1. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising:
a collision locating section configured to detect a collision and determining a collision area in which the collision occurs, according to route requests received through an ad-hoc network based on an on-demand driving routing protocol;
a relay node selecting section configured to select a relay node which is located outside the collision area and turn-off of which will not influence connectivity in the ad-hoc network; and
a relay node controlling section configured to control the selected relay node to turn off in response to the selection of the relay node and keeping the selected node off if the collision in the collision area is alleviated or eliminated after the selected relay node is turned off
2. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, the relay node controlling section is configured to control the selected relay node to turn on in the event that the collision in the collision area is not alleviated nor eliminated after the selected relay node is turned off, and, the relay node selecting section is configured to select another relay node which is located outside the collision area and turn-off of which will not influence the connectivity in the ad-hoc network in response to controlling the selected relay node to turn on.
3. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, the another selected relay node spaces a specific number of hops from the selected relay node.
4. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, the relay node selecting section is further configured to select in preference the relay node having a smaller distance from a boundary of the collision area.
5. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, the relay node selecting section is further configured to select the relay node whose turn-on and turn-off have an influence on the network topology satisfying a predetermined requirement.
6. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, the predetermined requirement comprising: the turn-on and turn-off of the relay node only influence the communication between the relay node and nodes adjacent thereto, or the turn-on and turn-off of the relay node influence the communication of an area adjacent to the relay node.
7. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, it is determined that the collision in the collision area is alleviated or eliminated, if the number of the nodes in the collision area, each of which repeatedly transmits a route request for a number of times larger than a threshold value within a specific time period after the selected relay node is turned off, decreases.
8. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, the influence due to turn-on and turn-off of the relay node on the network topology is predetermined.
9. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, the on-demand driving routing protocol is Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing.
10. A method of controlling routing selection in a wireless communication network, comprising:
detecting a collision and determining a collision area in which the collision occurs, according to route requests received through an ad-hoc network based on an on-demand driving routing protocol;
selecting a relay node which is located outside the collision area and turn-off of which will not influence connectivity in the ad-hoc network; and
controlling the selected relay node to turn off in response to the selection of the relay node and keeping the selected node off if the collision in the collision area is alleviated or eliminated after the selected relay node is turned off.
11. The method of controlling routing selection according to claim 10, wherein, further comprises controlling the selected relay node to turn on in the event that the collision in the collision area is not alleviated nor eliminated after the selected relay node is turned off, and, the relay node selecting step further comprises selecting another relay node which is located outside the collision area and turn-off of which will not influence the connectivity in the ad-hoc network in response to controlling the selected relay node to turn on.
12. The method of controlling routing selection according to claim 11, wherein, the another selected relay node spaces a specific number of hops from the selected relay node.
13. The method of controlling routing selection according to claim 10, wherein, in the selecting a relay node, the relay node having a smaller distance from a boundary of the collision area is selected in preference.
14. The method of controlling routing selection according to claim 10, wherein, in the selecting a relay node, the relay node whose turn-on and turn-off have an influence on the network topology satisfying a predetermined requirement is select.
15. The method of controlling routing selection according to claim 14, wherein, the predetermined requirement comprises: the turn-on and turn-off of the relay node only influence the communication between the relay node and nodes adjacent thereto, or the turn-on and turn-off of the relay node influence the communication of an area adjacent to the relay node.
16. The method of controlling routing selection according to claim 10, wherein, it is determined that the collision in the collision area is alleviated or eliminated, if the number of the nodes in the collision area, each of which repeatedly transmits a route request for a number of times larger than a threshold value within a specific time period after the selected relay node is turned off, decreases.
17. The method of controlling routing selection according to claim 10, wherein, the influence due to turn-on and turn-off of the relay node on the network topology is predetermined.
18. The method of controlling routing selection according to claim 10, wherein, the on-demand driving routing protocol is Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing.
19. A wireless communication network comprising the wireless communication apparatus according to claim 1.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A combination comprising
4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile, or a stereoisomeric form thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; and
a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile, the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, and the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor are therapeutically effective HIV inhibitors at a dose that can be administered once daily.
2. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile.
3. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile hydrochloride.
4. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor andor the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor select mutations in the reverse transcriptase that do not cause resistance to E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile.
5. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor is tenofovir or its prodrug tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
6. The combination according to claim 1 wherein the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor is emtricitabine, racemic FTC, lamivudine, abacavir, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
7. The combination according to claim 1 wherein the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor is emtricitabine.
8. The combination according to claim 1 wherein the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor is lamivudine.
9. The combination according to claim 1 wherein the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor is abacavir or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
10. The combination according to claim 1 wherein the combination comprises
4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile, or a stereoisomeric form thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
tenofovir or its prodrug tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and
lamivudine.
11. The combination according to claim 9, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile.
12. The combination according to claim 9, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile hydrochloride.
13. The combination according to claim 1 that comprises
4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile, or a stereoisomeric form thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
tenofovir or its prodrug tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and
abacavir or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
14. The combination according to claim 13, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile.
15. The combination according to claim 13, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile hydrochloride.
16. The combination according to claim 1 that comprises 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile, or a stereoisomeric form thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
lamivudine, and
emtricitabine.
17. The combination according to claim 16, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile.
18. The combination according to claim 16, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile hydrochloride.
19. The combination according to claim 1 that comprises
4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile, or a stereoisomeric form thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and
abacavir, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and
emtricitabine.
20. The combination according to claim 19, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile.
21. The combination according to claim 19, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile hydrochloride.
22. The combination according to claim 1 that comprises
4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile, or a stereoisomeric form thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
lamivudine, and
abacavir, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
23. The combination according to claim 22, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile.
24. The combination according to claim 22, wherein the 4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile is E-4-4-4-(2-cyanoethenyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl-amino-2-pyrimidinyl-amino-benzonitrile hydrochloride.
25. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of each couple of components of the combination vary in a range from 110 to 101.
26. A product containing a combination as claimed in claim 1 in a single unit dosage form.
27. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a combination as claimed in claim 1.
28. A kit comprising the combination of claim 1 packaged with instructions for use.
29. A method of treating HIV infection in a patient comprising administering to the patient a combination as claimed in claim 1.