1. An adhesive comprising a cured mixture comprising:
at least one X-A-B-A-X reactive oligomer, wherein
X comprises an ethylenically unsaturated group,
B comprises a non-silicone unit with a number average molecular
weight of 5,000 gramsmole or greater comprising an oxyalkylene group, and
A comprises a urethane linking group, wherein the adhesive is optically clear, self-wetting and removable.
2. The adhesive of claim 1 wherein the adhesive has a Tg of less than 20\xb0 C.
3. The adhesive of claim 1 wherein the adhesive has a Tg of less than \u221210\xb0 C.
4. The adhesive of claim 1 wherein the adhesive has a microstructured surface.
5. The adhesive of claim 1 wherein the cured mixture further comprises an ethylenically unsaturated material.
6. The adhesive of claim 1 further comprising an additive, wherein the additive comprises another pressure sensitive adhesive polymer, a plasticizing agent, a tackifying agent or mixture thereof.
7. The adhesive of claim 6, comprising 5-60 weight % added pressure sensitive adhesive polymer and 5-55 weight % plasticizer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An organ hypothermia method, comprising:
introducing a high volume of free flowing non-nebulized cold biologically compatible irrigation liquid from a reservoir into the upper airway and at least a portion of the esophagus of a subject with the cold irrigation liquid substantially filling and directly contacting the walls of the upper airway and the portion of the esophagus, wherein the irrigation liquid is maintained at a temperature of \u221230\xb0 C. to 20\xb0 C.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the irrigation liquid is introduced at a first flow rate during an induction stage, the method further comprising reducing the flow rate to a second flow rate during a maintenance stage.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the reservoir comprises a container sized to receive a head of the subject, the method further comprising:
at least partially immersing the head of the subject in the reservoir; and
applying a forced flow of liquid externally to the head of the subject.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein applying a forced flow comprises directing a turbulent flow of the irrigation liquid toward the head of the subject from a liquid flow tube.
5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
removing the subject’s head from the reservoir; and
continuing the introduction of the irrigation liquid into the upper airway.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein introducing the irrigation liquid into the upper airway comprises placing catheters in the upper airway and flowing the irrigation liquid through the catheters into the upper airway.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein introducing the irrigation liquid into the portion of the esophagus comprises placing at least one catheter in the esophagus to deliver the irrigation liquid to the portion of the esophagus.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein introducing the irrigation liquid into the portion of the esophagus comprises introducing the irrigation liquid to at least a mid-point of the esophagus of the subject.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein introducing the irrigation liquid into the portion of the esophagus comprises introducing the irrigation liquid into the lower esophagus of the subject.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein introducing the irrigation liquid into the portion of the esophagus comprises introducing the irrigation liquid into substantially the entire esophagus of the subject.
11. The method of claim 8, further comprising introducing the irrigation liquid into the stomach of the subject.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein introducing the irrigation liquid into the stomach comprises placing at least one catheter in the stomach to deliver the irrigation liquid to the stomach.
13. A hypothermia method, comprising:
introducing a free flowing cool liquid into an upper airway and at least a portion of the esophagus of the subject, wherein the cool liquid substantially fills the upper airway, circulates within the upper airway and the portion of the esophagus and flows out of the upper airway into a reservoir of liquid in a container, thereby internally cooling the brain; and
inhibiting entry of the cool liquid into the lungs.
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
placing a head of the subject in a container with the head at least partially submerged in a reservoir of biologically compatible cool liquid, and circulating the liquid externally around the head to externally cool the brain; and
placing the head of the subject in the container with the cool liquid covering a mouth and nose of the subject to provide a continuous path of liquid from between the reservoir and the upper airway.
15. The method of claim 13, further comprising cooling the liquid by directing the liquid through a heat exchanger.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein directing the liquid through a heat exchanger comprises pumping the liquid from the container to a heat exchanger external to the container, then pumping the liquid back to the container and into the upper airway of the subject.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein inhibiting entry of the cool liquid into the lungs comprises inserting an endotracheal tube into the subject.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the endotracheal tube comprises an inflatable cuff, and the cuff is inflated to inhibit entry of cool liquid into the lungs.
19. The method of claim 17, further comprising mechanically ventilating the subject through the endotracheal tube.
20. The method of claim 13, wherein inhibiting entry of the cool liquid into the lungs comprises placing the subject in a Trendelenburg position or extending the subject’s neck to elevate the larynx.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein extending the subject’s neck comprises placing the subject on a support surface that does not support the head of the subject, with the neck extended and the head angled downwardly from the support surface.
22. The method of claim 13, wherein introducing the flow of cool liquid into the upper airway of the subject further comprises introducing an esophageal liquid introduction catheter into the esophagus of the subject, inflating an esophageal cuff on the esophageal liquid introduction catheter to inhibit flow of cool liquid into the stomach, and pumping the cool liquid into the esophagus through a port in the esophageal liquid introduction catheter that is proximal to the esophageal cuff.
23. The method of claim 18, further comprising withdrawing cool liquid out of the trachea through a port proximal to the inflatable cuff to inhibit liquid entry into the lungs.
24. The method of claim 13, wherein the cool liquid is at a temperature of less than +10\xb0 C.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the cool liquid is at a temperature of less than 0\xb0 C.
26. The method of claim 13, wherein the cool liquid comprises propylene glycol.
27. A device for cooling the brain and sterilizing the aerodigestive tract of a subject, comprising:
a reservoir containing a cooling liquid;
a first liquid delivery catheter operatively connected to the reservoir and configured for insertion into a nasal cavity for delivery of the cooling liquid into the nasal cavity, and a second liquid delivery catheter operatively connected to the reservoir and configured for insertion into an oral cavity of the subject for delivery of the cooling liquid to the oral cavity of the subject;
at least one liquid circulation tube operatively connected to the reservoir;
at least one pump for circulating the cooling liquid into the liquid circulation tube and into the first and second liquid delivery catheters; and
a filter to remove microbes from the cooling liquid that is discharged from the aerodigestive tract.
28. The device of claim 27, wherein the reservoir comprises a liquid container adapted for receiving and maintaining at least a portion of a head of the subject submerged in the cooling liquid.
29. The device of claim 27, wherein the cooling liquid comprises a water-based solution with 0.45-5% by weight of sodium chloride.
30. The device of claim 27, wherein the cooling liquid comprises a water-based solution with 0.45-5% by weight of sodium bicarbonate.
31. The device of claim 27, wherein the cooling liquid comprises a water-based solution with 5-25% by weight of at least one of propylene glycol, dextrose, glucose, or sucrose.
32. The device of claim 27, wherein the cooling liquid comprises a detergent.
33. The device of claim 27, wherein the cooling liquid comprises an antimicrobial agent.