1. A resin with lowered polydispersity index, comprising the reaction product of the following reactants:
at least two different acrylate monomers;
at least one initiator; and
at least one chain transfer reagent,
wherein the reaction product has a polydispersity index of 1.5 or less.
2. The resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acrylate monomer has a formula (I), of.
wherein
R1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
R2 is a hydrogen atom, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, adamantyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the acrylate monomer according to formula (I) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
3. The resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initiator is an agent generating free radical species through decomposition.
4. The resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initiator is peroxide initiators, azo initiators, or combinations thereof.
5. The resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent.
6. The resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent according to formula (III), of
wherein
Z is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroalkylaryl group, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, \u2014OR\u2033, \u2014SR\u2033, \u2014NR\u20332, or \u2014POR\u20332, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof;
R7 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the RAFT reagent according to formula (III) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
7. The resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent according to formula (IV), of
wherein
Z is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroalkylaryl group, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, \u2014OR\u2033, \u2014SR\u2033, \u2014NR\u20332, or \u2014POR\u20332, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof;
R8 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkoxy group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, alkynyloxy group, or combinations thereof;
R9 and R10 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
X is N or \u2014CH;
Y is O or S; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the RAFT reagent according to formula (IV) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has a hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
8. The resin as claimed in claim 7, wherein the R9 and R10 are jointly constructed of cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, cycloalkenyl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or polycyclic alkyl group.
9. The resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chain transfer reagent is
or combinations thereof,
wherein
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the chain transfer reagent is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033,or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
10. The resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction product has an average molecular weight from 2000 to 30000.
11. A resin with lowered polydispersity index, comprising the reaction product of the following reactants:
at least one norbornene monomer in a ratio from 1 ppm to 100 wt %;
at least one acrylate monomer, in a ratio from 0 wt % to 99.99999 wt %, based on the weight of at least one norbornene monomer and at least one acrylate monomer;
at least one initiator; and
at least one chain transfer reagent,
wherein the reaction product has a polydispersity index of 1.5 or less.
12. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the acrylate monomer has a formula (I), of:
wherein
R1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
R2 is a hydrogen atom, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, adamantyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the acrylate monomer according to formula (I) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
13. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the norbornene monomer has a formula (II), of:
wherein
R3, R4, R5, and R6 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the norbornene monomer according to formula (II) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein the R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
14. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the initiator is an agent generating free radical species through decomposition.
15. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the initiator is peroxide initiators, azo initiators, or combinations thereof.
16. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent.
17. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent according to formula (III), of
wherein
Z is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroalkylaryl group, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, \u2014OR\u2033, \u2014SR\u2033, \u2014NR\u20332, or \u2014POR\u20332, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof;
R7 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteraryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the RAFT reagent according to formula (III) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
18. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent according to formula (IV), of:
wherein
Z is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroalkylaryl group, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, \u2014OR\u2033, \u2014SR\u2033, \u2014NR\u20332, or \u2014POR\u20332, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group,heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof;
R8 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkoxy group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, alkynyloxy group, or combinations thereof;
R9 and R10 are the same or different and selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
X is N or \u2014CH;
Y is O or S; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the RAFT reagent according to formula (IV) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
19. The resin as claimed in claim 18, wherein the R9 and R10 are jointly constructed of cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, cycloalkenyl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or polycyclic alkyl group.
20. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the chain transfer reagent is
or combinations thereof,
wherein
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the chain transfer reagent is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalky group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
21. The resin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the reaction product has an average molecular weight from 2000 to 30000.
22. A preparation of a resin with lowered PDI, comprising:
reacting at least one reactive monomer, at least one initiator, and at least one chain transfer reagent undergoing polymerization to obtain a resin with lowered PDI,
wherein the reactive monomer comprises acrylate monomer, norbornene monomer, or combinations thereof.
23. The preparation as claimed in claim 22, wherein the acrylate monomer has a formula (I), of.
wherein
R1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or alkylaryl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
R2 is a hydrogen atom, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, adamantyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, alkylaryl group, or arylalkyl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the acrylate monomer according to formula (I) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
24. The preparation as claimed in claim 22, wherein the initiator is an agent generating free radical species through decomposition.
25. The preparation as claimed in claim 22, wherein the initiator is peroxide initiator, azo initiators, or combinations thereof.
26. The preparation as claimed in claim 22, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent.
27. The preparation as claimed in claim 22, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent according to formula (III), of
wherein
Z is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, alkylaryl group, arylalkyl group, heteroalkylaryl group, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, \u2014OR\u2033, \u2014SR\u2033, \u2014NR\u20332, or \u2014POR\u20332, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, group,heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or combinations thereof;
R7 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, alkylaryl group, or arylalkyl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the RAFT reagent according to formula (III) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
28. The preparation as claimed in claim 22, wherein the chain transfer reagent is a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer reagent according to formula (IV), of:
wherein
Z is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, alkylaryl group, arylalkyl group, heteroalkylaryl group, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, \u2014OR\u2033, \u2014SR\u2033, \u2014NR\u20332, or \u2014POR\u20332, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or combinations thereof;
R8 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkoxy group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, alkynyloxy group, or combinations thereof;
R9 and R10 are the same or different and selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, amino group, cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, polycyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, alkylaryl group, or arylalkyl group, wherein the saturated or unsaturated alkyl group is straight or branched and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
X is N or \u2014CH;
Y is O or S; and
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the RAFT reagent according to formula (IV) is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
29. The preparation as claimed in claim 28, wherein the R9 and R10 are jointly constructed of cycloalkyl group, heterocycloalkyl group, cycloalkenyl group, alkylaryl group, arylalkyl group, heteroaryl group, or polycyclic alkyl group.
30. The preparation as claimed in claim 22, wherein the chain transfer reagent is
or combinations thereof,
wherein
optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the chain transfer reagent is substituted by a fluorine atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, \u2014R\u2033, \u2014CO2H, \u2014CO2R\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CO2H, \u2014COR\u2033, \u2014R\u2033CN, \u2014CONH2, \u2014CONHR\u2033, \u2014CONR\u20332, \u2014OCOR\u2033, or \u2014OR\u2033, wherein R\u2033 is saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, thioalkyl group, alkynyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, alkenyl group, alkynylene group, alkenyloxy group, heterocycloalkyl group, aryl group, alkylaryl group, heteroaryl group, arylalkyl group, or combinations thereof, provided that when R\u2033 has hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon, optionally at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of R\u2033 is substituted by a fluorine atom, or halogen atom.
31. The preparation as claimed in claim 22, wherein the reaction product has an average molecular weight from 2000 to 30000.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An image capturing lens assembly comprising, in order from an object side to an image side:
a first lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface;
second lens element having negative refractive power;
a third lens element having refractive power;
a fourth lens element having refractive power, wherein both of an object-side surface and an image-side surface of the fourth lens element are aspheric; and
a fifth lens element with positive refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, wherein both of the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element are aspheric;
wherein each of the first through fifth lens elements with refractive power is single and non-cemented, the image capturing lens assembly has a total of five lens elements with refractive power and further comprises a stop, an axial distance between the third lens element and the fourth lens element is T34, an axial distance between the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element is T45, an axial distance between the stop and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element is Sd, an axial distance between the object-side surface of the first lens element and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element is Td, an axial distance between the image-side surface of the fifth lens element and an image plane is BL, and the following relationships are satisfied:
0<T45T34<0.8;
0.7<SdTd<1.2; and
0.1<BLTd<0.7.
2. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 1, wherein a curvature radius of the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is R8, a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fifth lens element is R9, and the following relationship is satisfied:
|R8R9|<0.80.
3. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 2, wherein the object-side surface of the fourth lens element is concave and the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is convex.
4. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 3, wherein the third lens element has positive refractive power.
5. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 3, wherein a focal length of the image capturing lens assembly is f, a focal length of the fifth lens element is f5, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0<ff5<0.8.
6. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 3, wherein the fourth lens element has negative refractive power.
7. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 3, wherein a vertical distance between a maximum effective diameter position on the object-side surface of the first lens element and an optical axis is SD11, a vertical distance between a maximum effective diameter position on the image-side surface of the fifth lens element and the optical axis is SD52, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0.2<SD11SD52<0.6.
8. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 3, wherein at least one inflection point is formed on at least one of the object-side surface and the image side surface of at least one of the first through fifth lens elements.
9. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 3, wherein a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fourth lens element is R7, a focal length of the image capturing lens assembly is f, and the following relationship is satisfied:
\u22120.35<R7f<0.
10. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 2, wherein a focal length of the image capturing lens assembly is f, a focal length of the fourth lens element is f4, and the following relationship is satisfied:
\u22122.0<ff4<1.5.
11. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 10, wherein the focal length of the image capturing lens assembly is f, the focal length of the fourth lens element is f4, and the following relationship is satisfied:
\u22121.5<ff4<0.3.
12. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 10, wherein a central thickness of the fourth lens element is CT4, a central thickness of the fifth lens element is CT5, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0.1<CT4CT5<0.5.
13. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 10, wherein the axial distance between the third lens element and the fourth lens element is T34, the axial distance between the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element is T45, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0.02<T45T34<0.5.
14. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 1, wherein an axial distance between the object-side surface of the first lens element and the image plane is TL, a focal length of the image capturing lens assembly is f, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0.7<TLf<1.4.
15. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 14, wherein the focal length of the image capturing lens assembly is f, a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fifth lens element is R9, a curvature radius of the image-side surface of the fifth lens element is R10, and the following relationship is satisfied:
|fR9|+|fR10|<1,5.
16. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 1, wherein an Abbe number of the second lens element is V2, an Abbe number of the fourth lens element is V4, an Abbe number of the fifth lens element is V5, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0.5<(V2+V4)V5<1.0.
17. An image capturing lens assembly comprising, in order from an object side to an image side:
a first lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface;
a second lens element having negative refractive power;
a third lens element having refractive power;
a fourth lens element having refractive power, wherein both of an object-side surface and an image-side surface of the fourth lens element are aspheric; and
a fifth lens element with positive refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, wherein both of the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element are aspheric;
wherein each of the first through fifth lens elements with refractive power is single and non-cemented, the image capturing lens assembly has a total of five lens elements with refractive power and further comprises a stop, at least one inflection point is formed on at least one of the object-side surface and the image-side surface of at least one of the first through fifth lens elements, an axial distance between the third lens element and the fourth lens element is T34, an axial distance between the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element is T45, an axial distance between the stop and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element is Sd, an axial distance between the object-side surface of the first lens element and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element is Td, and the following relationships are satisfied:
0<T45T34<1.2; and
0.7<SdTd<1.2.
18. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 17, wherein the object-side surface of the fourth lens element is concave and the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is convex.
19. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 18, wherein a focal length of the fourth lens element is f4, a focal length of the fifth lens element is f5, and the following relationship is satisfied:
\u22120.8<f4f5<0.8.
20. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 18, wherein the third lens element has positive refractive power, a curvature radius of the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is R8, a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fifth lens element is R9, and the following relationship is satisfied:
R8R9|<0.80.
21. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 18, wherein the axial distance between the third lens element and the fourth lens element is T34, the axial distance between the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element is T45, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0.02<T45T34<0.5.
22. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 18, wherein a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fourth lens element is R7, a curvature radius of the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is R8, and the following relationship is satisfied:
\u22120.3<(R7\u2212R8)(R7+R8)<0.
23. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 17, wherein a vertical distance between a maximum effective diameter position on the object-side surface of the first lens element and an optical axis is SD11, a vertical distance between a maximum effective diameter position on the image-side surface of the fifth lens element and the optical axis is SD52, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0.2<SD11SD52<0.6.
24. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 17, wherein a focal length of the image capturing lens assembly is f, a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fifth lens element is R9, a curvature radius of the image-side surface of the fifth lens element is R10, and the following relationship is satisfied:
|fR9|+|fR10|<1.5.
25. The image capturing lens assembly of claim 17, wherein an Abbe number of the second lens element is V2, an Abbe number of the fourth lens element is V4, an Abbe number of the fifth lens element is V5, and the following relationship is satisfied:
0.5<(V2+V4)V5<1.0.