1. A beverage composition for promoting weight loss, comprising:
a stimulant agent;
a fat burning agent;
a carbohydrate blocking agent;
an anti-cholesterol agent;
an insulin sensitizing agent;
a sweetening agent;
an aromatic agent;
an antioxidant agent;
an anti-inflammatory agent;
a dietary fiber; and
a diuretic agent.
2. The beverage composition of claim 1, wherein the stimulant agent is Oolong tea.
3. The beverage composition of claim 2, wherein Oolong tea comprises a mixture of Taiwanese tea and Min Lan tea.
4. The beverage composition of claim 1, wherein the fat burning agent, the carbohydrate blocking agent, the anti-cholesterol agent, and the insulin sensitizing agent is Oolong tea.
5. The beverage composition of claim 1, wherein the sweetening agent is selected from the group consisting of stevia and inulin.
6. The beverage composition of claim 1, wherein the aromatic agent is selected from the group consisting of vanilla essential oil, cinnamon bark, and nutmeg.
7. The beverage composition of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant agent is cacao powder.
8. The beverage composition of claim 1, wherein the anti-inflammatory agent is selected from the group consisting of frankincense, vanilla essential oil, cinnamon bark, and ground nutmeg.
9. The beverage composition of claim 8, wherein the frankincense is derived from at least one of Boswellia sacra, Boswelli carteri, Boswelli thurifera, Boswelli frereana, and Boswelli bhaw-dajiana.
10. The beverage composition of claim 1, wherein the dietary fiber is selected from the group consisting of cacao powder, ground nutmeg, cinnamon bark, and inulin.
11. The beverage composition of claim 1, wherein the diuretic agent is frankincense powder.
12. A method for promoting weight loss, the method comprising:
providing a beverage comprising:
a stimulant agent;
a fat burning agent;
a carbohydrate blocking agent;
an anti-cholesterol agent;
an insulin sensitizing agent;
a sweetening agent;
an aromatic agent;
an antioxidant agent;
an anti-inflammatory agent;
a dietary fiber; and
a diuretic agent; and
administering the beverage to a user with meals, before workouts, and after workouts.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the stimulant agent, the fat burning agent, the carbohydrate blocking agent, the anti-cholesterol agent, and the insulin sensitizing agent is Oolong tea.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein Oolong tea comprises a mixture of Taiwanese tea and Min Lan tea.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the Oolong tea comprises approximately 43.75% of a serving of the beverage, by weight.
16. The method of claim 12, wherein the sweetening agent is inulin, and wherein inulin comprises approximately 25.82% of a serving of the beverage, by weight.
17. The method of claim 12, wherein the sweetening agent is stevia, and wherein stevia comprises approximately 0.2% of a serving of the beverage, by weight.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein the antioxidant agent is cacao powder, and wherein cacao powder comprises approximately 7.01% of a serving of the beverage, by weight.
19. The method of claim 12, wherein the anti-inflammatory agent is selected from the group consisting of frankincense, vanilla essential oil, cinnamon bark, and ground nutmeg.
20. A beverage composition for promoting weight loss, comprising:
Oolong tea from approximately 0.01 grams per serving to approximately 3.0 grams per serving;
cinnamon bark from approximately 0.1 grams per serving to approximately 0.8 grams per serving;
stevia from approximately 0.0005 grams per serving to approximately 0.05 grams per serving;
inulin from approximately 0.05 grams per serving to approximately 1.5 grams per serving;
vanilla essential oil from approximately 0.005 grams per serving to approximately 0.5 grams per serving;
cacao powder from approximately 0.01 grams per serving to approximately 1.0 grams per serving;
frankincense powder from approximately 0.005 grams per serving to approximately 0.2 grams per serving; and
ground nutmeg from approximately 0.0001 grams per serving to approximately 0.1 grams per serving.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A data transceiver module, comprising:
a plurality of optical transmitters, each optical transmitter being configured to receive an information bearing signal and generate an optical signal having a wavelength different from wavelengths generated by others of the plurality of optical transmitters;
a plurality of optical receivers, each optical receiver being configured to receive an optical signal having a wavelength matching one of the plurality of optical transmitters and convert it to an information bearing electrical signal; and
a four level pulse-amplitude-modulator (PAM4) chip generating a pulse-amplitude-modulated information bearing signal input to at least one optical transmitter of the plurality of optical transmitters and receiving the information bearing from at least one optical receiver of the plurality of optical receivers and converting it to an information signal using pulse amplitude demodulation.
2. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, further comprising a QSFP28 form factor housing containing the plurality of optical transmitters, the plurality of optical receivers and the PAM4 chip.
3. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein each optical transmitter includes a driver amplifier and composed of one of: a fixed and a tunable optical EML.
4. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein each optical transmitter includes a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), and a driver amplifier and one of: a fixed or a tunable CW laser.
5. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein the each optical transmitter can have a modulation bandwidth approximately equal to or greater than 10 GHz.
6. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein each optical receiver is composed of one of a p-type, intrinsic, n-type photodiode (PIN) and an avalanche photodiode (APD) connected in series with a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA).
7. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein each optical receiver has a bandwidth of approximately equal to or greater than 15 GHz.
8. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein each PAM4 chip is configured to de-serialize 4\xd725 Gbs non-return to zero (NRZ) data, and serialize the NRZ data into two streams of 50 Gbs PAM4 data in one direction, and reverse the signal processing sequence in a different direction.
9. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein each PAM4 chip includes a digital to analog converter (DAC), an analog to digital converter (ADC), a digital signal processing (DSP) unit, and a forward error correction (FEC) codec.
10. A data transmission system, comprising:
the optical transceiver of claim 1,
a multiplexer serially connected to each of the plurality of optical transmitters of the optical transceiver and configured to multiplex the optical signal generated by each optical transmitter into a single optical signal;
a first optical amplifier serially connected to the multiplexer configured to amplify the single optical signal;
a single-mode-fiber link serially connected to the first optical amplifier configured to transmit the amplified single optical signal;
a dispersion compensator configured to receive the single optical signal transmitted by the single-mode-fiber link and compensate for accumulated fiber chromatic dispersion;
a demultiplexer serially connected to dispersion compensator configured to demultiplex the amplified, compensated single optical signal into a plurality of compensated optical signals; and
a plurality of optical receivers of the optical transceiver, each optical receiver being serially connected to the demultiplexer and configured to receive one of the plurality of compensated optical signals.
11. The data transmission system of claim 10, wherein the first optical amplifier is a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).
12. The data transmission system of claim 11, further comprising a second EDFA serially connected between the dispersion compensator and the demultiplexer, and configured to amplify the compensated single optical signal.
13. The data transmission system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of optical transmitters are direct detection-based pulse-amplitude-modulation with four amplitude level optical transmitters.
14. The data transmission system of claim 10, wherein
the multiplexer comprises two separate multiplexers, each serially connected to a separate half of the plurality of optical transmitters of the optical transceiver module, and a serially connected optical interleaver serially connected to the first optical amplifier and the two separate multiplexers,
each separate multiplexer is configured to multiplex the signal generated by the connected separate half of the plurality of optical transmitters into a multiplexed signal, and
the optical interleaver is configured to interleave the multiplexed signal from each of the separate multiplexers into the single signal.
15. The data transmission system of claim 10, wherein
the demultiplexer comprises an optical deinterleaver serially connected to the dispersion compensator and two separate demultiplexers, each serially connected to the optical deinterleaver and a separate half of the plurality of optical receivers,
the optical deinterleaver is configured to deinterleave the compensated single optical signal into two separate optical signals, and
each separate demultiplexer is configured to demultiplex one of the two separate optical signals deinterleaved by the optical deinterleaver into half of the plurality of compensated signals.
16. The data transmission system of claim 12, further comprising:
a third EDFA serially connected to the single-mode-fiber link configured to receive and amplify the transmitted single optical signal, wherein
the dispersion compensator is serially connected to the third EDFA, and
the transmitted single optical signal received by the dispersion compensator is the single optical signal amplified by the third EDFA.
17. A data transmission system, comprising:
a plurality of four-level pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM4) 100 Gbs optical transceiver modules, each consisting of two 10G optical transmitters and an electrical PAM4 chip generating two signals of 50 Gbs data, with each 50 Gbs data signal driving the two 10G optical transmitters for a total of two wavelengths;
a multiplexer serially connected to each of the plurality of optical 100 Gbs transceivers configured to multiplex the two wavelength of the optical transceiver modules into a single optical DWDM signal;
a first optical amplifier serially connected to the multiplexer, amplifying the single optical DWDM signal;
a single-mode-fiber link serially connected to the first optical amplifier, configured to transmit the amplified single optical signal;
a dispersion compensator configured to receive the single optical DWDM signal transmitted by the single-mode-fiber link, and compensate the single optical DWDM signal to compensate for accumulated fiber chromatic dispersion;
a demultiplexer serially connected to the dispersion compensator, configured to demultiplex the amplified, compensated single optical DWDM signal into a plurality of compensated optical wavelengths; and
a plurality of four-level pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM4) 100 Gbs optical transceiver modules each including of two optical receivers, receiving the plurality of compensated optical signals, wherein each optical receiver is serially connected to the demultiplexer and configured to receive one of the plurality of compensated 50 Gbs optical wavelengths and outputting electrical 50 Gbs signal, and a PAM4 chip receiving the electrical 50 Gbs signal for demodulation and decoding.
18. The data transmission system of claim 17, wherein the first optical amplifier is a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).
19. The data transmission system of claim 18, further comprising a second EDFA serially connected between the dispersion compensator and the demultiplexer, and configured to amplify the compensated single optical signal.
20. A data transmission system, comprising:
a plurality of >30 GHz optical transmitters, each optical transmitter being configured to generate an optical signal having a wavelength using PAM4 modulation and with >100 Gbs data rate;
a multiplexer serially connected to each of the plurality of optical transmitters configured to multiplex the optical signal generated by each optical transmitter into a single optical dense-wavelength-division-multiplexed (DWDM) signal;
a first optical amplifier serially connected to the multiplexer and configured to amplify the optical single signal;
a single-mode-fiber link serially connected to the first optical amplifier configured to transmit the amplified single signal;
a dispersion compensator configured to receive the optical single signal transmitted by the single-mode-fiber link and compensate for accumulated fiber chromatic dispersion; a demultiplexer serially connected to the dispersion compensator configured to demultiplex the amplified, compensated single optical DWDM signal into a plurality of compensated optical wavelengths; and
a plurality of optical receivers, each optical receiver having a bandwidth greater than or equal to approximately 30 GHz being serially connected to the demultiplexer and configured to receive one of the plurality of compensated optical wavelengths.
21. The data transmission system of claim 20, wherein the first optical amplifier is a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).
22. The data transmission system of claim 21, further comprising a second EDFA serially connected between the dispersion compensator and the demultiplexer, and configured to amplify the compensated single optical signal.
23. The data transmission system of claim 20, wherein at least two optical transmitters and at least two optical receivers are contained within a single optical module.
24. A method for transmitting data in a data transmission system, comprising:
generating, by an optical coherent transmitter, an optical information signal using dual-polarization n-array quadrature-amplitude modulation (DP-nQAM) (n\u22674) with a data rate of \u2267100 Gbs;
amplifying the optical information signal by a first optical amplifier serially connected to the optical coherent transmitter;
transmitting the amplified optical information signal by a single-mode-fiber (SMF) link serially connected to the first optical amplifier; and
receiving the transmitted and amplified optical information signal by a coherent-detection-based 100 Gbs optical coherent receiver.
25. The data transmission system of claim 24, wherein the first optical amplifier is a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).
26. The data transmission system of claim 25, further comprising amplifying the transmitted optical information signal by a second EDFA configured to amplify the compensated single optical signal before the coherent-detection-based 100 Gbs optical coherent receiver receives the transmitted optical information signal.
27. The data transmission system of claim 25, wherein the coherent receiver is a single wavelength, non-tunable, C-band, high-sensitivity coherent receiver.
28. A method for transmitting data in a data transmission system comprising:
generating an optical information signal by using a coherent optical transmitter using dual-polarization n-array quadrature-amplitude modulation (DP-nQAM) (n\u22674) with a data rate of \u2267100 Gbs;
transmitting the optical information signal by a single-mode-fiber (SMF) link serially connected to the optical coherent transmitter; and
receiving the transmitted optical information signal by a coherent-detection-based \u2267100 Gbs coherent optical receiver.
29. The data transmission system of claim 28, wherein the coherent receiver is a C-band, high-sensitivity coherent receiver.
30. The data transmission system of claim 28, wherein the coherent optical transmitter includes a non-tunable laser in C-band.
31. A method for transmitting data in a data transmission system, comprising:
generating, by each of a plurality of optical transmitters, an optical signal of a plurality of signals, each having a wavelength;
multiplexing, by a multiplexer serially connected to each of the plurality of optical transmitters, the signal generated by each optical transmitter into a single optical signal;
amplifying, by a first optical amplifier serially connected to the multiplexer, the single optical signal;
transmitting, by a single-mode-fiber link serially connected to the first optical amplifier, the amplified single optical signal; and
compensating, by a dispersion compensator configured to receive the single optical signal transmitted by the single-mode-fiber link, the single optical signal to compensate for accumulated fiber chromatic dispersion;
demultiplexing, by a demultiplexer serially connected to the dispersion compensator, the compensated single signal into a plurality of compensated signals; and
receiving, by a plurality of optical receivers, the plurality of compensated signals, wherein each optical receiver is serially connected to the demultiplexer and configured to receive one of the plurality of compensated signals.
32. The method of claim 30, wherein the plurality of optical transmitters are direct detection-based pulse-amplitude-modulation with four amplitude level optical transmitters and comprise at least a digital-to-analog converter, a Mach-Zehnder modulator, and a tunable laser.
33. The method of claim 30, wherein the first optical amplifier is a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).
34. The method of claim 32, further comprising amplifying the compensated signal by a second EDFA configured to amplify the compensated single optical signal before being received by the plurality of optical receivers.
35. The method of claim 30, wherein the dispersion compensator is one of: a tunable dispersion compensator, a fixed dispersion compensator, a dispersion compensation fiber, and a combination thereof.
36. The method of claim 30, wherein the generating an optical signal of a plurality of signals is by a coherent optical transmitter that includes a non-tunable laser in C-band.