1. A method of representing character-based text having a vertical orientation, comprising:
defining a table using a markup language definition;
representing each sentence in the character-based text in a column of the table;
representing each word in the sentence in a cell associated with a row and the column; and
creating a document containing the markup language definition of the table, the markup language definition formatting each sentence in the vertical orientation to be read in a predetermined direction.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising defining formatting of the document scaled for display in a browser.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising defining the document using relative length units in cascading style sheets.
4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
receiving dimension information associated with the browser; and
dynamically formatting the document in accordance with the dimension information.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising receiving:
a user-agent string from the browser; and
determining the dimension information from the user-agent string.
6. The method of claim 2, further comprising defining the formatting for the browser executing on a mobile computing device.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising defining the formatting of the document using a table tag defined by the markup language.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising defining the table with hidden borders and cell lines.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising populating the table with text-based Asian language characters.
10. A system for generating character-based text having a vertical orientation, comprising:
a server that receives a request for the character-based text; and
a formatting engine that defines a table using a markup language definition, the formatting engine representing each sentence in the character-based text in a column of the table, and representing each word in the sentence in a cell associated with a row and the column such that each sentence is defined in the vertical orientation,
wherein the formatting engine prepares a markup language definition document containing the table to be served in response to the request.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the document is formatted to be scalable for display in a browser.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the formatting engine defines the document using relative length units in cascading style sheets.
13. The system of claim 11, further comprising a database containing information used to format the document,
wherein the server receives dimension information associated with the browser, and wherein the formatting engine dynamically formats the document in accordance with the dimension information and information in the database.
14. The system of claim 11, wherein a user-agent string is received from the requester, and wherein the table is formatted in accordance with information in the user-agent string.
15. The system of claim 10, wherein the formatting engine formats the table using a table tag defined by the markup language.
16. A computer-storage medium having computer executable instructions for representing a vertically oriented written language, the method comprising:
representing each sentence in the vertically oriented written language in a column of a table;
representing each word in the sentence in a cell associated with a row and the column;
creating a document containing a markup definition of the table, the document containing formatting information regarding the layout of the table to present each sentence in the vertical orientation; and
serving the document in response to a request.
17. The computer-storage medium of claim 16, wherein the formatting information is determined dynamically in response to the request.
18. The computer-storage medium of claim 17, wherein a user-agent string is received as part of the request, and the formatting information scales the table in accordance with information contained user-agent string.
19. The computer-storage medium of claim 16, wherein the formatting information is defined by relative length units in cascading style sheets.
20. The computer-storage medium of claim 16, wherein the formatting of the document is specified using a table tag defined by the markup language definition.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of treating a disorder responsive to the induction of apoptosis in an animal suffering therefrom, comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of Formula V:
18
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein:
Ar and Ar are independently optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl, provided that the ring structure of said optionally substituted heteroaryl comprises not more than two nitrogen atoms; and
R11 is hydrogen; or alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said compound is of Formula I:
19
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, wherein:
A is N or CR8, B is N or CR9, D is N or CR10, E is N or CR6 and F is N or CR7, provided that not more than two of A, B, D, E and F are N in the same time;
Ar is optionally substituted and is an aryl or heteroaryl;
R6-R10 are independently hydrogen, halo, haloalkyl, aryl, fused aryl, carbocyclic, a heterocyclic group, a heteroaryl group, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylalkynyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, nitro, amino, cyano, acylamido, hydroxy, thiol, acyloxy, azido, alkoxy, carboxy, carbonylamido or alkylthiol; and
R11 is hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein A is N, B is CR9 and F is CR7.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein Ar is optionally substituted and is furyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl or phenyl.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein Ar is optionally substituted furyl.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein Ar is optionally substituted phenyl.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein Ar is optionally substituted 3-furyl.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein Ar is unsubstituted 3-furyl.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein said compound is N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-furancarboxamide.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein Ar is optionally substituted pyrrolyl.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein Ar is optionally substituted phenyl.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein Ar is optionally substituted 3-pyrrolyl.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein Ar is unsubstituted 3-pyrrolyl.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein said compound is N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyrrolecarboxamide.
15. The method of claim 4, wherein Ar is optionally substituted phenyl.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein Ar is optionally substituted phenyl.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
4-Chloro-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-benzoylamide; and
4-Chloromethyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-benzoylamide.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein Ar is optionally substituted pyridyl.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
4-Chloro-2-nitro-N-(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)-benzoylamide;
4-Chloro-2-nitro-N-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)-benzoylamide; and
4-Bromomethyl-3-nitro-N-(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)-benzoylamide.
20. The method of claim 4, wherein Ar is optionally substituted pyrazinyl.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein Ar is optionally substituted phenyl.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein Ar is 3-pyrazinyl.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
6-Methyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyrazinecarboxamide; and
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyrazinecarboxamide.
24. The method of claim 4, wherein Ar is optionally substituted pyrimidinyl.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein Ar is optionally substituted phenyl.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein Ar is optionally substituted 5-pyrimidinyl.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein said compound is N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-5-pyrimidinecarboxamide.
28. The method of claim 4, wherein Ar is optionally substituted pyridyl.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein Ar is optionally substituted phenyl.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein Ar is optionally substituted 2-pyridyl.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-2-pyridinecarboxamide; and
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-1-N-oxide-2-pyridinecarboxamide.
32. The method of claim 29, wherein Ar is optionally substituted 3-pyridyl.
33. The method of claim 32, wherein said compound is of Formula III:
20
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein
R1-R7 and RG-RIo are independently hydrogen, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, aryl, fused aryl, carbocyclic, a heterocyclic group, a heteroaryl group, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylalkynyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, nitro, amino, aminoalkyl, cyano, cyanoalkyl, acyl, acylamido, hydroxy, thiol, acyloxy, azido, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, carboxy, carbonylamido or alkylthiol; and
R11 is hydrogen; or alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein R1 and R2, or R2 and R3, or R3 and R4, or R4 and R5 are taken together to form an optionally substituted carbocycle or an optionally substituted heterocycle.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein said R1 and R2, or R2 and R3, or R3 and R4, or R4 and R5 are taken together to form OCH2O, (CH2)3, (CH2)4, OCH2CH2O, CH2N(R)CH2, CH2CH2N(R)CH2, CH2N(R)CH2CH2, CHCHCHCH, N(R)CHCH, CHCHN(R), OCHCH, CHCHO, SCHCH, CHCHS, NCHCHCH, CHNCHCH, CHCHNCH, CHCHCHN or NCHCHN, wherein the carbocycle or heterocycle is optionally substituted, and R is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, fused aryl, carbocyclic, a heterocyclic group, a heteroaryl group, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylalkynyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl or aminoalkyl.
36. The method of claim 33, wherein R6, R7 and R10 are independently hydrogen or fluoro.
37. The method of claim 33, wherein R1 is nitro.
38. The method of claim 33, wherein R2, R4, and R5 are independently hydrogen or fluoro.
39. The method of claim 33, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
N-(4-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
N-(4-Methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4,5-difluoro-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(3-bromo-4-methoxy-6-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Dichloro-N-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-methyl-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-N-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-cyano-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-2-cyanophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-dimethyl-6-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(3,4-dimethoxy-6-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxarnide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-cyano-4-methylphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-cioro-2-methyl-6-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide; and
4-Trifluoromethyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide.
40. The method of claim 33, wherein said compound is of Formula IV:
21
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.
41. The method of claim 40, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
6-Chloro-N-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-1-N-oxide-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Fluoro-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-trifluoromethyl-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethoxylphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-benzyloxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Methyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-cyano-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Dimethylamino- N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-t-butyl-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Trifluoromethyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide; and
6-Chloromethyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide.
42. A method for treating or preventing cancer, comprising administering to an animal in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of Formula V:
22
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein:
Ar and Ar are independently optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl, provided that the ring structure of said optionally substituted heteroaryl comprises not more than two nitr o ge n a toms; and
R11 is hydrogen; or alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted.
43. The method of claim 42, wherein said compound is of Formula I:
23
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, wherein:
A is N or CR8, B is N or CR9, D is N or CR10, E is N or CR6 and F is N or CR7, provided that not more than two of A, B, D, E and F are N in the same time;
Ar is optionally substituted and is an aryl or heteroaryl;
R6-R10 are independently hydrogen, halo, haloalkyl, aryl, fused aryl, carbocyclic, a heterocyclic group, a heteroaryl group, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylalkynyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, nitro, amino, cyano, acylamido, hydroxy, thiol, acyloxy, azido, alkoxy, carboxy, carbonylamido or alkylthiol; and
R11 is hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
44. The method of claim 42, wherein Ar is optionally substituted and is furyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl or phenyl.
45. The method of claim 42, wherein said cancer is selected from the group consisting of Hodgkin’s disease, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma, breast carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, lung carcinoma, Wilms’ tumor, cervical carcinoma, testicular carcinoma, soft-tissue sarcoma, primary macroglobulinemia, bladder carcinoma, chronic granulocytic leukemia, primary brain carcinoma, malignant melanoma, small-cell lung carcinoma, stomach carcinoma, colon carcinoma, malignant pancreatic insulinoma, malignant carcinoid carcinoma, malignant melanoma, choriocarcinoma, mycosis fungoides, head or neck carcinoma, osteogenic sarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, acute granulocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma, genitourinary carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, malignant hypercalcemia, cervical hyperplasia, renal cell carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis, adrenal cortex carcinoma, skin cancer and prostatic carcinoma.
46. A method for the treatment of drug resistant cancer, comprising administering to an animal in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of the Formula V:
24
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein:
Ar and Ar are independently optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl, provided that the ring structure of said optionally substituted heteroaryl comprises not more than two nitrogen atoms; and
R11 is hydrogen; or alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted.
47. The method of claim 46, wherein said compound is of Formula I:
25
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, wherein:
A is N or CR8, B is N or CR9, D is N or CR10, E is N or CR6 and F is N or CR7, provided that not more than two of A, B, D, E and F are N in the same time;
Ar is optionally substituted and is an aryl or heteroaryl;
R6-R10 are independently hydrogen, halo, haloalkyl, aryl, fused aryl, carbocyclic, a heterocyclic group, a heteroaryl group, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylalkynyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, nitro, amino, cyano, acylamido, hydroxy, thiol, acyloxy, azido, alkoxy, carboxy, carbonylamido or alkylthiol; and
R11 is hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
48. The method of claim 46, wherein Ar is optionally substituted and is furyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl or phenyl.
49. The method of claim 42 or 46, additionally comprising administering at least one known cancer chemotherapeutic agent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said agent.
50. The method of claim 49, wherein said known cancer therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of busulfan, cis-platin, mitomycin C, carboplatin, colchicine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, camptothecin, topotecan, doxorubicin, etoposide, 5-azacytidine, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, 5-fluoro-2-deoxy-uridine, ara-C, hydroxyurea, thioguanine, melphalan, chlorambucil, cyclophosamide, ifosfamide, vincristine, mitoguazone, epirubicin, aclarubicin, bleomycin, mitoxantrone, elliptinium, fludarabine, octreotide, retinoic acid, tamoxifen, Herceptin, Rituxan and alanosine.
51. The method of claim 42 or 46, additionally comprising treating said animal with radiation-therapy.
52. The method of claim 42 or 46, wherein said compound is administered after the surgical treatment of said animal for cancer.
53. The method of claim 1, wherein said disorder is an autoimmune disease.
54. The method of claim 1, wherein said disorder is rheumatoid arthritis.
55. The method of claim 1, wherein said disorder is inflamatory bowel disease.
56. The method of claim 1, wherein said disorder is a skin disease.
57. The method of claim 56, wherein said disorder is psoriasis.
58. A compound of Formula III:
26
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein:
R1 and R5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, amino and aminoalkyl, provided that at least one of R1 and R5 is selected from the group consisting of NO2, cyano, alkyl and haloalkyl;
R2 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, amino and aminoalkyl;
R3 is alkyl, Cl, F, haloalkyl, alkoxy, arylalkoxy, cyano, haloalkyloxy, amino or aminoalkyl;
R6 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkyloxy, amino or aminoalkyl;
R7 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkyloxy, amino or aminoalkyl;
R9 is hydroxy, alkyl, halogen, NO2, haloalkyl, alkoxy, cyano, haloalkyloxy, amino or aminoalkyl;
R10 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, Cl, F, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkyloxy, amino or aminoalkyl; and
R11 is hydrogen, alkyl or haloalkyl.
59. The compound of claim 58, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
6-Chloro-N-(4,5-difluoro-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(3-bromo-4-methoxy-6-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
5,6-Dichloro-N-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-methyl-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-N-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-cyano-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-2-cyanophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2,4-dimethyl-6-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(3,4-dimethoxy-6-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-cyano-4-methylphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-2-methyl-6-nitrophenyl) -3-pyridinecarboxamide; and
4-Trifluoromethyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide.
60. The compound of claim 58, wherein said compound is of Formula IV:
27
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.
61. The compound of claim 60, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
6-Chloro-N-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)- 1 -N-oxide-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Fluoro-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-trifluoromethyl-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethoxylphenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-benzyloxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Methyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-cyano-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-(2,2,2-Trifluoroethoxy)-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Dimethylamino-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Chloro-N-(4-t-butyl-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide;
6-Trifluoromethyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide; and
6-Chloromethyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide.
62. A compound of Formula (VI):
28
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein
R1-R5, R7 and R9-R10 are independently hy drogen, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, aryl, fused aryl, carbocyclic, a heterocyclic group, a heteroaryl group, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylalkynyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, nitro, amino, aminoalkyl, cyano, cyanoalkyl, acyl, acylamido, hydroxy, thiol, acyloxy, azido, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, carboxy, carbonylamido or alkylthiol; and
R11 is hydrogen; or alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted.
63. The compound of claim 62, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the prioviso that at least one of R1 and R5 is selected from the group consisting of NO2, cyano, alkyl and haloalkyl.
64. The compound of claim 62 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein:
R1 and R5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, halogen, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, amino and aminoalkyl;
R2 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, amino and aminoalkyl;
R3 is alkyl, Cl, F, haloalkyl, alkoxy, arylalkoxy, cyano, haloalkoxy, amino or aminoalkyl;
R7, R9 and R10 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, halogen, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, amino and aminoalkyl; and
R11 is hydrogen, alkyl or haloalkyl.
65. The compound of claim 64, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
6-Methyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyrazinecarboxamide; and
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyrazinecarboxamide.
66. A compound of Formula (VII):
29
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein:
R1-R3, R5-R10 are independently hydrogen, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, aryl, fused aryl, carbocyclic, a heterocyclic group, a heteroaryl group, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylalkynyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, nitro, amino, aminoalkyl, cyano, cyanoalkyl, acyl, acylamido, hydroxy, thiol, acyloxy, azido, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, carboxy, carbonylamido or alkylthiol; and
R11 is hydrogen; or alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted.
67. The compound of claim 66, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the prioviso that at least one of R6 and R7 is selected from the group consisting of NO2, cyano, alkyl and haloalkyl.
68. The compound of claim 67 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein:
R1, R2, R3 and R5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, halogen, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, amino and aminoalkyl;
R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, halogen, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, amino and aminoalkyl;
R8 and R10 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, halogen, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, amino and aminoalkyl;
R9 is hydroxy, alkyl, halogen, NO2, cyano, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, amino or aminoalkyl; and
R11 is hydroxy, alkyl or haloalky.
69. The compound of claim 68, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
4-Chloro-2-nitro-N-(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)-benzoylamide;
4-Chloro-2-nitro-N-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)-benzoylamide; and
4-Bromomethyl-3-nitro-N-(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)-benzoylamide.
70. A compound selected from the group consisting of:
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-3-pyrrolylcarboxamide;
4-Chloro-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-benzoylamide;
4-Chloromethyl-N-(4-ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-benzoylamide;
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-5-pyrimidinecarboxamide;
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl-2-pyridinecarboxamide; and
N-(4-Ethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)- 1 -N-oxide-2-pyridinecarboxamide.
71. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound of any one of claims 58-70, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
72. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 71, further comprising at least one known cancer chemotherapeutic agent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said agent.
73. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 72, wherein said known cancer chemotherapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of busulfan, cis-platin, mitomycin C, carboplatin, colchicine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, camptothecin, topotecan, doxorubicin, etoposide, 5-azacytidine, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, 5-fluoro-2-deoxy-uridine, ara-C, hydroxyurea, thioguanine, melphalan, chlorambucil, cyclophosamide, ifosfamide, vincristine, mitoguazone, epirubicin, aclarubicin, bleomycin, mitoxantrone, elliptinium, fludarabine, octreotide, retinoic acid, tamoxifen, Herceptin, Rituxan and alanosine.