What I claim is:
1. In a water-cooled exhaust gas system having an exhaust duct for conducting a flow of exhaust gases in an axial direction therethrough, said system including silencer element located within the exhaust duct, said silencer element having at least one apertured surface inclined to the flow of exhaust gas in the duct, wherein the improvement comprises the configuration of elongate slotted apertures defined by sidewalls disposed so as to direct exhaust gases in an upstream direction relative to said duct axis.
2. A water-cooled exhaust gas system according to claim 1, wherein each slotted aperture has a length axis that is substantially perpendicular to the exhaust duct axis.
3. A water-cooled exhaust gas system according to claim 1, wherein the slotted apertures are defined by elongate arcuate sidewalls.
4. A water-cooled exhaust gas system according to claim 1, wherein said silencer element is generally conical and defines an internal volume of at least fifteen-times the combined volumetric displacement of the cylinders of any internal combustion engine in fluid connection therewith.
5. A water cooled exhaust gas system according to claim 1, further including a second silencer element disposed in overlapping spaced downstream relation with said first silencer element, said first and second silencer elements each defining apertures therein, said first silencer element apertures being axially offset from said second silencer element apertures.
6. A water cooled exhaust gas system according to claim 1, wherein said silencer element includes first and second baffle portions, said first baffle portion being inclined relative to the flow of exhaust gas, said second baffle portion being generally parallel to the flow of exhaust gas.
7. A muffler for a marine engine exhaust system having an exhaust duct for conducting the flow of exhaust gases and entrained water from an engine downstream to the atmosphere, said muffler adapted for installation in the exhaust duct, said muffler comprising:
a silencing element having at least one surface thereof inclined with respect to the flow of exhaust gases through the exhaust conduit;
said silencing element defining a plurality of apertures, said apertures having an exhaust inlet and an exhaust outlet, said exhaust outlets disposed upstream relative to said exhaust inlets.
8. A muffler for a marine engine exhaust system according to claim 7, wherein said silencing element is tubular.
9. A muffler for a marine engine exhaust system according to claim 7, wherein said silencing element is conical.
10. A muffler for a marine engine exhaust system according to claim 7, wherein said silencing element includes a portion thereof generally parallel to the flow path of exhaust gas.
11. A muffler for a marine engine exhaust system according to claim 7, wherein said silencing element defines a volume corresponding to at least fifteen-times the corresponding cylinder displacement volume of the marine engine
12. A muffler for a marine engine exhaust system according to claim 7, further including a second silencing element disposed in downstream relation relative to said first silencing element, said second silencing element including a plurality of apertures offset in a downstream direction relative to said first silencing element apertures.
13. A muffler for a marine engine exhaust system, said exhaust system having an substantially cylindrical exhaust duct formed about a longitudinal axis for conducting the flow of exhaust gases and entrained water from an engine downstream to the atmosphere, said muffler adapted for installation in the exhaust duct, said muffler comprising:
a generally conical silencing element defining first and second arrays of apertures said first array of elongate apertures disposed toward a base portion of said conical silencing element and said second array of elongate apertures disposed on the remaining body portion of said conical silencing element;
said first array of apertures disposed angularly relative to the duct axis;
said second array of apertures disposed perpendicular relative to the duct axis.
14. A muffler for a marine engine exhaust system according to claim 13, further including a third array of elongate apertures disposed generally perpendicular to said first array of apertures.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computer-aided method for creating program code in imperative languages in which the software code can be encapsulated in procedures, having a graphical user interface, wherein a program instruction containing at least one keyword is inserted and wherein, upon the choosing of said keyword in an inserted program instruction, a menu is displayed containing program text sections free of syntax errors with which the keyword can be replaced, and wherein the operation of replacing keywords in an inserted program instruction is continued until all keywords have been replaced by an executable program instruction section, and wherein, when a program instructions is appended to the program code section of a program component, a program instruction from one of action and query program instruction categories is presented for selection by a menu, the program instruction in the form of a raw and structure being inserted as one of an action and a query instruction containing key words after one of these two categories has been selected.
2. A computer-aided method for creating program code in imperative languages in which the software code can be encapsulated in procedures, having a graphical user interface, wherein a not yet complete program instruction containing at least one keyword is inserted and wherein, upon the choosing of a keyword in an inserted program instruction, a menu is displayed containing program text sections free of syntax errors with which the keyword can be replaced, and wherein the operation of replacing keywords in an inserted program instruction is continued until all keywords are replaced by an executable program instruction section, and wherein, when a program instructions is appended to the program code section of a program component, a program instruction from one of action and query program instruction categories is presented for selection by a menu, the program instruction in the form of a raw and structure being inserted as one of an action and a query instruction containing key words after one of these two categories has been selected.