1-9. (canceled)
10. A method for identifying a corrupted received signal at a receiver, a received signal including a plurality of symbols, each of the plurality of symbols having a value of a Galois field associated therewith, the receiver being configured to store a logarithm of normalized probability mass functions and corresponding Galois field values for each of the plurality of symbols, the normalized probability mass functions being normalized with respect to a greatest probability mass function of a given symbol of the plurality of symbols, the method comprising:
comparing, for each of the plurality of symbols, a logarithm of normalized probability of an n-th best probability value with a respective threshold, counting a number of the logarithms that exceed the respective threshold and generating, for each of the plurality of symbols, a score corresponding to the number;
calculating a moving average of the scores; and
comparing the calculated moving average with an output threshold and flagging a just received one of the plurality of symbols as corrupted based upon the comparison.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the score is equal to the count.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the method steps are performed in real-time.
13. The method of claim 10, further comprising updating the respective threshold when each of the plurality of symbols is received by at least:
calculating a moving average of the n-th best probability value for each of the plurality of symbols;
calculating a correction value of the moving average for the just received symbol proportionally to a distance between a first subsequence of last j, wherein j is an integer, elements of the moving averages and a second subsequence of last j elements of the n-th best probability value of each of the plurality of received symbols; and
calculating the threshold for the just received symbol as the sum of the moving average and of the correction value.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the distance is calculated according to the following formula:
L
\ue8a0
(
n
;
i
)
=
1
j
\xb7
\u2211
x
=
i
–
j
+
1
x
=
i
\ue89e
\uf603
SUPMF
\ue89e
(
n
;
x
)
–
AUSPMF
\ue8a0
(
n
;
x
)
\uf604
.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the distance is calculated according to the following formula:
L
\ue8a0
(
n
;
i
)
=
1
j
\xb7
\u2211
x
=
i
–
j
+
1
x
=
i
\ue89e
(
SUPMF
\ue8a0
(
n
;
x
)
–
AUSPMF
\ue8a0
(
n
;
x
)
)
2
.
16. The method of claim 10, wherein the output threshold is heuristically determined.
17. A non-transitory computer-readable medium for use with a computer and for identifying a corrupted received signal at a receiver, a received signal including a plurality of symbols, each of the plurality of symbols having a value of a Galois field associated therewith, the receiver being configured to store a logarithm of normalized probability mass functions and corresponding Galois field values for each of the plurality of symbols, the normalized probability mass functions being normalized with respect to a greatest probability mass function of a given symbol of the plurality of symbols, the computer having computer-readable instructions for causing the computer to perform the steps comprising:
comparing, for each of the plurality of symbols, a logarithm of normalized probability of an n-th best probability value with a respective threshold, counting a number of the logarithms that exceed the respective threshold and generating, for each of the plurality of symbols, a score corresponding to the number;
calculating a moving average of the scores; and
comparing the calculated moving average with an output threshold and flagging a just received one of the plurality of symbols as corrupted based upon the comparison.
18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the score is equal to the count.
19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the computer-readable instructions are for causing the computer to perform the steps in real-time.
20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the computer-readable instructions are for causing the computer to perform the steps further comprising updating the respective threshold when each of the plurality of symbols is received by at least:
calculating a moving average of the n-th best probability value for each of the plurality of symbols;
calculating a correction value of the moving average for the just received symbol proportionally to a distance between a first subsequence of last j, wherein j is an integer, elements of the moving averages and a second subsequence of last j elements of the n-th best probability value of each of the plurality of received symbols; and
calculating the respective threshold for the just received symbol as the sum of the moving average and of the correction value.
21. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 20, wherein the distance is calculated according to the following formula:
L
\ue8a0
(
n
;
i
)
=
1
j
\xb7
\u2211
x
=
i
–
j
+
1
x
=
i
\ue89e
\uf603
SUPMF
\ue8a0
(
n
;
x
)
–
AUSPMF
\ue8a0
(
n
;
x
)
\uf604
.
22. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 20, wherein the distance is calculated according to the following formula:
L
\ue8a0
(
n
;
i
)
=
1
j
\xb7
\u2211
x
=
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–
j
+
1
x
=
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(
SUPMF
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(
n
;
x
)
–
AUSPMF
\ue8a0
(
n
;
x
)
)
2
.
23. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the output threshold is heuristically determined.
24. A device for identifying a corrupted received signal, a received signal including a plurality of symbols, each of the plurality of symbols having a value of a Galois field associated therewith, the device comprising:
a detector configured to store a logarithm of normalized probability mass functions and corresponding Galois field values for each of the plurality of symbols, the normalized probability mass functions being normalized with respect to a greatest probability mass function of a given symbol;
a comparator configured to compare, for each of the plurality of symbols, a logarithm of normalized probability of an n-th best probability value for the given symbol with a respective threshold;
a counter configured to count the number of the logarithms that exceed the respective threshold;
a first circuit configured to generate a score corresponding to the number and calculate a moving average of the scores; and
a further comparator configured to compare the calculated moving average with an output threshold and to flag a just received symbol of the plurality of symbols based upon the comparison.
25. The device of claim 24, wherein the score is equal to the count.
26. The device of claim 24, wherein said first circuit is configured to:
calculate a moving average of the n-th best probability value for each of the plurality of symbols;
calculate a correction value of the moving average for the just received symbol proportionally to a distance between a first subsequence of last j, wherein j is an integer, elements of the moving averages and a second subsequence of last j elements of the n-th best probability value of each of the plurality of received symbols; and
calculate the threshold for the just received symbol as the sum of the moving average and of the correction value.
27. The device of claim 26, wherein said first circuit is configured to calculate the distance according to the following formula:
L
\ue8a0
(
n
;
i
)
=
1
j
\xb7
\u2211
x
=
i
–
j
+
1
x
=
i
\ue89e
\uf603
SUPMF
\ue8a0
(
n
;
x
)
–
AUSPMF
\ue8a0
(
n
;
x
)
\uf604
.
28. The device of claim 26, wherein said first circuit is configured to calculate the distance according to the following formula:
L
\ue8a0
(
n
;
i
)
=
1
j
\xb7
\u2211
x
=
i
–
j
+
1
x
=
i
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(
SUPMF
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(
n
;
x
)
–
AUSPMF
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(
n
;
x
)
)
2
.
29. The device of claim 24, wherein said first circuit is configured to determine the output threshold heuristically.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device comprising:
an electrical insulation sheet having an insulation electrical impedance and having a discharge channel having an channel electrical impedance less than the insulation electrical impedance and configured to direct an electrostatic discharge to a ground potential of the portable device.
2. An ESD protection device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the discharge channel is an opening within the electrical insulation sheet positioned adjacent to a ground area of a printed circuit board.
3. An ESD protection device in accordance with claim 2, wherein the electrical insulation sheet is a dome contact sheet comprising a plurality of dome contacts configured to make electrical connections on the printed circuit board when deformed.
4. An ESD protection device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the electrical insulation sheet has a plurality of discharge channels having channel impedances less than the insulation electrical impedance.
5. An electronic portable device comprising:
a printed circuit board comprising a ground area;
an electrical insulation sheet having an insulation electrical impedance and having a discharge channel having an channel electrical impedance less than the insulation electrical impedance, the electrical insulation sheet positioned adjacent to the printed circuit board to align the discharge channel over at least a portion of the ground area.
6. An electronic portable device in accordance with claim 5, wherein the discharge channel is configured to direct an electrostatic discharge originating on a side opposite the printed circuit board to the ground area.
7. An electronic portable device in accordance with claim 5, wherein the electrical insulation sheet comprises a plurality of dome contacts positioned adjacent to a plurality of contact pads on the printed circuit board, each dome contact configured to form an electrical connection between a center contact pad and a peripheral contact pad when deformed.
8. An electronic portable device in accordance with claim 7, wherein peripheral contact pad comprises a ground potential contact area.
9. An electronic portable device in accordance with claim 8, further comprising:
a housing at least partially enclosing the printed circuit board and the electrical insulation sheet; and
device circuitry within discharge avoidance areas, the portable electronic device having at least one device discharge path extending from an exterior of the housing through the discharge channel to the ground area and having a path impedance less than any undesired discharge path passing through the device circuitry.
10. An electronic portable device in accordance with claim 9, wherein the device circuitry comprises signal traces on the printed circuit board.
11. An electronic portable device in accordance with claim 9, wherein the device circuitry comprises electrical components on the printed circuit board.
12. An electronic portable device in accordance with claim 9, wherein the device circuitry comprises wires extending from the printed circuit board.
13. A portable communication device comprising:
a printed circuit board comprising a ground area and a plurality of contact pad sets comprising a center contact area and a peripheral contact area;
an electrical insulation sheet comprising a plurality of dome contacts poisoned over the contact area pairs and configured to form an electrical connection between a corresponding center contact area and a corresponding peripheral contact area, the electrical insulation sheet having a plurality of discharge channels having electrical impedances less than a sheet electrical impedance of the electrical insulation sheet and positioned adjacent to at least portions of the ground area.
14. A portable communication device in accordance with claim 13, wherein the discharge channels are configured to direct an electrostatic discharge originating on a side opposite the printed circuit board to the ground area.
15. A portable communication device in accordance with claim 13, wherein the peripheral contact pad comprises a ground potential contact area.
16. A portable communication device in accordance with claim 13, further comprising:
a housing at least partially enclosing the printed circuit board and the electrical insulation sheet; and
device circuitry within discharge avoidance areas, the portable communication device having at least one device discharge path extending from an exterior of the housing through the discharge channel to the ground area and having a path impedance less than any undesired discharge path passing through the device circuitry.
17. A portable communication device in accordance with claim 16, wherein the device circuitry comprises signal traces on the printed circuit board.
18. A portable communication device in accordance with claim 16, wherein the device circuitry comprises electrical components on the printed circuit board.
19. A portable communication device in accordance with claim 16, wherein the device circuitry comprises wires extending from the printed circuit board.
20. A portable communication device in accordance with claim 16, further comprising an electrically conductive button, device discharge path passing through electrically conductive button.