1. A heterogeneous rubbery polymer comprising:
a polymer chain that is derived from a vinyl aromatic monomer and a conjugated diolefin monomer,
wherein from greater than 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of units in the rubbery polymer are derived from the vinyl aromatic monomer and from about 60 weight percent to about 80 weight percent of units in the rubbery polymer are derived from the conjugated diolefin monomer,
wherein greater than zero and less than about 30 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic units are in sequences containing 1 vinyl aromatic unit, from about 5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic units are in sequences containing 5 to 8 vinyl aromatic units, and greater than zero and less than about 5 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic units are in sequences containing 9 or more vinyl aromatic units, and
further wherein from about 30 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of the conjugated diolefin units have a cis-microstructure and from about 50 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of the conjugated diolefin units have a trans-microstructure.
2. The heterogeneous rubbery polymer of claim 1 further comprising a number average molecular weight that is within the range of 100,000 to 475,000.
3. The heterogeneous rubbery polymer of claim 1 further comprising a glass transition temperature (Tg) that is within the range of \u221282\xb0 C. to \u221250\xb0 C.
4. The heterogeneous rubbery polymer of claim 1 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, divinyl benzene and diisopropenylbenzene.
5. The heterogeneous rubbery polymer of claim 4 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is styrene.
6. The heterogeneous rubbery polymer of claim 1 wherein the conjugated diolefin monomer is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene.
7. The heterogeneous rubbery polymer of claim 6 wherein the conjugated diolefin monomer is 1,3-butadiene.
8. The heterogeneous rubbery polymer of claim 1 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is styrene and the conjugated diolefin monomer is 1,3-butadiene.
9. A rubber composition comprising the heterogeneous rubbery polymer of claim 1.
10. A tire comprising:
a tire tread including a rubber composition having a heterogeneous rubbery polymer, the heterogeneous rubber polymer comprising:
a polymer chain that is derived from a vinyl aromatic monomer and a conjugated diolefin monomer,
wherein from greater than 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of units in the rubbery polymer are derived from the vinyl aromatic monomer and from about 60 weight percent to about 80 weight percent of units in the rubbery polymer are derived from the conjugated diolefin monomer,
wherein greater than zero and less than about 30 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic units are in sequences containing 1 vinyl aromatic unit, from about 5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic units are in sequences containing 5 to 8 vinyl aromatic units, and greater than zero and less than about 5 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic units are in sequences containing 9 or more vinyl aromatic units, and
further wherein from about 30 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of the conjugated diolefin units have a cis-microstructure and from about 50 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of the conjugated diolefin units have a trans-microstructure.
11. The tire of claim 10 wherein the heterogeneous rubber polymer further comprises a number average molecular weight that is within the range of 100,000 to 475,000.
12. The tire of claim 10 wherein the heterogeneous rubber polymer further comprises a glass transition temperature (Tg) that is within the range of \u221282\xb0 C. to \u221250\xb0 C.
13. The tire of claim 10 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, divinyl benzene and diisopropenylbenzene.
14. The tire of claim 13 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is styrene.
15. The tire of claim 10 wherein the conjugated diolefin monomer is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene.
16. The tire of claim 15 wherein the conjugated diolefin monomer is 1,3-butadiene.
17. The tire of claim 10 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is styrene and the conjugated diolefin monomer is 1,3-butadiene.
18. A method of malting a heterogeneous rubbery polymer comprising:
solution polymerizing vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated diolefin monomers in the presence of an anionic initiator in a first vessel at a first polymerizing set point for a first stage duration of time, and
further polymerizing the monomers in a second vessel at a second polymerizing set point for a second stage duration of time, wherein said second polymerizing set point is higher than the first polymerizing set point to form a heterogeneous rubbery polymer, the heterogeneous rubber polymer being derived from the vinyl aromatic monomers and the conjugated diolefin monomers,
wherein from greater than 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of units in the rubbery polymer are derived from the vinyl aromatic monomers and from about 60 weight percent to about 80 weight percent of units in the rubbery polymer are derived from the conjugated diolefin monomers,
wherein greater than zero and less than about 30 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic units are in sequences containing 1 styrene unit, from about 5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of the vinyl, aromatic units are in sequences containing 5 to 8 vinyl aromatic units, and greater than zero and less than about 5 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic units are in sequences containing 9 or more vinyl aromatic units, and
further wherein from about 30 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of the conjugated diolefin units have a cis-microstructure and from about 50 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of the conjugated diolefin units have a trans-microstructure.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is styrene and the conjugated diolefin monomer is butadiene.
20. The method of claim 18 wherein the first polymerizing set point is in a range of about 180\xb0 F. to about 195\xb0 F. and the second polymerization set point is in a range of about 210\xb0 F. to about 245\xb0 F.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A field device in an industrial process control system, comprising:
an electrically grounded housing;
an electrical circuit having a plurality of electrical components including wireless communication circuitry located within the housing;
an antenna attached to the housing;
an electrical conductor having a shield positioned between the wireless communication circuitry and the antenna; and
wherein the electrical conductor is configured to transmit electrical signals between the electrical circuit and the antenna, wherein the electrical circuit is electrically isolated from the housing, and wherein the shield is electrically grounded to the housing.
2. The field device of claim 1 and further comprising:
a transformer having a first winding coupled to the electrical circuit and a second winding having a first terminal in electrical communication with the antenna.
3. The field device of claim 2 and further comprising:
a printed circuit board located within the housing, wherein at least one of the plurality of the components of the electrical circuit and the transformer are located thereon.
4. The field device of claim 2, wherein the housing includes a connector that is electrically grounded to the housing and wherein a second terminal of the second winding is grounded to the housing through the connector.
5. The field device of claim 4, wherein the electrical conductor is attached to the second winding on a first end and the connector on a second end and wherein the shield is grounded to the housing.
6. The field device of claim 4, wherein the transformer is positioned adjacent and attached to the connector.
7. The field device of claim 2, wherein the transformer has a turn ratio between the first and second windings other than about 1:1.
8. The field device of claim 1 and further comprising:
a lightning arrestor positioned between the antenna and the electrical circuit.
9. The field device of claim 8, wherein the lightning arrestor is electrically grounded to the housing.
10. The field device of claim 1, wherein the field device is a process variable transmitter.
11. A field device in an industrial process control system, comprising:
an electrically grounded housing;
an electrical circuit disposed within the housing, the electrical circuit configured to produce a signal indicative of a sensed process parameter or variable;
a wireless communication device electrically coupled to the electrical circuit;
an antenna attached to the housing; and
a transformer having a first winding coupled to the wireless communication device and a second winding coupled to the antenna.
12. The field device of claim 11, wherein the electrical circuit is electrically isolated from the housing.
13. The field device of claim 12 and further comprising:
a lightning arrestor positioned between the antenna and the wireless communication device.
14. The field device of claim 11 and further comprising:
a printed circuit board located within the housing, wherein the wireless communication device and the transformer are attached to the printed circuit board.
15. The field device of claim 11 and further comprising:
an electrical conductor having a shield, wherein the shield is attached to the second winding on a first end and wherein the shield is grounded to the housing.
16. The field device of claim 11, wherein the wireless communication device includes a radio frequency transmitter.
17. A method of communicating for a field device in an industrial process control system, comprising:
providing a wireless communication device located within and electrically isolated from a housing for sending and receiving information to and from remote devices;
attaching an antenna to the housing;
positioning a transformer between the wireless communication device and the antenna; and
transmitting a signal between the wireless communication device and the antenna via the transformer.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the step of transmitting a signal includes transmitting a radio frequency signal.
19. The method of claim 17, and further comprising the step of attaching an electrical conductor having a shield between the transformer and the antenna so that the shield is grounded to the housing.
20. The method of claim 17 and further comprising:
attaching a lightning arrestor between the antenna and the wireless communication device, wherein the lightning arrestor is electrically grounded to the housing.