1-50. (canceled)
51. An aqueous emulsion composition comprising a discontinuous phase and a continuous phase wherein said discontinuous phase comprises water and said continuous phase a silane having the formula:
(R1)(R2)(R3)Si\u2014R4\u2014Si(R5)(R6)(R7)
wherein
R1, R2, R3, R5, and R6 are each methyl;
R4 is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 3 carbons;
R7 is selected from the group consisting of R9-RC and R18-RZ;
R9 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of
R16(O)w(R17), and R18O(C2H4O)d(C3H6O)e(C6H8O)fCH2CH(OH)CH2;
where R16 and R17 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R18 is a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; subscripts w and x are 1;
the subscripts d, e and f are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1=d+e+f\u226610 with d\u22671;
RC is selected from the group consisting of N(R19)(R20),
where R19 and R20 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, a branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, R26N(R29)(R30), and \u2014R27O(C2H4O)g(C3H6O)h(C4H8O)iR28;
the subscripts g, h and i are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266g+h+i\u226610 with g\u22671;
R21, R23, R24, R25 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H and branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of 1 to 4 carbons;
R22 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of H, branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and
\u2014R31O(C2H4O)j(C3H6O)k(C4H8O)lR32;
the subscripts j, k and l are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266j+k+1\u226610 with j\u22671;
R26 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons, or
R33O(C2H4O)m(C3H6O)n(C4H8O)oR34;
the subscripts m, n and o are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266m+n+o\u226610 with m\u22671;
R29 and R30 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons;
R27, R31 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;
R28 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of H, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons and N(R40)(R41);
R32 and R34 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, a branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and R37N(R38)(R39); where R37 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons;
R35, R36, R38 and R39 are independently selected from the group consisting of H and branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of 1 to 4 carbons;
R10 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of
R40(O)y(R41)z\u2014 and R42O(C2H4O)p(C3H6O)q(C4H8O)rCH2CH(OH)CH2\u2014;
where R40 and R41 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
R42 is a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;
the subscripts y and z are 1;
the subscripts p, q and r are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266p+q+r\u226610 with p\u22671;
RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R43)(R44)\u03b1R45SO3(MK)\u03b2, \u2014N\u2014(R46)(R47)\u03b3R48COO(MK)\u03b4,
\u2014N+\u2014(R49)(R50)R51OP(\u2550O)(A)(B) or,
(\u2014C(\u2550O)N(R52)R53N\u2014(R54)(R55))+\u2014(R56OP(\u2550O)(A)(B))(X\u2212)\u03b5;
where R43, R44, R46, R47, R49, R50, R52, R51 and R55 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons and an alkanolamine group having alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons; and R45 is a divalent group of 3 to 4 carbons;
MK is a cation selected from the group consisting of Na+, K+, Ca2+, NH4+, and Li+, monovalent ammonium ions derived from mono-, di- and trialkylamines comprising alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons, and mono-, di- and trialkanolamines comprising alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons;
subscripts \u03b1, \u03b2, \u03b3 and \u03b4 are zero or 1 subject to the following relationships:
\u03b1+\u03b2=1 and \u03b3+\u03b4=1;
R48 and R51 are independently a divalent group of 1 to 4 carbons;
R53 and R56 are each independently a divalent group of 2 to 4 carbons;
A and B are selected from O\u2212 and OMK; X is an anion selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I; and the subscript c is 0, 1 or 2.
52. The composition of claim 51 where R7 is R9-RC.
53. The composition of claim 51 where RC is N(R19)(R20).
54. The composition of claim 51 where R7 is R10-RZ.
55. The composition of claim 51 where RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R43)(R44)\u03b1R45SO3(MK)\u03b2.
56. The composition of claim 51 where RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R46)(R47)\u03b3R48COO(MK)\u03b4.
57. A non-aqueous emulsion comprising a discontinuous phase and a continuous phase wherein said discontinuous phase comprises a non-aqueous hydroxylic solvent and said continuous phase a silane having the formula:
(R1)(R2)(R3)Si\u2014R4\u2014Si(R5)(R6)(R7)
wherein
R1, R2, R3, R5, and R6 are each methyl;
R4 is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 3 carbons;
R7 is selected from the group consisting of R9-RC and R10-RZ;
R9 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of
R16(O)w(R17)x\u2014 and R18O(C2H4O)d(C3H6O)e(C6H8O)fCH2CH(OH)CH2;
where R16 and R17 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R18 is a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; subscripts w and x are 1;
the subscripts d, e and f are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266d+e+f\u226610 with d\u22671;
RCC is selected from the group consisting of N(R19)(R20),
where R19 and R20 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, a branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, R26N(R29)(R30), and \u2014R27O(C2H4O)g(C3H6O)h(C4H8O); R28;
the subscripts g, h and i are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266g+h+i\u226610 with g\u22671;
R21, R23, R24, R25 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H and branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of 1 to 4 carbons;
R22 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of H, branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and \u2014R31O(C2H4O)j(C3H6O)k(C4H8O)lR32;
the subscripts j, k and l are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266j+k+1\u226610 with j\u22671;
R26 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons, or
R33O(C2H4O)m(C3H6O)n(C4H8)oR34;
the subscripts m, n and o are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266m+n+o\u226610 with m\u22671;
R29 and R30 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons;
R27, R31 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;
R28 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of H, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons and N(R40)(R41);
R32 and R34 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, a branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and R37N(R38)(R39); where R37 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons;
R35, R36, R38 and R39 are independently selected from the group consisting of H and branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of 1 to 4 carbons;
R19 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of
R40(O)\u03b3(R41)z\u2014 and R42O(C2H4O)p(C3H6O)q(C4H8O)rCH2CH(OH)CH2\u2014;
where R40 and R41 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
R42 is a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;
the subscripts y and z are 1;
the subscripts p, q and r are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266p+q+r\u226610 with p\u22671;
RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R43)(R44)\u03b1R45SO3(MK)\u03b2, \u2014N\u2014(R46)(R47)\u03b3R48COO(MK)\u03b4,
\u2014N+\u2014(R49)(R50)R51OP(\u2550O)(A)(B) or,
(\u2014C(\u2550O)N(R52)R53N\u2014(R54)(R55))+\u2212(R56OP(\u2550O)(A)(B))(X\u2212)\u03b5;
where R43, R44, R46, R47, R49, R50, R52, R54 and R55 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons and an alkanolamine group having alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons; and R45 is a divalent group of 3 to 4 carbons;
MK is a cation selected from the group consisting of Na+, K+, Ca2+, NH4+, and Li+, monovalent ammonium ions derived from mono-, di- and trialkylamines comprising alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons, and mono-, di- and trialkanolamines comprising alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons;
subscripts \u03b1, \u03b2, \u03b3 and \u03b4 are zero or 1 subject to the following relationships:
\u03b1+\u03b2=1 and \u03b3+\u03b4=1;
R48 and R51 are independently a divalent group of 1 to 4 carbons;
R53 and R56 are each independently a divalent group of 2 to 4 carbons;
A and B are selected from O\u2212 and OMK; X is an anion selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I; and the subscript \u03b5 is 0, 1 or 2.
58. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where R7 is R9-RC.
59. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where RC is N(R19)(R20).
60. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where R7 is R10-RZ.
61. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R43)(R44)\u03b1R45SO3(MK)\u03b2.
62. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R46)(R47)\u03b3R48COO(MK)\u03b4.
63. A non-aqueous emulsion comprising a continuous phase and a discontinuous phase wherein said continuous phase comprises a non-aqueous hydroxylic organic solvent and said discontinuous phase comprises a silane having the formula:
(R1)(R2)(R3)Si\u2014R4\u2014Si(R5)(R6)(R7)
wherein
R1, R2, R3, R5, and R6 are each methyl;
R4 is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 3 carbons;
R7 is selected from the group consisting of R9-RC and R10RZ;
R9 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of
R18(O)w(R17)x\u2014 and R18O(C2H4O)d(C3H6O)e(C6H8O)fCH2CH(OH)CH2;
where R16 and R17 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R18 is a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; subscripts w and x are 1;
the subscripts d, e and f are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266d+e+f\u226610 with d\u22671;
RC is selected from the group consisting of N(R19)(R20),
where R19 and R20 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, a branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, R26N(R29)(R30), and \u2014R27O(C2H4O)g(C3H6O)h(C4H8O)iR28;
the subscripts g, h and i are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266g+h+i\u226610 with g\u22671;
R21, R23, R24, R25 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H and branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of 1 to 4 carbons;
R22 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of H, branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and \u2014R31O(C2H4O)j(C3H6O)k(C4H8O)lR32;
the subscripts j, k and l are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266j+k+1\u226610 with j\u22671;
R26 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons, or
R33O(C2H4O)m(C3H6O)n(C4H8O)oR34;
the subscripts m, n and o are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266m+n+o\u226610 with m\u22671;
R29 and R30 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons;
R27, R31 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;
R28 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of H, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons and N(R40)(R41);
R32 and R34 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, a branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, and R37N(R38)(R39); where R37 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons;
R35, R36, R38 and R39 are independently selected from the group consisting of H and branched or linear monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of 1 to 4 carbons;
R10 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of
R40(O)y(R41)z\u2014 and R42O(C2H4O)p(C3H6O)q(C4H8O)rCH2CH(OH)CH2\u2014;
where R40 and R41 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
R42 is a divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;
the subscripts y and z are 1;
the subscripts p, q and r are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
1\u2266p+q+r\u226610 with p\u22671;
RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R43)(R44)\u03b1R45SO3(MK)\u03b2, \u2014N\u2014(R46)(R47)\u03b3R48COO(MK)\u03b4,
\u2014N+\u2014(R49)(R50)R51OP(\u2550O)(A)(B) or,
(\u2014C(\u2550O)N(R52)R53N\u2014(R54)(R55))+\u2014(R56OP(\u2550O)(A)(B))(X\u2212)\u03b5
where R43, R44, R46, R47, R49, R50, R52, R54 and R55 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons, linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 4 carbons and an alkanolamine group having alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons; and R45 is a divalent group of 3 to 4 carbons;
MK is a cation selected from the group consisting of Na+, K+, Ca2+, NH4+, and Li+, monovalent ammonium ions derived from mono-, di- and trialkylamines comprising alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons, and mono-, di- and trialkanolamines comprising alkyl groups of 2 to 4 carbons;
subscripts \u03b1, \u03b2, \u03b3 and \u03b4 are zero or 1 subject to the following relationships:
\u03b1+\u03b2=1 and \u03b3+\u03b4=1;
R48 and R51 are independently a divalent group of 1 to 4 carbons;
R53 and R56 are each independently a divalent group of 2 to 4 carbons;
A and B are selected from O\u2212 and OMK; X is an anion selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I; and the subscript \u03b5 is 0, 1 or 2.
58. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where R7 is R9-RC.
59. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where RC is N(R19)(R20).
60. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where R7 is R10-RZ.
61. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R43)(R44)\u03b1R45SO3(MK)\u03b4.
63. The non-aqueous emulsion of claim 57 where RZ is \u2014N\u2014(R46)(R47)\u03b3R48COO(MK)\u03b4.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An apparatus for comprising:
an extractor to extract virtual object information for processing a virtual world,
wherein the virtual object information corresponding to a predetermined avatar type comprises at least an Appearance element and a HapticPropertyList element selected from the predetermined avatar type, the predetermined avatar type comprising the Appearance element, an Animation element, a CommunicationSkills element, a Personality element, a ControlFeatures element, and the HapticPropertyList element,
wherein the HapticPropertyList elements denotes a list of haptic properties,
werein the CommunicationsSkills element denotes communication skills;
ControlFeatures denotes control features,
wherein and the ControlFeatures element denotes control features;
wherein the Appearance element comprises at least one sub-element selected from a predetermined avatar appearance type,
wherein the predetermined avatar appearance type comprises a sub-element selection list comprising a Body sub-element, a Head sub-element, an Eyes sub-element, an Ears sub-element, a Nose sub-element, a MouthLip sub-element, a Skin sub-element, a Facial sub-element, a Nail sub-element, a Hair sub-element, an EyeBrows sub-element, and a FacialHair sub-element,
wherein the MouthLip sub-element denotes a mouth and a lip;
wherein the EyeBrows sub-element denotes eyebrows;
wherein the FacialHair sub-element denotes facial hair,
wherein the sub-elements in the predetermined avatar appearance type comprises a hapticIDRef attribute denoting identification information regarding the haptic property information included in the HapticPropertyList,
wherein the HapticPropertyList element comprises a plurality of haptic properties of the avatar type,
wherein the hapticIDRef attribute in the at least one sub-element of the Appearance element refers to one of the plurality of haptic properties in the HapticPropertyList element, and
wherein the extractor is configured to:
extract the hapticIDRef attribute from a sub-element, from among the at least one sub-element of the Appearance element; and
extract a haptic property, from among the plurality of haptic properties of the HapticPropertyList element, corresponding to the extracted hapticIDRef attribute, and
wherein the apparatus is configured to identify the listed sub-elements for extracting the haptic property, and
wherein the extracted haptic property is used for providing haptic feedback.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a receiver configured to receive sensed information from a sensor.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the extractor is further configured to extract the hapticIDRef attribute from the sub-element, among the at least one sub-element of the Appearance element, corresponding to the sensed information received from the sensor.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the extractor is further configured to
extract a portion of the avatar based on the sensed information received from the sensor,
extract a sub-element corresponding to the extracted portion; and
extract a hapticIDRef attribute from the sub-element corresponding to the extracted portion.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit control information to a haptic feedback device based on the extracted haptic property.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sensed information comprises position information regarding a touched position on the sensor and information on a touched portion of the avatar.
7. A method comprising:
an extractor to extract virtual object information for processing a virtual world,
wherein the virtual object information corresponding to a predetermined avatar type comprises at least an Appearance element and a HapticPropertyList element selected from the predetermined avatar type, the predetermined avatar type comprising the Appearance element, an Animation element, a CommunicationSkills element, a Personality element, a ControlFeatures element, and the HapticPropertyList element,
wherein the HapticPropertyList element denotes a list of haptic properties,
wherein the CommunicationsSkills elements denotes communication skills; and
wherein the ControlFeatures elements denotes control features;
wherein the Appearance element comprises at least one sub-element selected from a predetermined avatar appearance type,
wherein the predetermined avatar appearance type comprises a sub-element selection list comprising a Body sub-element, a Head sub-element, an Eyes sub-element, an Ears sub-element, a Nose sub-element, a MouthLip sub-element, a Skin sub-element, a Facial sub-element, a Nail sub-element, a Hair sub-element, an EyeBrows sub-element, and a FacialHair sub-element,
wherein the MouthLip sub-element denotes a mouth and a lip;
wherein the EyeBrows sub-element denotes eyebrows; and
wherein the FacialHair sub-element denotes facial hair,
wherein the sub-elements in the predetermined avatar appearance type comprises a hapticIDRef attribute denoting identification information regarding the haptic property information included in the HapticPropertyList,
wherein the HapticPropertyList element comprises a plurality of haptic properties of the avatar type,
wherein the hapticIDRef attribute in the at least one sub-element of the Appearance element refers to one of the plurality of haptic properties in the HapticPropertyList element, and
wherein the extracting comprises
extracting the hapticIDRef attribute, and
extracting a haptic property, from among the plurality of haptic properties of the HapticPropertyList element, corresponding to the extracted hapticIDRef attribute,
wherein the apparatus is configured to identify the listed sub-elements for extracting the haptic property, and
wherein the extracted haptic property is used for providing haptic feedback.
8. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium storing a program to cause a computer to implement the method of claim 7.
9. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
receiving sensed information from a sensor.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the extracting the hapticIDRef attribute comprises:
extracting the hapticIDRef attribute from the sub-element, among the at least one sub-element of the Appearance element, corresponding to the sensed information received from the sensor.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the extracting the hapticIDRef attribute comprises:
extracting a portion of the avatar based on the sensed information received from the sensor;
extracting a sub-element corresponding to the extracted portion; and
extracting a hapticIDRef attribute from the sub-element corresponding to the extracted portion.
12. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
transmitting control information to a haptic feedback device based on the extracted haptic property.
13. The method of claim 7, wherein the sensed information comprises position information regarding a touched position on the sensor and information on a touched portion of the avatar.