted on an external surface of the nozzle.
10. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle is moveable relative to the first part of the nozzle between a stowed position and a deployed position.
11. The fan assembly of claim 10, wherein, in the stowed position, the second part of the nozzle is shielded from the primary air flow.
12. The fan assembly of claim 10, wherein the first part of the nozzle is maintained in a fixed position relative to the at least one outlet as the second part of the nozzle is moved between the stowed position and the deployed position.
13. The fan assembly of claim 10, wherein, in the deployed position, the second part of the nozzle is located downstream from the first part of the nozzle.
14. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the first part of the nozzle is located downstream from the at least one outlet.
15. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle comprises a flow guiding member.
16. The fan assembly of claim 15, wherein at least one of the position and the orientation of the flow guiding member relative to the at least one air outlet is adjustable.
17. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the first part of the nozzle comprises a surface over which the at least one outlet is arranged to direct the primary air flow.
18. The fan assembly of claim 17, wherein said surface comprises a cutaway portion, and wherein the second part of the nozzle is moveable relative to said surface to at least partially cover said cutaway portion.
19. The fan assembly of claim 18, wherein said surface comprises a plurality of cutaway portions, and wherein the second part of the nozzle is moveable relative to said surface to at least partially cover at least one of the cutaway portions.
20. The fan assembly of claim 19, wherein the second part of the nozzle is moveable relative to said surface to at least partially cover simultaneously each of the cutaway portions.
21. The fan assembly of claim 19, wherein the cutaway portions are regularly spaced about the nozzle.
22. The fan assembly of claim 18, wherein the, or each, cutaway portion is located at or towards a front edge of the nozzle.
23. The fan assembly of claim 17, wherein the second part of the nozzle is moveable between a stowed position and a deployed position in which the second part of the nozzle is located downstream from said surface.
24. The fan assembly of claim 23, wherein, in the stowed position, the second part of the nozzle extends about said surface.
25. The fan assembly of claim 23, wherein, in the stowed position, at least part of the second part of the nozzle is located within the nozzle.
26. The fan assembly of claim 23, wherein the second part of the nozzle tapers inwardly relative to the surface over which the at least one outlet is arranged to direct the air flow.
27. The fan assembly of claim 3, wherein the second part of the nozzle is generally annular in shape.
28. The fan assembly of claim 1, wherein at least one of the size and the shape of the opening is fixed.
29. The fan assembly of claim 1, wherein at least one of the size, the shape and the position of the at least one outlet is fixed.
30. The fan assembly of cl aim 1, wherein the nozzle is in the form of a loop extending about the opening.
31. The fan assembly of claim 1, wherein said at least one outlet extends about the opening.
32. The fan assembly of claim 1, wherein said at least one outlet is substantially annular in shape.
33. The fan assembly of claim 1, wherein the nozzle is mounted on a base housing said system for creating a primary air flow.