1.-47. (canceled)
48. A method for operating a base station (210) of a wireless network (200), comprising:
establishing (A410) a connection with a user equipment (220) over a plurality of carriers, the base station (210) being capable of providing signals to the user equipment (220) over the plurality of carriers,
wherein for each of the plurality of carriers, a corresponding discontinuous reception, \u201cDRX \u201d, cycle is established that is independent of the DRX cycles of other carriers of the plurality of carriers, and
wherein the DRX cycle for a carrier determines times in which the user equipment (220) listens for signals on the carrier to evaluate that carrier.
49. The method of claim 48, wherein the plurality of carriers includes one or more anchor carriers used to provide control signals to the user equipment (220),
wherein the one or more anchor carriers are used to send commands to the user equipment (220) to override the DRX cycles of one or more carriers of the plurality of carriers including the DRX cycles of one or more non-anchor carriers.
50. The method of claim 48, wherein the DRX cycles of anchor carriers are shorter than the DRX cycles of non-anchor carriers.
51. The method of claim 48, further comprising:
making a determination (A420) whether download data destined for the user equipment (220) requires multiple carriers for transport;
overriding (A430) the DRX cycles of the multiple carriers of the plurality of carriers selected for transport when the determination is made that the download data does require multiple carriers; and
transmitting (A440) the download data to the user equipment (220) over the selected carriers.
52. The method of claim 51, wherein the act of overriding (A430) the DRX cycles for the selected carriers comprises:
making a determination (A510) whether the DRX cycles corresponding to one or more of the selected carriers are enabled; and
providing instructions (A520) to the user equipment (220) to disable the DRX cycle for each selected carrier whose DRX cycle is enabled,
wherein the instructions to disable the DRX cycles are provided over one or more anchor carriers.
53. The method of claim 51, wherein the act of transmitting (A440) the download data over the selected carriers comprises:
splitting (A610) the download data into two or more data parts with each data part corresponding each of the selected carriers;
when the selected carriers include one or more anchor carriers, transmitting (A620) the data parts to the user equipment (220) over the corresponding one or more selected anchor carriers; and
when the selected carriers include one or more non-anchor carriers, waiting (A630) a predetermined delay prior to transmitting (A640) the data parts corresponding to each of the one or more selected non-anchor carriers to the user equipment (220) over the corresponding one or more selected non-anchor carriers.
54. The method of claim 53, further comprising:
for each selected carrier, providing (A605, A615, A635) to the user equipment (220) information regarding resource blocks of the selected carrier allocated to carry the download data, wherein the information regarding the resource blocks is provided to the user equipment (220) on a physical downlink shared channel, \u201cPDCCH\u201d, or on a physical downlink control channel, \u201cPDCCH\u201d, of the one or more anchor carriers or on the PDCCH of the selected carrier.
55. The method of claim 48, wherein the plurality of carriers are either Long Term Evolution, \u201cLTE\u201d, or High Speed Packet Access, HSPA\u201d, carriers.
56. A base station (210) in a wireless network (200), comprising:
a communication unit (730) arranged to communicate with the user equipment (220); and
a processing unit (710) arranged to:
establish a connection with a user equipment (220) over a plurality of carriers via the communication unit (730), the communication unit (730) being capable of providing signals to the user equipment (220) over the plurality of carriers,
wherein for each carrier of the plurality of carriers, a corresponding discontinuous reception, \u201cDRX\u201d, cycle is established that is independent of DRX cycles of other carriers of the plurality of carriers, and
wherein the DRX cycle for a carrier determines times in which the user equipment (220) listens for signals on the carrier to evaluate that carrier.
57. The base station (210) of claim 56, wherein the plurality of carriers includes one or more anchor carriers used to provide control signals to the user equipment (220), wherein the one or more anchor carriers are used to send commands to the user equipment (220) to override the DRX cycles of one or more carriers of the plurality of carriers including the DRX cycles of one or more non-anchor carriers.
58. The base station (210) of claim 56, wherein the DRX cycles of anchor carriers are shorter than the DRX cycles of non-anchor carriers.
59. The base station (210) of claim 56, wherein the processing unit (710) is arranged to:
make a determination whether download data destined for the user equipment (220) requires multiple carriers for transport;
override, via the communication unit (730), the DRX cycles of the multiple carriers of the plurality of carriers selected for transport when the determination is made that the download data does require multiple carriers; and
transmit, via the communication unit (730), the download data to the user equipment (220) over the selected carriers.
60. The base station (210) of claim 59, wherein the processing unit (710) is arranged to override the DRX cycles for the selected carriers by:
making a determination whether the DRX cycles corresponding to one or more of the selected carriers are enabled; and
providing instructions to the user equipment (220) to disable the DRX cycle for each of the one or more of the selected carriers whose DRX cycle is enabled, wherein the processing unit (710) is arranged to transmit the instructions to the user equipment (220) to disable the DRX cycles over one or more anchor carriers.
61. The base station (210) of claim 59, wherein the processing unit (710) is arranged transmit the download data over the selected carriers by:
splitting the download data into two or more data parts with each data part corresponding each of the selected carriers;
when the selected carriers include one or more anchor carriers, transmitting the data parts to the user equipment (220) over the corresponding one or more selected anchor carriers; and
when the selected carriers include one or more non-anchor carriers, waiting a predetermined delay prior to transmitting the data parts corresponding to each of the one or more selected non-anchor carriers to the user equipment (220) over the corresponding one or more selected non-anchor carriers.
62. The base station (210) of claim 61, wherein the processing unit (710) is arranged to provide to the user equipment (220), for each selected carrier, information regarding resource blocks of the selected carrier allocated to carry the download data, and wherein the processing unit (710) is arranged to provide to the user equipment (220) the information regarding the resource blocks on a physical downlink shared channel, \u201cPDCCH\u201d, or on a physical downlink control channel, \u201cPDCCH\u201d, of the one or more anchor carriers or on the PDCCH of the selected carrier.
63. The base station (210) of claim 56, wherein the plurality of carriers are either Long Term Evolution, \u201cLTE\u201d, or High Speed Packet Access, \u201cHSPA\u201d, carriers.
64. A method for operating user equipment (220) of a wireless network (200), comprising:
establishing (A810) a connection with a base station (210) over a plurality of carriers, the user equipment (220) being capable of receiving signals from the base station (210) over the plurality of carriers,
wherein for each carrier of the plurality of carriers, a corresponding discontinuous reception, \u201cDRX\u201d, cycle is established that is independent of DRX cycles of other carriers of the plurality of carriers, and
wherein the DRX cycle for each carrier determines times in which the user equipment (220) listens for signals on the carrier to evaluate that carrier.
65. The method of claim 64, wherein the plurality of carriers includes one or more anchor carriers used to receive control signals from the base station (210),
wherein the one or more anchor carriers are used to receive commands from the base station (210) to override the DRX cycles of one or more carriers of the plurality of carriers including the DRX cycles of one or more non-anchor carriers.
66. The method of claim 64, wherein the DRX cycles of anchor carriers are shorter than the DRX cycles of non-anchor carriers.
67. The method of claim 64, further comprising:
receiving (A820) from the base station (210) information on whether download data will be transported over multiple selected carriers;
preparing (A830) the user equipment (220) to receive the download data when the information is received indicating that the download data will be transported over the selected carriers, wherein DRX cycles are disabled for one or more receivers (1025) adapted to listen to communication signals carried over the selected carriers; and
receiving (A840) from the base station (210) the download data over the selected carriers.
68. The method of claim 67, wherein the act of preparing (A830) the user equipment (220) to receive the download data comprises:
receiving (A910) from the base station (210) instructions to disable the DRX cycle for one or more of the selected carriers, wherein the instructions to disable the DRX cycles are received over one or more anchor carriers used to receive control signals from the base station (210); and
disabling the DRX cycles for each receiver (1025) adapted to listen to communication signals carried over each of the one or more selected carriers.
69. The method of claim 67, wherein the act of preparing (A830) the user equipment (220) selected to receive the download data comprises:
for each selected carrier, receiving (A915) from the base station (210) information regarding resource blocks of the selected carrier allocated to carry the download data from the base station (210); and
preparing (A925) the receivers (1025) adapted to listen to the selected carriers in accordance with the received information on the resource blocks,
wherein the information regarding the resource blocks is received from the base station (210) on a physical downlink shared channel, \u201cPDSCH\u201d, or on a physical downlink control channel, \u201cPDCCH\u201d, of the one or more anchor carriers or on the PDCCH of the selected carrier.
70. A user equipment (220) of a wireless network (200), comprising:
a communication unit (1020) arranged to communicate with the base station, wherein the communication unit (1020) includes one or more receivers (1025); and
a processing unit (1010) arranged to:
establish a connection with a base station (210) over a plurality of carriers via the communication unit (730), the communication unit (1020) being capable of receiving signals from the base station (210) over the plurality of carriers,
wherein for each carrier of the plurality of carriers, a corresponding discontinuous reception, \u201cDRX\u201d, cycle is established that is independent of a DRX cycle of other carriers of the plurality of carriers, and
wherein the DRX cycle for a carrier determines times in which the user equipment (220) listens for signals on the carrier to evaluate that carrier.
71. The user equipment (220) of claim 70, wherein the plurality of carriers includes one or more anchor carriers used to receive control signals from the base station (210), wherein the one or more anchor carriers are used to receive commands from the base station (210) to override the DRX cycles of one or more carriers of the plurality of carriers including the DRX cycles of one or more non-anchor carriers.
72. The user equipment (220) of claim 70, wherein the DRX cycles of anchor carriers are shorter than the DRX cycles of non-anchor carriers.
73. The user equipment (220) of claim 70, wherein the processing unit (1010) is arranged to:
receive, via the communication unit (1020), from the base station (210) information on whether download data will be transported over multiple selected carriers;
prepare the communications equipment (1020) to receive the download data when the information is received indicating that the download data will be transported over the selected carriers, wherein DRX cycles are disabled for one or more receivers (1025) adapted to listen to communication signals carried over the selected carriers; and receive from the base station (210) the download data over the selected carriers.
74. The user equipment (220) of claim 73, wherein the processing unit (1010) is arranged to prepare the communications equipment (1020) to receive the download data by:
receiving, via the communication unit (1020), from the base station (210) instructions to disable the DRX cycle for one or more of the selected carriers, wherein the instructions to disable the DRX cycles are received over one or more anchor carriers used to receive control signals from the base station (210); and
disabling the DRX cycles for each receiver (1025) adapted to listen to communication signals carried over each of the one or more selected carriers.
75. The user equipment (220) of claim 73, wherein the processing unit (1010) is arranged to prepare to receive the download data by:
for each selected carrier, receiving from the base station (210) information regarding resource blocks of the selected carrier allocated to carry the download data; and
preparing the receivers (1025) adapted to listen to the selected carriers in accordance with the received information on the resource blocks, wherein the information regarding the resource blocks is received from the base station (210) on a physical downlink shared channel, \u201cPDCCH\u201d, or on a physical downlink control channel, \u201cPDCCH\u201d, of the one or more anchor carriers or on the PDCCH of the selected carrier.
76. The user equipment (220) of claim 73, wherein each receiver (1025) is a fixed bandwidth receiver or an adaptive bandwidth receiver.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. An optical member for vacuum ultraviolet comprising a substrate obtained by processing a crystal of AMF3 type perovskite structure.
2. An optical member for vacuum ultraviolet comprising a substrate, and a coating obtained using a crystal of AMF3 type perovskite structure as an evaporation source.
3. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein A is selected from Li, Na, and Cs, and M is selected from Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, and Zn.
4. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein A is K, and M is Ba or Zn.
5. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 1, wherein an absorption edge of transmittance is not more than 120 nm.
6. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 1, which is a lens, a prism, a half mirror, or a window member.
7. An aligner comprising an optical system comprising the optical member for vacuum ultraviolet as set forth in claim 1.
8. An aligner comprising a projection or light-source optical system comprising the optical member for vacuum ultraviolet as set forth in claim 1.
9. A device manufacture method comprising the step of exposing a wafer by the aligner as set forth in claim 7.
10. An optical member for vacuum ultraviolet comprising a substrate comprising a fluoride crystal of perovskite structure as a main component.
11. An optical member for vacuum ultraviolet comprising a substrate, and a coating formed from a fluoride crystal of perovskite structure.
12. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the fluoride crystal is a compound represented by the chemical formula of AMF3 where A is selected from Li, Na, and Cs, and M is selected from Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, and Zn.
13. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the fluoride crystal is KBaF3 or KZnF3.
14. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 10, wherein an absorption edge of transmittance is not more than 120 nm.
15. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 10, which is a lens, a prism, a half mirror, or a window member.
16. An aligner comprising an optical system comprising the optical member for vacuum ultraviolet as set forth in claim 10.
17. An aligner comprising a projection or light-source optical system comprising the optical member for vacuum ultraviolet as set forth in claim 10.
18. A device manufacture method comprising the step of exposing a wafer by the aligner as set forth in claim 16.
19. An optical member for vacuum ultraviolet comprising a substrate comprising as a main component a com pound represented by the chemical formula of AMF3 where A is selected from Li, Na, Cs, and K, and M is selected from Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, and Zn.
20. An optical member for vacuum ultraviolet comprising a substrate, and a coating comprising as a main component a compound represented by the chemical formula of AMF3 where A is selected from Li, Na, Cs, and K, and M is selected from Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, and Zn.
21. An evaporation source comprising as a main component a compound represented by the chemical formula of AMF3 where A is selected from Li, Na, Cs, and K, and M is selected from Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, and Zn.
22. An evaporation source for vacuum ultraviolet comprising as a main component a compound represented by the chemical formula of AMF3 where A is selected from Li, Na, Cs, and K, and M is selected from Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, and Zn.
23. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 19 or 20, wherein an absorption edge of transmittance is not more than 120 nm.
24. The optical member for vacuum ultraviolet according to claim 19 or 20, which is a lens, a prism, a half mirror, or a window member.
25. An aligner comprising an optical system comprising the optical member for vacuum ultraviolet as set forth in claim 19 or 20.
26. An aligner comprising a projection or light-source optical system comprising the optical member for vacuum ultraviolet as set forth in claim 19 or 20.
27. A device manufacture method comprising the step of exposing a wafer by the aligner as set forth in claim 25.