1. A component for use in a turbomachine, the component comprising:
an exterior wall substrate having an interior face and an exterior face,
at least one plateau disposed on the exterior face;
a plurality of cooling holes providing a fluid passageway between the interior face and the exterior face of the exterior wall substrate, each cooling hole in the plurality of cooling holes being disposed such that it passes through one of the at least one plateau; and
a first coating layer disposed on the exterior face of the exterior wall substrate, wherein the first coating layer is non-metallic,
wherein the first coating layer does not cover an exterior face of each plateau in the plurality of plateaus.
2. The component of claim 1, further comprising a second coating layer disposed between the first coating layer and the exterior face of the exterior wall substrate.
3. The component of claim 2, wherein the second coating layer comprises at least one metallic bonding layer.
4. The component of claim 1, wherein the first coating layer comprises a ceramic.
5. The component of claim 1, wherein the exterior wall substrate comprises a metal.
6. The component of claim 1, wherein the component includes one of a bucket, a shroud, a nozzle, a transition piece, a retaining ring, a sidewall, or a combustor exhaust component.
7. The component of claim 1, wherein each plateau has a width of about 0.0254 cm to about 1.02 cm, and a height of about 0.013 cm to about 0.178 cm.
8. A method of constructing a component for use in a turbomachine, the method comprising:
forming an exterior wall substrate, wherein the exterior wall substrate includes
an interior face and an exterior face, and
a plurality of plateaus disposed on the exterior face;
forming a plurality of cooling holes providing a fluid passageway between the interior face and the exterior face of the exterior wall substrate, wherein each cooling hole is disposed such that it passes through one of the plurality of plateaus; and
depositing a first coating layer on the exterior face of the exterior wall substrate, wherein the first coating layer is non-metallic.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising depositing a second coating layer on the exterior face of the exterior wall substrate prior to the depositing of the first coating layer, such that the second coating layer is disposed between the exterior face and the first coating layer.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the second coating layer comprises a metallic bonding layer.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the first coating layer comprises ceramic.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the exterior wall substrate comprises a metal.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein the component includes one of a bucket, a shroud, a nozzle, a transition piece, a retaining ring, a sidewall, or a combustor exhaust component.
14. The method of claim 8, wherein the process of forming the exterior wall substrate further comprises casting the exterior wall substrate.
15. The method of claim 8, wherein the process of forming the plurality of cooling holes further comprises electrical discharge machining (EDM) through the exterior wall substrate.
16. The method of claim 8, wherein the depositing a first coating layer on the exterior face of the exterior wall substrate further comprises
placing a cover over each plateau in the plurality of plateaus;
depositing the first coating layer over the exterior wall substrate and the cover over each of the plurality of plateaus; and
removing the cover from over each plateau, such that an upper surface of each plateau is not covered by the first coating layer.
17. The method of claim 8, wherein the depositing of the first coating layer on the exterior face of the exterior wall substrate further comprises depositing the first coating layer to a depth that is greater than or equal to a height of the plateau, such that an upper surface of the plateau is covered by the first coating layer, and
the method further comprises removing the first coating from the upper surface of each plateau.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the removing further comprises grinding.
19. The method of claim 8, wherein each plateau has a width of about 0.0254 cm to about 1.02 cm, and a height of about 0.013 cm to about 0.178 cm
20. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
stripping the component to remove the first coating layer, and
re-depositing the first coating layer on the exterior wall substrate such that it covers the exterior wall substrate but does not cover an upper surface of each of the plurality of plateaus.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method to determine a time offset between a first media content signature comprising a first sequence of first data pairs and a second media content signature comprising a second sequence of second data pairs, the method comprising:
comparing, using a processor, each first data pair in the first sequence with each second data pair in the second sequence to determine a respective time difference between each first data pair and second data pair combination;
determining, using the processor, a histogram comprising a plurality of bins representative of a plurality of determined time differences, the plurality of determined time differences comprising each respective time difference determined between each first data pair and second data pair combination, each respective bin of the histogram representing a respective window of time differences and having a respective value representative of a number of the plurality of determined time differences lying within the respective window of time differences represented by the respective bin; and
selecting at least one bin of the histogram to correspond to the time offset between the first signature and the second signature.
2. A method as defined in claim 1 further comprising:
converting the first signature to a signature representation wherein each respective first data pair of the first sequence includes a respective first time value representative of a respective elapsed time between the respective first data pair and a starting first data pair of the first sequence; and
converting the second signature to the signature representation wherein each respective second data pair of the second sequence includes a respective second time value representative of a respective elapsed time between the respective second data pair and a starting second data pair of the second sequence.
3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein selecting the at least one bin comprises selecting a bin having a maximum value among the plurality of bins to correspond to the time offset between the first signature and the second signature.
4. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein selecting the at least one bin comprises selecting a set of bins to correspond to the time offset between the first signature and the second signature, a respective value of each one of the set of bins meeting a threshold.
5. A method as defined in claim 1 further comprising dividing each of the plurality of determined time differences by a window width to determine a plurality of scaled time differences, and the respective window of time differences represented by each bin corresponds to a respective scaled time difference in the plurality of scaled time differences.
6. A method as defined in claim 1 further comprising determining the value of each respective bin to represent a distance between the first signature and the second signature when the signatures are time-shifted with respect to each other by a shift amount associated with the respective bin.
7. A method as defined in claim 6 further comprising determining the respective value of each respective bin based on a ratio of a number of the plurality of determined time differences lying within the respective window of time differences represented by the respective bin and a total number of data pairs in the first sequence or the second sequence.
8. A method as defined in claim 1 further comprising scaling the selected at least one bin by a ratio based on a second number of the plurality of determined differences lying within the respective window of time differences represented by the bin, wherein each of the plurality of time differences counted in the second number is associated with respective first and second data pairs having a similar magnitude trend.
9. A tangible machine readable storage medium storing machine readable instructions which, when executed, cause a machine to at least:
compare each first data pair in a first media content signature comprising a first sequence of first data pairs with each second data pair in a second media content signature comprising a second sequence of second data pairs to determine a respective time difference between each first data pair and second data pair combination;
determine a histogram comprising a plurality of bins representative of a plurality of determined time differences, the plurality of determined time differences comprising each respective time difference determined between each first data pair and second data pair combination, each respective bin of the histogram representing a respective window of time differences and having a respective value representative of a number of the plurality of determined time differences lying within the respective window of time differences represented by the respective bin; and
select at least one bin of the histogram to correspond to a time offset between the first signature and the second signature.
10. A storage medium as defined in claim 9 wherein the machine readable instructions, when executed, further cause the machine to:
convert the first signature to a signature representation wherein each respective first data pair of the first sequence includes a respective first time value representative of a respective elapsed time between the respective first data pair and a starting first data pair of the first sequence; and
convert the second signature to the signature representation wherein each respective second data pair of the second sequence includes a respective second time value representative of a respective elapsed time between the respective second data pair and a starting second data pair of the second sequence.
11. A storage medium as defined in claim 9 wherein to select the at least one bin, the machine readable instructions, when executed, further cause the machine to select a bin having a maximum value among the plurality of bins to correspond to the time offset between the first signature and the second signature.
12. A storage medium as defined in claim 9 wherein to select the at least one bin, the machine readable instructions, when executed, further cause the machine to select a set of bins to correspond to the time offset between the first signature and the second signature, a respective value of each one of the set of bins meeting a threshold.
13. A storage medium as defined in claim 9 wherein the machine readable instructions, when executed, further cause the machine to divide each of the plurality of determined time differences by a window width to determine a plurality of scaled time differences, and the respective window of time differences represented by each bin corresponds to a respective scaled time difference in the plurality of scaled time differences.
14. A storage medium as defined in claim 9 wherein the machine readable instructions, when executed, further cause the machine to scale the selected at least one bin by a ratio based on a second number of the plurality of determined differences lying within the respective window of time differences represented by the bin, wherein each of the plurality of time differences counted in the second number is associated with respective first and second data pairs having a similar magnitude trend.
15. An apparatus comprising:
a processor to:
compare each first data pair in a first media content signature comprising a first sequence of first data pairs with each second data pair in a second media content signature comprising a second sequence of second data pairs to determine a respective time difference between each first data pair and second data pair combination;
determine a histogram comprising a plurality of bins representative of a plurality of determined time differences, the plurality of determined time differences comprising each respective time difference determined between each first data pair and second data pair combination, each respective bin of the histogram representing a respective window of time differences and having a respective value representative of a number of the plurality of determined time differences lying within the respective window of time differences represented by the respective bin; and
select at least one bin of the histogram to correspond to a time offset between the first signature and the second signature; and
a memory to store the histogram.
16. An apparatus as defined in claim 15 wherein the processor is further to:
convert the first signature to a signature representation wherein each respective first data pair of the first sequence includes a respective first time value representative of a respective elapsed time between the respective first data pair and a starting first data pair of the first sequence; and
convert the second signature to the signature representation wherein each respective second data pair of the second sequence includes a respective second time value representative of a respective elapsed time between the respective second data pair and a starting second data pair of the second sequence.
17. An apparatus as defined in claim 15 wherein to select the at least one bin, the processor is further to select a bin having a maximum value among the plurality of bins to correspond to the time offset between the first signature and the second signature.
18. An apparatus as defined in claim 15 wherein to select the at least one bin, the processor is further to select a set of bins to correspond to the time offset between the first signature and the second signature, a respective value of each one of the set of bins meeting a threshold.
19. An apparatus as defined in claim 15 wherein the processor further is to divide each of the plurality of determined time differences by a window width to determine a plurality of scaled time differences, and the respective window of time differences represented by each bin corresponds to a respective scaled time difference in the plurality of scaled time differences.
20. An apparatus as defined in claim 15 wherein the processor further is to scale the selected at least one bin by a ratio based on a second number of the plurality of determined differences lying within the respective window of time differences represented by the bin, wherein each of the plurality of time differences counted in the second number is associated with respective first and second data pairs having a similar magnitude trend.