1. A rear vehicle structure housing an electrical system unit in a rear of a vehicle, the rear vehicle structure comprising:
at least two side members, each of the side members having a forward end and a rearward end;
at least two extension parts, each of the extension parts extending rearwardly from a respective one of the rearward ends of a respective one of the at least two side members; and
at least two cross members, including a forward cross member and a rearward cross member, located above rear suspension members of the vehicle,
the electrical system unit being fixedly attached to a top of at least one of the forward cross member and the rearward cross member, and including a harness that is attached to the electrical system unit and exits through a floor part of the vehicle in a downward direction therefrom, an electrical power output part provided on a bottom of the electrical system unit, and a harness removal part provided in the floor part of the vehicle adjacent the electrical power output part, the floor part of the vehicle being enclosed by the at least two cross members and the at least two side members, a region between the electrical power output part and the harness removal part being sealed with a gasket.
2. A rear vehicle structure housing an electrical system unit in a rear of a vehicle, the rear vehicle structure comprising:
at least two side members, each of the side members having a forward end and a rearward end;
at least two extension parts, each of the extension parts extending rearwardly from a respective one of the rearward ends of a respective one of the at least two side members;
at least two cross members, including a forward cross member and a rearward cross member, located above rear suspension members of the vehicle, the electrical system unit being fixedly attached to a top of at least one of the forward cross member and the rearward cross member and including a forward edge and a rearward edge, the forward edge of the electrical system unit disposed directly above a cross sectional area of the forward cross member and the rearward edge of the electrical system unit disposed directly above a cross sectional area of the rearward cross member;
at least two studs provided on the rearward cross member;
at least two first attachment holes formed in the rearward edge of the electrical system unit, the first attachment holes being located over the studs provided on the rearward rear cross member and attaching with nuts to the studs provided on the rearward rear cross member;
at least two nuts provided on the forward cross member; and
at least two second attachment holes formed in the forward edge of the electrical system unit, the second attachment holes having a diameter larger than that of the first attachment holes, the second attachment holes being located over the nuts provided on the forward rear cross member and fixedly attaching with bolts to the nuts provided on the forward rear cross member.
3. A rear vehicle structure comprising:
two side members proximate to rear suspension members of the vehicle, each of the side members having a forward end and a reward end;
two extension parts, each of the extension parts extending rearwardly from a respective one of the rearward ends of a respective one of the two side members;
a rearward cross member located substantially at the rearward ends of the two side members and above the rear suspension members, the rearward cross member having a rearward cross member stud;
a forward cross member located substantially at the forward ends of the two side members and above the rear suspension members, the forward cross member having a forward cross member nut; and
an electrical system unit having a rearward edge and a forward edge, the rearward edge having a rearward attachment hole formed therein, and the forward edge having a forward attachment hole formed therein larger than the rearward attachment hole, the rearward attachment hole attaching with a nut to the rearward cross member stud and the forward attachment hole attaching with a bolt to the forward cross member nut.
4. The rear vehicle structure according to claim 3, wherein
the rearward cross member stud is formed on a rearward bracket joined to the rearward cross member, and is proximate to a rear hatch of the vehicle, permitting installation of the electrical system unit through the rear hatch.
5. The rear vehicle structure according to claim 4, wherein
the rearward stud on the rearward bracket is arranged to be located by visual inspection of only the rearward attachment hole formed in the rearward edge of the electrical system unit, thereby locating the forward edge attachment hole without visual inspection.
6. The rear vehicle structure according to claim 4, wherein
each of the forward cross member nuts comprises a clamp nut formed on a forward bracket joined to the forward cross member, and the forward attachment holes being dimensioned to allow a wider range of position than the rearward attachment holes.
7. The rear vehicle structure according to claim 3, wherein
the forward edge of the electrical system unit is mounted above a cross sectional area of the forward cross member, and the rearward edge of the electrical system is mounted above a cross sectional area of the rearward cross member.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A pair of bipolar forceps provided with a pair of arms which are normally spaced apart at one end and insulated from each other and, when in use, held in contact with each other and supplied with a high-frequency current, wherein opposed surfaces of tip end portions of said pair of arms are each coated with a composite plating film of a noble metal material and nonconductive fine particles, and a laminate plating film of a noble metal material formed on said composite plating film.
2. The bipolar forceps of claim 1, wherein said noble metal material is at least one kind of metal selected from a group consisting of gold, platinum, silver, palladium, nickel, chromium, copper and tin.
3. The bipolar forceps of claim 2, wherein said nonconductive fine particles consist of a polytetrafluoroethylene or fluorinated ethylene polymer.
4. The bipolar forceps of claim 1, wherein the content of said nonconductive fine particles in said composite plating film is in the range of 0.05 wt % to 20.0 wt %.
5. The bipolar forceps of claim 1, wherein the content of said nonconductive fine particles in said composite plating film is in the range of 4 percent by volume to 50 percent by volume.
6. The bipolar forceps of claim 4, wherein the thickness of said composite plating film is in the range of 3 \u03bcm to 50 \u03bcm, and the thickness of said laminate plating film is in the range of 0.2 \u03bcm to 10 \u03bcm.
7. The bipolar forceps of claim 1, wherein said fine particles range in particle size from 0.5 \u03bcm to 10 \u03bcm.