1. A hemodialysis device for purifying blood collected from a patient comprising;
a blood circuit comprising an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit which circulates the blood extracorporeally;
a blood pump disposed in the arterial blood circuit;
a blood purification device that is connected between the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit and purifies the blood flowing in the blood circuit;
a main body having a dialysate inlet line and a dialysate outlet line which inlet and outlet dialysate to and from the blood purification device, respectively;
a voltage adding device comprising one electrode and another electrode adding voltage to the blood flowing in the blood circuit between the electrodes;
a measuring device detecting electric potentials of at least two positions accompanying the voltage added by the voltage adding device; and
a monitor calculating a calculated electric potential by comparing each electric potential detected by the measuring device and monitoring a detachment of an arterial blood needle or a venous blood needle from the patient;
wherein one electrode of the voltage adding device is disposed between the arterial blood needle in the arterial blood circuit and the blood pump and the other electrode is disposed in the dialysate inlet line or the dialysate outlet line.
2. A hemodialysis device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device measures an electric potential of the one electrode or the other electrode in said voltage adding device.
3. A hemodialysis device according to claim 2, wherein said voltage adding device or said measuring device directly contacts the blood or the dialysate to add the voltage or detect the electric potential.
4. A hemodialysis device according to claim 2, wherein said monitor calculates the calculated electric potential by extracting a frequency component of at least one of the electric potentials measured by the measuring device.
5. A hemodialysis device according to claim 1, wherein said voltage adding device or said measuring device directly contacts the blood or the dialysate to add the voltage or to detect the electric potential.
6. A hemodialysis device according to claim 5, wherein said monitor calculates the calculated electric potential by extracting a frequency component of at least one of the electric potentials measured by the measuring device.
7. A hemodialysis device according to claim 1, wherein said monitor calculates the calculated electric potential by extracting a frequency component of at least one of the electric potentials measured by the measuring device.
8. A hemodialysis device for purifying blood collected from a patient comprising;
a blood circuit comprising an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit which circulates the blood extracorporeally;
a blood pump disposed in the arterial blood circuit;
a blood purification device that is connected between the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit and purifies the blood flowing in the blood circuit;
a main body having a dialysate inlet line and a dialysate outlet line which inlet and outlet dialysate to and from the blood purification device, respectively;
a voltage adding device comprising one electrode and another electrode adding voltage to the blood flowing in the blood circuit between the electrodes;
a measuring device detecting electric potentials of at least two positions accompanying the voltage added by the voltage adding device; and
a monitor calculating a calculated electric potential by comparing each electric potential detected by the measuring device and monitoring a detachment of an arterial blood needle or a venous blood needle from the patient;
wherein one electrode of the voltage adding device is disposed between the arterial blood needle in the arterial blood circuit and the blood pump and the other electrode is disposed in the dialysate inlet line or the dialysate outlet line.
9. A hemodialysis device according to claim 8, wherein the measuring device measures an electric potential of the one electrode or the other electrode in said voltage adding device.
10. A hemodialysis device according to claim 8, wherein said voltage adding device or said measuring device directly contacts the blood or the dialysate to add the voltage or detect the electric potential.
11. A hemodialysis device according to claim 8, wherein said monitoring device calculates the calculated electric potential by extracting a frequency component of at least one of the electric potentials measured by the measuring device.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a first circuitry, implemented using current-controlled complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (C3MOS) logic with inductive broadbanding, wherein logic levels are signaled by current steering in one of two or more branches in response to differential input signals that correspond to a first signal, and wherein first and second series connected RL circuits respectively couple first and second output nodes of a logic element to a power supply node, that is operable to:
receive the first signal;
process the first signal thereby generating a first plurality of signals such that each signal of the first plurality of signals has a first frequency; and
output the first plurality of signals; and
a second circuitry, implemented using conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) logic wherein substantially zero static current is dissipated, that is operable to:
receive the first plurality of signals;
process the first plurality of signals thereby generating a second signal such that the second signal has a second frequency; and
output the second signal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the second circuitry it is operable to process the first plurality of signals thereby generating a second plurality of signals such that each signal of the second plurality of signals has the second frequency; and
the second signal is one signal within the second plurality of signals.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first signal has a third frequency;
the third frequency is less than the first frequency; and
the third frequency is less than the second frequency.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first signal is a serialized signal; and
the first signal is deserialized to generate the first plurality of signals that is a deserialized version of the first signal.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a first capacitive load coupled to the first output node of the logic element; and
a second capacitive loads coupled to the second output node of the logic element.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
each RL circuit of the first and second series connected RL circuits includes a resistor and an inductor connected in series; and
the inductor of each RL circuit of the first and second series connected RL circuits is a spiral inductor coupled to the silicon substrate.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
an end of the first resistor of the first series connected RL circuit is connected to the first output node of the logic element; and
an end of the second resistor of the second series connected RL circuit is connected to the second output node of the logic element.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first frequency is the second frequency.
9. An apparatus, comprising:
a first circuitry, implemented using current-controlled complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (C3MOS) logic with inductive broadbanding, wherein logic levels are signaled by current steering in one of two or more branches in response to differential input signals that correspond to a first signal, and wherein first and second series connected RL circuits respectively couple first and second output nodes of a first logic element to a power supply node, that is operable to:
receive a first signal;
process the first signal thereby generating a first plurality of signals such that each signal of the first plurality of signals has a first frequency; and
output the first plurality of signals; and
a second circuitry, implemented using C3MOS logic, wherein logic levels are signaled by current steering in one of two or more branches in response to differential input signals that correspond to at least one signal of the first plurality of signals, and wherein third and fourth series connected RL circuits respectively couple third and fourth output nodes of a second logic element to the power supply node, that is operable to:
receive the first plurality of signals;
process the first plurality of signals thereby generating a second signal such that the second signal has a second frequency; and
output the second signal.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the second circuitry it is operable to process the first plurality of signals thereby generating a second plurality of signals such that each signal of the second plurality of signals has the second frequency; and
the second signal is one signal within the second plurality of signals.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the first signal has a third frequency;
the third frequency is less than the first frequency; and
the third frequency is less than the second frequency.
12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the first signal is a serialized signal; and
the first signal is deserialized to generate the first plurality of signals that is a deserialized version of the first signal.
13. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:
first and second capacitive loads respectively coupled to the first and second output nodes of the first logic element.
14. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:
first and second capacitive loads respectively coupled to the first and second output nodes of the second logic element.
15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
each RL circuit of the first and second series connected RL circuits includes a resistor and an inductor connected in series; and
the inductor of each RL circuit of the first and second series connected RL circuits is a spiral inductor coupled to the silicon substrate.
16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
an end of the first resistor of the first series connected RL circuit is connected to a first output node of the first logic element; and
an end of the second resistor of the second series connected RL circuit is connected to a second output node of the first logic element.
17. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the first frequency is the second frequency.
18. An apparatus, comprising:
a circuitry, implemented using current-controlled complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (C3MOS) logic with inductive broadbanding, that is operable to:
receive a first plurality of signals such that each signal of the first plurality of signals has a first frequency;
process the first plurality of signals thereby generating a serialized signal there from such that the serialized signal has a second frequency, wherein the serializer includes:
a first differential transistor that includes a first gate, a first source, and a first drain;
a second differential transistor that includes a second gate, a second source, and a second drain;
a current source that is coupled to both the first source and the second source;
a first series connected RL circuit that communicatively couples between the first drain and a logic high level;
a second series connected RL circuit that communicatively couples between the second drain and the logic high level;
a first capacitive load coupled to the first drain; and
a second capacitive load coupled to the second drain; and wherein:
the first gate and the second gate are differential inputs of the serializer that receive at least one signal of the first plurality of signals; and
the first drain and the second drain are differential outputs that output at least a portion of the serialized signal.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein:
the current source is implemented using a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) having a third drain, a third gate, and a third source;
the third drain couples to the first source; and
the third drain couples to the second source.
20. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising:
at least one additional circuitry, implemented using current-controlled complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (C3MOS) logic, that is operable to:
receive a second plurality of signals such that each signal of the second plurality of signals has a third frequency; and
process the second plurality of signals thereby generating the first plurality of signals that us received by the circuitry, implemented using C3MOS logic with inductive broadbanding.