1. A method of preparing a hydrogenated cross-linked polymer, comprising:
polymerizing a reactive composition comprising a mixture of at least two different monomers, wherein the monomers are represented by the formula III:
REH3 H3E-(ER2)c-EH3 H3E-(ER2)c-ERH2 H3E-(ER2)c-ER3\u2003\u2003(III)
wherein every E is independently a Si atom or a Ge atom, every R group is independently selected as specified below, and c is a number from 0 to 100, to form a cross-linked polymer represented by the formula I:
-(ER2)a\u2014\u2003\u2003(I)
wherein every E is as specified above, every R group is independently a hydrogen, a halogen, an alkenyl group, a substituted alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a substituted alkynyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbyl group, a substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl group, a heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbyl group, a substituted heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbyl group, a SiR13 group, a GeR13 group, a NR12 group, a PR12 group, an OR1 group, or a SR1 group; every R1 group is independently a hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group; wherein the R groups are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group and the R1 groups are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group; wherein the average a is a number from 2 to 1,000,000, and a fraction of the R groups are replaced with cross-linking bonds between polymer chains wherein the cross-linking chains comprise -(ER2)a\u2032\u2014 polymeric chains with the R groups being independently selected from the R groups above, and a\u2032 is a distribution of numbers with an average from 1 to about 1000; and
when the R groups of the polymer represented by the formula I are not H, reacting the product of polymerization with a source of hydride to replace the R groups with H to form said hydrogenated cross-linked polymer.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymerization is driven with an apparatus for conducting electrolysis or with a catalyst selected from the group consisting of Cp2 MH2, CpCp*MH2, Cp2M(CH3)2, CpCp*M(CH3)2, Cp2M(C6H5)2, CpCp*M(C6H5)2, Cp2M(C2H5)2, CpCp*M(C2H5)2, Cp2M(C3H7)2, CpCp*M(C3H7)2, Cp2M(C4H9)2, CpCp*M(C4H9)2, R2dR3eM, R2dR3eMf+Af\u2212, in situ synthesized analogs thereof, and immobilized derivatives thereof, wherein Cp is C5H5 cyclopentadienyl and Cp* is C5(CH3)5 pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of metals and metalloids of group 3 through group 13 of the Periodic Table of Elements, lanthanides, and actinides; d and e are integer numbers from 0 to 10, f is a number from 0 to 2, every R2 is independently a SiR43 group, a GeR43 group, a NR4 group, a NR42 group, a NR43 group, a PR4 group, a PR42 group, a PR43 group, an OR4 group, a SR4 group, and a cyclopentadienyl group or substituted cyclopentadienyl group represented by the formula C5HgR45-g, the R2 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, wherein g is an integer number from 0 to 5, every R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, an OR5 group, a C(\u2550O)R5 group, a CO2R5 group, a SiR53 group, a GeR53 group, or a NR52 group; the R4 groups are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, wherein every R5 is independently a hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, the R5 groups are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, R3 is independently a CO group, a R6CN group, a R6NC group, a hydride group, a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, a SiR63 group, a GeR63 group, a NR6 group, a NR62 group, a NR63 group, a PR6 group, a PR62 group, a PR63 group, a OR6 group, or a SR6 group, the R3 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, wherein every R6 is independently a hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, an OR7 group, a C(\u2550O)R7 group, a CO2R7 group, a SiR73 group, a GeR73 group, or a NR72 group, the R6 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, wherein every R7 is independently a hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, the R7 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, and Af\u2212 is an anion selected from the group consisting of BF4\u2212, PF6\u2212, SbF6\u2212, CF3SO3\u2212, CB11H12\u2212, CB9H10\u2212, CB9H5X15\u2212, CB11H6X16\u2212, B(C6F5)4\u2212, and (M1)hZ1Z2 . . . Zjf\u2212, wherein X1 is halogen, M1 is B, Al, or Ga, h is a number from 0 to 4, j is an integer number from 0 to 12, or j is 4, and Z1 through Zj are independently an H, a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, a halogen, a halogen substituted hydrocarbyl group, a halogen substituted hydrocarbyl organometalloid group, an OR8, C(\u2550O)R8, CO2R8, and NR82, wherein every R8 is an H, a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, and a halogen substituted hydrocarbyl group, the Z1 through Zj are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the reactive composition comprises a solubilization agent selected from the group consisting of cryptands, crown ethers, encapsulating ligands, linear oligoethers, linear polyethers, compounds R9O((CR102)kO)mR9, compounds R9(NR11)((CR102)k(NR11))mR9, compounds R9N((CR102)kO)m(CR102)k2NR9, and compounds N((CR102)kO)m(CR102)k3N, wherein k and m are numbers from 1 to 20, every R9 and R11 are independently a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, every R10 is independently a hydride group, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, the R9, R10, and R11 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the source of hydride is selected from the group consisting of LiH, NaH, KH, LiAlH4, NaBH4, NaAlH2(OCH2CH2OCH3)2, HnM2pX2qR12r, and HnM2pM3sX2qR12r, wherein n, p, q, r and s are independently numbers from 0 to 20, M2 and M3 are independently Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, B, Al, Si, or Sn, every X2 is an independently a halogen, and every R12 is independently a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, a NR132 group, or an OR13 group, wherein every R13 is independently a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, the R12 and R13 groups are optionally substituted with a plurality of O and N atoms, the R12 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, and the R13 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising halogenating the product of polymerization prior to reacting the product of polymerization with the source of hydride, wherein the halogenation replaces one or more of the R groups of the polymer represented by the formula I with a halogen atom and the halogenation is carried out by reacting the product of polymerization with a halogenation source, wherein the halogen source is HX3, R14(C\u2550O)X3, or a combination of HX5 with M6X3, wherein X3 is independently a halogen and X5 is OMs (methanesulfonate group), OTf (trifluoromethanesulfonate) group, or OTs (toluenesulfonate) group; wherein M6 is Li, Na, K, Cs, or Rb; and wherein R14 is a hydride group, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the halogenation is facilitated by a catalytic composition comprising M4tX4u, wherein M4 is selected from the group consisting of metals and metalloids of group 3 through group 13 of the Periodic Table of Elements, lanthanides, and actinides, X4 are independently a halogen, t is a number from 1 to 5, and u is a number from 1 to 30.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising halogenating the product of polymerization prior to reacting the product of polymerization with the source of hydride, wherein the halogenation replaces one or more of the R groups of the polymer represented by the formula I with a halogen atom and the halogenation is carried out by reacting the product of polymerization with a halogenation source, wherein the halogen source is HX3, R14(C\u2550O)X3, or a combination of HX5 with M6X3, wherein X3 is independently a halogen and X5 is OMs methanesulfonate group, OTf trifluoromethanesulfonate group, or OTs toluenesulfonate group; wherein M6 is Li, Na, K, Cs, or Rb; and wherein R14 is a hydride group, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, and wherein the monomers are represented by the formula III, but the R group of the monomers is not an aromatic hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl group.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the total number of E atoms in the polymer is from 20 to 4000.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein R is hydrogen, a halogen, an aromatic hydrocarbyl group, a substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl group, a SiR13 group, a GeR13 group or a PR12 group, and R1 is hydrogen, an aromatic hydrocarbyl group or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl group.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein R1 is hydrogen.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein said monomers are selected from the group consisting of REH3 and H3E-(ER2)c-EH3.
12. The method of claim 11, where R is hydrogen, an aromatic hydrocarbyl group, a substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl group, a SiR13 group, a GeR13 group or a PR12 group, and R1 is hydrogen, an aromatic hydrocarbyl group or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl group.
13. The method of claim 2, wherein said catalyst for polymerizing said formula III monomers is selected from the group consisting of Cp2 MH2, CpCp*MH2, Cp2M(C6H5)2, and CpCp*M(C6H5)2.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr and Hf.
15. The method of claim 4, wherein said source of hydride is selected from the group consisting of LiAlH4, NaBH4 and NaAlH2(OCH2CH2OCH3)2.
16. The method of claim 5, wherein said halogen source is HX3.
17. The method of claim 6, wherein said halogen source is a combination of HX3 and M6X3.
18. The method of claim 6, where M4 is a group 13 element, X4 is Br or Cl, t is 1 or 2, and u=3t.
19. The method of claim 6, wherein M4 is Al and X4 is Cl.
20. The method of claim 7, wherein said halogen source is HX3.
21. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more of the R groups of the cross-linked polymer represented by the formula I are aryl groups.
22. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more of the R groups of the cross-linked polymer represented by the formula I are phenyl groups.
23. The method of claim 1, wherein the R is aryl or phenyl.
24. The method of claim 21 further comprising halogenating the product of polymerization prior to reacting the product of polymerization with the source of hydride, wherein the halogenation replaces one or more of the R groups of the polymer represented by the formula I with a halogen atom and the halogenation is carried out by reacting the product of polymerization with a halogenation source, wherein the halogen source is HX3, R14(C\u2550O)X3, or a combination of HX5 with M6X3, wherein X3 is independently a halogen and X5 is OMs (methanesulfonate group), OTf (trifluoromethanesulfonate) group, or OTs (toluenesulfonate) group; wherein M6 is Li, Na, K, Cs, or Rb; and wherein R14 is a hydride group, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein the halogenation is facilitated by a catalytic composition comprising M4tX4u, wherein M4 is selected from the group consisting of metals and metalloids of group 3 through group 13 of the Periodic Table of Elements, lanthanides, and actinides, X4 are independently a halogen, t is a number from 1 to 5, and u is a number from 1 to 30.
26. The method of claim 24 wherein the source of hydride is selected from the group consisting of LiH, NaH, KH, LiAlH4, NaBH4, NaAlH2(OCH2CH2OCH3)2, HnM2pX2qR12r, and HnM2pM3sX2qR12r, wherein n, p, q, r and s are independently numbers from 0 to 20, M2 and M3 are independently Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, B, Al, Si, or Sn, every X2 is an independently a halogen, and every R12 is independently a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, a NR132 group, or an OR13 group, wherein every R13 is independently a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, the R12 and R13 groups are optionally substituted with a plurality of O and N atoms, the R12 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, and the R13 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group.
27. The method of claim 23 further comprising halogenating the product of polymerization prior to reacting the product of polymerization with the source of hydride, wherein the halogenation replaces one or more of the R groups of the polymer represented by the formula I with a halogen atom and the halogenation is carried out by reacting the product of polymerization with a halogenation source, wherein the halogen source is HX3, R14(C\u2550O)X3, or a combination of HX5 with M6X3, wherein X3 is independently a halogen and X5 is OMs (methanesulfonate group), OTf (trifluoromethanesulfonate) group, or OTs (toluenesulfonate) group; wherein M6 is Li, Na, K, Cs, or Rb; and wherein R14 is a hydride group, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group.
28. The method of claim 27 wherein the halogenation is facilitated by a catalytic composition comprising M4tX4u, wherein M4 is selected from the group consisting of metals and metalloids of group 3 through group 13 of the Periodic Table of Elements, lanthanides, and actinides, X4 are independently a halogen, t is a number from 1 to 5, and u is a number from 1 to 30.
29. The method of claim 27 wherein the source of hydride is selected from the group consisting of LiH, NaH, KH, LiAlH4, NaBH4, NaAlH2(OCH2CH2OCH3)2, HnM2pX2qR1r, and HnM2pM3sX2qR12r, wherein n, p, q, r and s are independently numbers from 0 to 20, M2 and M3 are independently Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, B, Al, Si, or Sn, every X2 is an independently a halogen, and every R12 is independently a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, a NR132 group, or an OR13 group, wherein every R13 is independently a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, the R12 and R13 groups are optionally substituted with a plurality of O and N atoms, the R12 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group, and the R13 are optionally linked to each other to form a stable bridging group.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A device for pivoting an ultrasound element assembly of a probe in an ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus, the probe including a base for supporting the ultrasound element assembly, the device comprising:
a pivot shaft rotatably coupled to the base and supporting the ultrasound element assembly;
a wire holder coupled to the pivot shaft;
a driving motor mounted to the base and having a driving shaft; and
a wire rope assembly including a housing connected to the driving shaft of the driving motor so as to be rotated therewith, the wire rope assembly including a torsion coil spring provided in the housing, the torsion coil spring having a first bent portion at a first end and a second bent portion at a second end, the first and second bent portions extending outside the housing, and the wire rope assembly also including first and second wire ropes, wherein a first end of the first and second wire ropes is connected to the wire holder and a second end of the first and second wire ropes is connected to the first and second bent portions, respectively.
2. The device as recited in claim 1, wherein the first and second wire ropes are arranged to cross with each other.
3. The device as recited in claim 1, wherein the driving motor is a step motor.
4. The device as recited in claim 1, wherein the device further comprises:
a speed reduction means provided between the driving motor and the wire rope assembly, the speed reduction means including a driving pulley coupled to the driving shaft of the driving motor,
a driven pulley fixed to the base,
a timing belt wound around the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and
a driven shaft, one end of which is fixed to the driven pulley and the other end of which is fixed to the housing of the wire rope assembly.
5. The device as recited in claim 4, wherein teeth are formed at the driving pulley, the driven pulley and the timing belt so that they are tooth-engaged with each other.
6. The device as recited in claim 4, wherein
a motor supporting plate is coupled to the driving motor near the driving shaft of the driving motor for fixing the driving motor to the base, and
the motor supporting plate has means for adjusting a tension of the timing belt by adjusting the distance between the driving pulley and the driven pulley.
7. The device as recited in claim 6, wherein the means for adjusting the tension of the timing belt includes at least one through-hole, through which a bolt is fastened to fix the motor supporting plate to the base, extending portions extending vertically from the motor fixing plate, bending portions formed horizontally at the tips of the respective extending portions, and bolt-holes formed vertically at the bending portions, whereby as bolts are tightened through the bolt-holes toward the base, a front end of each bolt moves to be in contact with the base and a reactional force against the movement of the bolt is applied to the motor supporting plate, thereby causing the driving pulley to move away from the driven pulley.
8. The device as recited in claim 7, wherein the through-hole has a slot-shape, which is long in a vertical direction.