1. A resolution conversion apparatus comprising:
a first acquisition unit configured to acquire, from an image source, a target image as a target of resolution conversion;
a second acquisition unit configured to acquire an additional image from the image source;
an estimation unit configured to estimate a corresponding point in the target image using a plurality of corresponding point estimation methods, the corresponding point being associated with at least one pixel in the additional image to obtain a plurality of corresponding points in the target image;
a setting unit configured to set a pixel value of each pixel included in the additional image as a sampling value for the corresponding point when each pixel is set as a target pixel, to obtain a plurality of sampling values for pixels included in the additional image; and
a generation unit configured to generate an image of a first resolution into which a second resolution of the target image is converted, using pixel values and positions of a plurality of pixels included in the target image, and the sampling values and positions of the corresponding points.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second acquisition unit configured to acquire the additional image including an image other than the target image.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the estimation unit performs, using the corresponding point estimation methods, corresponding point estimation for estimating the corresponding points, the corresponding points corresponding to a plurality of target image regions closest to a local pattern that is included in each of target image regions sequentially set when the pixels included in the additional image are sequentially set as a target pixel.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the estimation unit performs corresponding point estimation, using, as the corresponding point estimation methods, a first corresponding point estimation method in which a single image is used as both the target image and the additional image, and a second corresponding point estimation method in which different images are used as the target image and the additional image.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the estimation unit estimates respective corresponding points associated with a single target pixel, using the corresponding point estimation methods, and estimates not less than two corresponding points associated with at least one target pixel.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the estimation unit performs corresponding point estimation, using a first corresponding point estimation method and a second corresponding point estimation method that are included in the corresponding point estimation methods, a largest one of target image regions employed in the first corresponding point estimation method being not less than twice a largest one of target image regions employed in the second corresponding point estimation method.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a computation unit configured to compute a degree of reliability of each of the corresponding points, the degree of reliability indicating a degree of contribution to high resolution; and
a ranking unit configured to rank the corresponding points based on the degree of reliability of each corresponding point, and eliminate those of the corresponding points that are ranked below a preset rank.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the computation unit employs, as the degree of reliability of a certain associated point, a weighted sum of a distance between the certain corresponding point and a sampling point that is included in sampling points other than the certain corresponding point and is closest to the certain corresponding point, and an error between local patterns around the certain corresponding point.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a computation unit configured to compute a degree of reliability of each of the corresponding points, the degree of reliability indicating a degree of contribution to high resolution; and
an elimination unit configured to eliminate each corresponding point if the degree of reliability of each corresponding point is not more than a preset value.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the computation unit employs, as the degree of reliability of a certain associated point, a weighted sum of a distance between the certain corresponding point and a sampling point that is included in sampling points other than the certain corresponding point and is closest to the certain corresponding point, and an error between local patterns around the certain corresponding point.
11. A resolution conversion method comprising:
acquiring, from an image source, a target image as a target of resolution conversion;
acquiring an additional image from the image source;
estimating a corresponding point in the target image using a plurality of corresponding point estimation methods, the corresponding point being associated with at least one pixel in the additional image to obtain a plurality of corresponding points in the target image;
setting a pixel value of each pixel included in the additional image as a sampling value for the corresponding point when each pixel is set as a target pixel, to obtain a plurality of sampling values for pixels included in the additional image; and
generating an image of a first resolution into which a second resolution of the target image is converted, using pixel values and positions of a plurality of pixels included in the target image, and the sampling values and positions of the corresponding points.
12. A computer-readable medium including computer executable instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method comprising:
acquiring, from an image source, a target image as a target of resolution conversion;
acquiring an additional image from the image source;
estimating a corresponding point in the target image using a plurality of corresponding point estimation methods, the corresponding point being associated with at least one pixel in the additional image to obtain a plurality of corresponding points in the target image;
setting a pixel value of each pixel included in the additional image as a sampling value for the corresponding point when each pixel is set as a target pixel, to obtain a plurality of sampling values for pixels included in the additional image; and
generating an image of a first resolution into which a second resolution of the target image is converted, using pixel values and positions of a plurality of pixels included in the target image, and the sampling values and positions of the corresponding points.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of creping a paper web comprising
a) applying to a rotating creping cylinder an adhesive composition having a pH of about 6.5 to about 8 and comprising one or more vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers composed of about 10 to about 99 mole percent vinylamine monomer and about 90 to about 1 mole percent N-vinylformamide monomer;
b) pressing the paper web against the creping cylinder to effect adhesion of the paper web to the creping cylinder; and
c) dislodging the paper web from the creping cylinder with a doctor blade.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymers have a weight average molecular weight of about 100,000 to about 500,000 Daltons.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the polymers are composed of about 20 to about 80 mole percent vinylamine monomer and about 80 to about 20 mole percent N-vinylformamide monomer.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the polymer composition has a pH of about 7 to about 7.5.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the polymers have a weight average molecular weight of about 300,000 to about 400,000 Daltons.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers are reacted with about 1 to about 10 percent, based on polymer actives, of one or more crosslinkers wherein the crosslinkers contain at least one epoxide group and no halogens.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers are composed of about 30 to about 99 mole percent vinylamine monomer and about 70 to about 1 mole percent N-vinylformamide monomer.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers have a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000 to about 100,000 Daltons.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the crosslinkers are selected from polyethyleneglycol diglycidyl ether and trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers are composed of about 85 to about 95 mole percent vinylamine monomer and about 15 to about 5 mole percent N-vinylformamide monomer.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers have a weight average molecular weight of about 30,000 to about 60,000 Daltons.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the adhesive composition further comprises one or more water-soluble polyols.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the water-soluble polyols are selected from glycerol, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and diethanolamine.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the water-soluble polyol is glycerol.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers are modified by reaction with one or more halogenated organic acids.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the halogenated acid is chloroacetic acid or a salt thereof.
17. The method of claim 6 wherein the polymers comprise one or more vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers and one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of polyaminoamides, polyalkylenepolyamines, poly(vinyl alcoholvinylacetate), polyethylenimines and polyvinylamine copolymers in a ratio of about 595 to about 955 by weight.
18. A polymer composition having a pH of about 6.5 to about 8 comprising one or more vinylamine-vinyl formamide polymers composed of about 10 to about 99 mole percent vinylamine monomer and about 90 to about 1 mole percent N-vinylformamide monomer wherein the vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers are reacted with about 1 to about 10 percent, based on polymer actives, of one or more crosslinkers wherein the crosslinkers contain at least one epoxide group and no halogens.
19. The polymer composition of claim 18 wherein the crosslinkers are selected from polyethyleneglycol diglycidyl ether and trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether.
20. The polymer composition of claim 18 comprising one or more vinylamineN-vinyl formamide polymers and one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of polyaminoamides, polyalkylenepolyamines, poly(vinyl alcoholvinylacetate), polyethylenimines and polyvinylamine copolymers in a ratio of about 595 to about 955 by weight