1. A ring binder mechanism for holding loose-leaf pages, the ring binder mechanism comprising:
a housing;
a ring mount supported by the housing for movement relative to the housing;
rings for holding the loose-leaf pages, each ring including a first ring member and a second ring member, the first ring member being operatively connected to the ring mount for movement relative to the second ring member between a closed position and an opened position of said ring members, in the closed position the two ring members forming a substantially continuous, closed loop for allowing loose-leaf pages retained by the rings to be moved along the rings from one ring member to the other, and in the opened position the two ring members forming a discontinuous, open loop for adding or removing loose-leaf pages from the rings; and
a holder mounted on the housing and adapted to releasably hold an object.
2. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 1 wherein the holder is expandable for holding objects of different sizes.
3. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 2 wherein the holder is sized and shaped for holding a writing implement.
4. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 3 in combination with a writing implement.
5. The combination as set forth in claim 4 wherein the writing implement has a cross-sectional diameter between about 6.5 mm and about 16 mm.
6. The combination as set forth in claim 5 wherein the writing implement is selected from a group consisting of a pen, a pencil and a marker.
7. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 3 wherein the holder comprises an accordion folded member that is resiliently moveable between a more folded condition and an expanded, more unfolded condition.
8. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 7 wherein the holder further comprises a bracket mounted on the housing for securing the accordion folded member to the housing.
9. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 8 wherein the housing has slots therein, portions of the bracket being received in the slots for mounting the bracket on the housing.
10. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 9 wherein the bracket comprises tabs received in the slots for mounting the holder to the ring binder mechanism.
11. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 9 wherein the bracket captures at least one fold of the accordion folded member thereby securing the member to the housing.
12. The ring binder mechanism as set forth in claim 1 in combination with a cover having a front, a back, and a spine, the front and back being hingedly attached to the spine for movement to selectively cover and expose the loose-leaf pages, the ring binder mechanism being mounted on the cover.
13. A ring binder mechanism for holding loose-leaf pages, the ring binder mechanism comprising:
a housing having slots therein;
a ring mount supported by the housing for movement relative to the housing;
rings for holding the loose-leaf pages, each ring including a first ring member and a second ring member, the first ring member being operatively connected to the ring mount for movement relative to the second ring member between a closed position and an opened position of said ring members, in the closed position the two ring members forming a substantially continuous, closed loop for allowing loose-leaf pages retained by the rings to be moved along the rings from one ring member to the other, and in the opened position the two ring members forming a discontinuous, open loop for adding or removing loose-leaf pages from the rings; and
a holder assembly mounted on the housing and adapted to releasably hold an object, the holder assembly comprising an accordion folded member that is resiliently moveable between a more folded condition and an expanded, more unfolded condition and a bracket comprising tabs received in the slots in the housing and bent around the housing for securing the accordion folded member to the housing.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for providing a low-molecular radical
which comprises a super-stable radical generating reaction for generating a super-stable perfluoroalkyl-based radical from a radical-carrying molecule and
a radical releasing reaction for releasing the low-molecular radical from said super-stable perfluoroalkyl-based radical,
said radical-carrying molecule being generated as a result of said radical releasing reaction.
2. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1,
wherein the super-stable radical generating reaction comprises introducing a low-molecular-pre-radical group into the radical-carrying molecule,
said low-molecular-pre-radical group being a group having the same structure as the low-molecular radical.
3. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1,
wherein the radical-carrying molecule is a hexafluoropropene trimer.
4. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1,
wherein the low-molecular radical is a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl having 1 to 16 carbon atoms or a free radical represented by the following general formula (1):
RfRah(1)
in the formula, Rah represents a nitrogen atom having two unpaired electrons, an oxygen atom having one unpaired electron or a sulfur atom having one unpaired electron, and Rf represents a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
5. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1,
wherein the low-molecular radical is a linear substituted aminyl represented by the following general formula (2):
Rf2RaN(2)
in the formula, RaN represents a nitrogen atom having one unpaired electron and each Rf is the same or different from each other and represents a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
or a cyclic substituted aminyl represented by the following general formula (3):
7
in the formula, RaN is defined as described above, T represents a perfluoroalkylene group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms and having or not having 1 to 2 ethereal oxygen.
6. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1,
wherein the super-stable perfluoroalkyl-based radical is a free radical represented by the following general formula (4):
(CF3)2CF(CF3)2CYRacCF(CF3)Z(4)
in the formula, Rac represents a carbon atom having one unpaired electron, and Y and Z are the same or different and each represents F or the low-molecular-pre-radical group, provided that Y and Z are not simultaneously F.
7. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 6,
wherein the super-stable perfluoroalkyl-based radical is a super-stable perfluoroalkyl-based radical (AR) represented by the following general formula (5):
(CF3)2CF2RacCF (CF3)Z(5)
in the formula, Rac represents a carbon atom having one unpaired electron, and Z represents the low-molecular-pre-radical group.
8. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1,
wherein the low-molecular-pre-radical group is a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms or a group represented by the following general formula (6):
RfQ-(6)
in the formula, Q represents a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and Rf represents a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
9. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1,
wherein the low-molecular-pre-radical group is a linear substituted aminyl group represented by the following general formula (7):
Rf2N(7)
in the formula, each Rf is the same or different from each other and represents a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
or a cyclic substituted aminyl group represented by the following general formula (8):
8
in the formula, T represents a perfluoroalkylene group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms and having or not having 1 to 2 ethereal oxygen.
10. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1,
wherein the radical releasing reaction is one carried out by means of heat andor light.
11. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 2,
wherein the introduction of the low-molecular-pre-radical group into the radical-carrying molecule comprises using a hexafluoropropene trimer as said radical-carrying molecule and reacting said hexafluoropropene trimer with a trialkylperfluoroalkylsilane represented by the following general formula (9):
9
in the formula, Rf represents a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and R1, R2 and R3 are the same or different and each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms,
in an aprotic polar solvent using a fluoride ion as a catalyst to thereby form a highly branched perfluoroolefin represented by the following general formula (10):
(CF3)2CF(CF3)2CYCC(CF3)Z(10)
in the formula, Y and Z are the same or different and each represents F or Rf, provided that Y and Z are not simultaneously F, and Rf is defined as described above.
12. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 11
wherein the super-stable radical generating reaction further comprises fluorinating the highly branched perfluoroolefin to thereby form a super-stable perfluoroalkyl radical represented by the following general formula (11):
(CF3)2CF(CF3)2CYRacCF(CF3)Z(11)
in the formula, Rac represents a carbon atom having one unpaired electron, Y and Z are the same or different and each represents F or Rf, provided that Y and Z are not simultaneously F, and Rf represents a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
13. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 11,
wherein the highly branched perfluoroolefin is perfluoro(2,4-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-2-pentene), perfluoro(2,4,4-trimethyl-3-isopropyl-2-pentene) or perfluoro(4,4-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-2-pentene).
14. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 11
wherein the aprotic polar solvent is 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and
wherein the highly branched perfluoroolefin is a highly branched perfluoroolefin (A) represented by the following general formula (12):
(CF3)2CF2CC(CF3)Rf(12)
in the formula, Rf represents a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
said highly branched perfluoroolefin (A) being formed selectively.
15. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 14
wherein the highly branched perfluoroolefin (A) is perfluoro(2,4-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-2-pentene).
16. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 12
wherein the highly branched perfluoroolefin is a highly branched perfluoroolefin (B) represented by the following general formula (13):
(CF3)2CF(CF3)2CRfCC(CF3)Rf(13)
in the formula, each Rf is the same or different from each other and represents a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and
wherein the super-stable perfluoroalkyl radical is a super-stable perfluoroalkyl radical (AR) represented by the following general formula (11a):
(CF3)2CF2RacCF(CF3)Rf(11a)
in the formula, Rac represents a carbon atom having one unpaired electron and Rf is defined as described above.
17. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 16,
wherein the highly branched perfluoroolefin (B) is perfluoro(2,4,4-tromethyl-3-isopropyl-2-pentene).
18. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 11,
wherein the trialkylperfluoroalkylsilane is trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane.
19. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 3,
wherein the radical-carrying molecule is perfluoro(4-methyl-3-isopropyl-2-pentene).
20. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 4,
wherein the low-molecular radical is trifluoromethyl.
21. The method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 7,
wherein the super-stable perfluoroalkyl-based radical is perfluoro(2,4-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-3-pentyl).
22. A radical-carrying molecule
which is used in the method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1.
23. The radical-carrying molecule according to claim 22
which is perfluoro(4-methyl-3-isopropyl-2-pentene).
24. A process for polymerization
which comprises using the low-molecular radical released by the method for providing the low-molecular radical according to claim 1 as a polymerization initiator.
25. A polymer
which is obtained by the production method of the polymer according to claim 24.