1. A method for alleviating one or more symptoms of a neuropsychiatric disorder in an individual comprising administering to the individual a composition comprising a compound in an amount effective to alleviate the symptoms of the neuropsychiatric disorder, wherein the compound has the following structure (2):
its enantiomer, or racemic mixtures thereof;
wherein R can be such that the R-bearing ring is mono-, di- or tri-substituted, and in which the substituents consist of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, halo, nitro, cyano, keto, amino, carboxylate, or a combination thereof, and wherein the administration of the composition alleviates one or more symptoms of the neuropsychiatric disorder.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein R is one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted phenyls, halogens, and adjacent rings which share a side with the R-bearing phenyl group.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein wherein R is a p-bromo.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein R is a p-chloro.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein R is an unsubstituted p-phenyl.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein R consists of chlorine substituents at positions 3 and 4.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein R is a p- 2-naphthyl.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein compound 2 is:
9. A method for alleviating one or more symptoms of a neuropsychiatric disorder in an individual comprising administering to the individual a composition comprising a compound in an amount effective to alleviate the symptoms of the neuropsychiatric disorder, A composition comprising 1) a compound having the threo- diastereomeric structure of following structure (2):
or a diastereomeric mixture of said threo-diastereomer and its erythro diastereomer; wherein R can be such that the R-bearing ring is mono-, di- or tri-substituted, and in which the substituents consist of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, halo, nitro, cyano, keto, amino, carboxylate, or a combination thereof, and wherein the administration of the composition alleviates one or more symptoms of the neuropsychiatric disorder.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein R is one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted phenyls, halogens, and adjacent rings which share a side with the R-bearing phenyl group.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein wherein R is a p-bromo.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein R is a p-chloro.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein R is an unsubstituted p-phenyl.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein R consists of chlorine substituents at positions 3 and 4.
15. The method of claim 9, wherein compound 2 is:
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
17. The method of claim 9, wherein the composition is administered via a route selected from the group consisting of orally, parenterally, intramuscularly, intravenously, mucosally and transdermally.
18. The method of claim 9, wherein the composition is administered orally.
19. The method of claim 9, wherein the neuropsychiatric disorder is selected from the group of disorders consisting of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, depression, mood disorders, addictions, cognitive disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, dementia, and combinations thereof.
20. The method of claim 9, wherein the neuropsychiatric disorder is schizophrenia.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A kit for securing a lead within the skull of a patient, the kit comprising:
a base structure adapted to be at least partially inserted within a burr hole;
a lead securing member, for placement within the base structure, comprising (i) a substantially cylindrical body, (ii) an open slot in the cylindrical body, (iii) an aperture, in the cylindrical body, adjacent to the open slot, and (iv) first and second arm structures disposed on respective sides of the open slot, the first and second arm structures having proximal ends located interior to the cylindrical body and distal ends at an edge of the cylindrical body, the first and second arm structures subjected to a contracting biasing force, the first and second arm structures being pivotally mounted at respective mounting points, the aperture being disposed above the proximal ends of the first and second arm structures; and
a positioning tool comprising (i) a distal end adapted to be inserted within the aperture, (ii) a pin disposed within the distal end, and (iii) a control structure for causing the pin to extend out from the distal end of the positioning tool;
wherein, when the distal end of the positioning tool is disposed within the aperture of the lead securing member, (i) the first and second arm structures clamp to the distal end with sufficient force to permit the positioning tool to lift and place the lead securing member and (ii) the distal end of the positioning tool maintains the first and second arms apart to permit placement of a stimulation lead within the slot of the lead securing member;
wherein, when the control structure of the positioning tool is actuated, the pin of the positioning tool is extended to force the distal end of the positioning tool from between the first and second arm structures to release the lead securing member from the positioning tool.
2. The kit of claim 1 wherein the lead securing member further comprises:
first and second bolt structures, the first and second bolt structures being spring biased to extend radially from an outer surface of the cylindrical body to lock the lead securing member against the base structure.
3. The kit of claim 2 wherein the positioning tool maintains the first and second bolt structures within the cylindrical body when the distal end of the positioning tool is disposed within the aperture of the lead securing member.
4. The kit of claim 1 wherein the base structure comprises ridges along its interior surface to limit rotation of the lead securing member within the base structure.
5. The kit of claim 1 wherein the control structure of the positioning tool comprises a push-button that is depressible against a handle of the positioning tool.
6. The kit of claim 1 wherein the base member comprises a lower flange for contact with a bottom surface of the lead securing member.
7. The kit of claim 1 wherein the first and second arm structures are engaged by spring-loaded dead bolts to apply the biasing force to the first and second arm structures.
8. The kit of claim 1 wherein the first and second arm structures are engaged by spring-shaped wire structures to apply the biasing force to the first and second arm structures.