1. A method for treating ocular hypertension and glaucoma, which comprises administrating an ophthalmic solution comprising as an active ingredient thereof 15-keto-prostaglandin compound having a ring structure at the end of the chain to a subject in need of said treatment, wherein the osmolarity ratio of said solution is 0.5 or more.
2. The method as described in claim 1, wherein said 15-keto-prostaglandin compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (I):
4
wherein L, M and N are hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, lower alkyl, hydroxy(lower)alkyl, lower alkanoyloxy or oxo, wherein at least one of L and M is a group other than hydrogen, and the five-membered ring may have at least one double bond;
A is CH3, CH2OH, COCH2OH, COOH or a functional derivative thereof;
B is CH2CH2, CHCH or CC;
R1 is a saturated or unsaturated bivalent lower or medium aliphatic hydrocarbon, which is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, alkyl, hydroxy, oxo, aryl or heterocyclic group, and at least one of carbon atom in the aliphatic hydrocarbon is optionally substituted by oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; and
Ra is a saturated or unsaturated lower or medium aliphatic hydrocarbon, which is substituted at the end by cyclo(lower)alkyl, cyclo(lower)alkyloxy, aryl, aryloxy, heterocyclic group or hetrocyclic-oxy group, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon is optionally substituted by halogen, oxo, hydroxy, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or lower alkanoyloxy.
3. The method as described in claim 1, wherein said 15-keto-prostaglandin compound is a 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin compound.
4. The method as described in claim 1, wherein said 15-keto-prostaglandin compound is a 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-prostaglandin compound.
5. The method as described in claim 1, wherein said 15-keto-prostaglandin compound is a 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGF2isopropyl ester.
6. The method as described in claim 1, wherein the osmolarity ratio of the ophthalmic solution is about 0.5-1.5.
7. The method as described in claim 1, wherein the osmolarity ratio of the ophthalmic solution is about 0.7-1.3.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A communication system comprising:
a first remote node comprising a memory and a first managed object member; and
a second remote node comprising a memory and a second managed object member;
wherein the first remote node and the second remote node are configured to communicate via a first communications protocol;
wherein the first managed object member and the second managed object member are configured to communicate via a second communications protocol; and
wherein the first communications protocol is different than the second communications protocol.
2. The communication system of claim 1, wherein the first communications protocol is at least one of a link access procedure-D channel protocol (LAPD), a transmission control protocolinternet protocol (TCPIP), a simple network management protocol (SNMP), or an internetwork packet exchange (IPX).
3. The communication system of claim 1, wherein the first remote node and the second remote node are configured to communicate via a landline and wherein the first managed object member and the second managed object member are configured to communicate via a wireless communication link.
4. The communication system of claim 1, wherein the first remote node and the second remote node are configured to communicate via a wireless communication link and wherein the first managed object member and the second managed object member are configured to communicate via a landline.
5. The communication system of claim 1, wherein the communication system is at least one of a software defined radio system, a mobile radio communication system, a cellular telephone communication system, or a telemetry system.
6. The communication system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first remote node or the second remote node is at least one of an operations and maintenance center-radio (OMC-R) server, an OMC-R client, a base station system, or a base transceiver station.
7. The communication system of claim 1, further comprising a master remote node comprising a memory and a master data structure with master data elements, wherein the master data structure comprises a complete data set of the communication system.
8. The communication system of claim 7, wherein the first managed object member comprises a temporary data structure configured to store update data, and wherein the second remote node is configured to communicate the update data to the first remote node.
9. The communication system of claim 8, wherein the first managed object member is configured to delete the temporary data structure in response to transmitting the update data to the master remote node.
10. The communication system of claim 9, wherein the temporary data structure is configured to store at least a portion of the update data in an update data element that is different than the master data elements of the master data structure.
11. A method comprising:
communicating, using a first communications protocol, from a first remote node to a second remote node; and
communicating, using a second communications protocol, from a first managed object member of the first remote node to a second managed object member of the second remote node;
wherein the first communications protocol is different than the second communications protocol.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising storing update data in a temporary data structure in the first managed object, wherein the update data is received from the second remote node.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising deleting the temporary data structure in response to transmitting the update data to a master remote node in a communication system.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the master remote node comprises a master data structure with master data elements, and wherein the master data structure comprises a complete data set of the communication system.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the temporary data structure stores at least a portion of the update data in an update data element that is different than the master data elements of the master data structure.
16. The method of claim 15, further comprising validating the update data at the first remote node prior to transmitting the update data to the master remote node.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising updating the master data structure with the update data in response to validating the update data at the master remote node, wherein the master remote node comprises a master managed object member that includes the master data structure.
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising initializing a second managed object member in a third remote node.
19. A communication system, comprising:
means for communicating, using a first communications protocol, from a first remote node to a second remote node; and
means for communicating, using a second communications protocol, from a first managed object member of the first remote node to a second managed object member of the second remote node;
wherein the first communications protocol is different than the second communications protocol.
20. A tangible computer readable medium having non-transitory instructions stored thereon that, in response to execution by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform a method comprising:
communicating, using a first communications protocol, from a first remote node to a second remote node; and
communicating, using a second communications protocol, from a first managed object member of the first remote node to a second managed object member of the second remote node;
wherein the first communications protocol is different than the second communications protocol.