1. A porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity which has a surface area in the range of 1,500 m2g to 10,000 m2g and has a pore volume in the range of 0.1 mlg to 10 mlg, wherein the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity is prepared by a method comprising:
preparing a reaction solution containing a mixture of at least one inorganic metal precursor, at least one organic compound which may act as a ligand, and solvent (step 1); and
forming porous organic-inorganic hybrid materials with crystallinity by reacting the reaction solution (step 2),
wherein the reaction is conducted under the pressure of about 3 atm or less,
wherein the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity is a compound represented by the following formula or hydrate thereof:
M3X(H2O)2OC6Z4-yZ\u2032 y(CO2)23 (M=Fe, Mn, Cr, V, Al, Ti, Zr or Mg; X\u2550Cl, Br, I, or F or OH; Z or Z\u2032\u2550H, NH2, Br, I, NO2 or OH; 0\u2266y\u22664);
M3O(H2O)2XC6Z3-yZ\u2032 y-(CO2)32 (M=Fe, Mn, Cr, V, Al, Ti, Zr or Mg; X\u2550Cl, Br, I, or F or OH; Z or Z\u2032\u2550H, NH2, Br, I, NO2 or OH; 0\u2266y\u22663);
M3O(H2O)2X1-y(OH)yC6H3-(CO2)32 (0\u2266y\u22661; M=Fe, Mn, Cr, V, Al, Ti, Zr or Mg; X\u2550Cl, Br, I or F); or
M3X1-y(OH)y(H2O)2OC6H4(CO2)23 (0\u2266y\u22661; M=Fe, Mn, Cr, V, Al, Ti, Zr or Mg; X\u2550Cl, Br, I or F).
2. The porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1, wherein the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity is in a form of powder, thin film, membrane, pellet, ball, foam, slurry, paste, paint, honeycomb, bead, mesh, fiber, corrugated sheet or rotor.
3. A water adsorbent, characterized in that water is adsorbed by using the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1.
4. The water adsorbent of claim 3, wherein the adsorbent may adsorb 0.1\u02dc3 g of adsorbate per 1 g of the adsorbent at 30\u02dc100\xb0 C.
5. A filter for cleaning air, wherein the filter comprises the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1.
6. An adsorbent comprising the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1, used for adsorbing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in vapor phase or particulate phase.
7. An adsorbent comprising the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1, used for adsorbing at least one materials in vapor phase or particulate phase selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, tar, nitrosoamines and polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons, causing a sick house syndrome.
8. A heterogeneous catalyst comprising the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1.
9. An adsorption type cooling and air conditioning system comprising the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1.
10. A heat pump comprising the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1.
11. A sewage treatment apparatus comprising the porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity according to claim 1.
12. A porous organic-inorganic hybrid material with crystallinity which has a surface area in the range of 1,500 m2g to 10,000 m2g and has a pore volume in the range of 0.1 mlg to 10 mlg and is a compound represented by the following formula:
Fe3O(H2O)2OHC6H3(CO2)32\xb7nH2O (0\u2266n\u226650).
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A semiconductor laser comprising:
a stem to which a plurality of leads are secured so as to extend up and down in a state of being electrically isolated, respectively,
a laser chip, an anode and a cathode of which are electrically connected to two leads of said plurality of leads in one side of said stem, at least one of said anode and said cathode is connected through a wire,
a cap covering circumference of said laser chip, and
a chip condenser bonded between said two leads, to which an anode and a cathode of said laser chip are connected, on the other side of said stem not through a wire but directly with an electro-conductive agent.
2. The semiconductor laser as set forth in claim 1, wherein an inductance element is connected in series to at least one of connections between an anode and a cathode of said laser chip and said two leads to which said anode and said cathode, respectively, are electrically connected.
3. A semiconductor laser comprising:
at least two leads,
a laser chip, an anode and a cathode of which are electrically connected to one-end sides of said two leads,
a cover covering a circumference of said laser chip and exposing the other-end sides of said at least two leads so as to output light from said laser chip,
an inductance element is connected in series between at least one of said anode and said cathode and a lead to which said one of said anode and said cathode is connected, and
a chip condenser connected between said two leads, not through a wire but directly with an electro-conductive agent.
4. The semiconductor laser as set forth in claim 1 or 3, wherein said chip condenser is formed in such a way that an inductance is 2 nH or less between said two leads.
5. The semiconductor laser as set forth in claim 1 or 3, wherein a capacity of said chip condenser is 0.4 F or more.
6. An optical pickup comprising:
a semiconductor laser,
a beam splitter separating the light exiting from said semiconductor laser from the light reflected and returned,
an objective lens focussing a beam from said semiconductor laser onto an optical disk, and
a photodetector detecting the reflected light from said optical disk separated by said beam splitter,
wherein said semiconductor laser consists of the semiconductor laser as set forth in claim 1 or 3.
7. An optical disk player being constituted by providing further a disk rotator and a sliding mechanism to move the optical pickup in addition to said optical pickup as set forth in claim 6.