1. In a computing environment, a method comprising, processing code, including detecting an indication that at least one user interface element is indicated in the code as a sensitive user interface element, and employing one or more clickjacking defenses with respect to each sensitive user interface element.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein employing the one or more clickjacking defenses comprises comparing a reference bitmap representative of a sensitive element against an actual screenshot of a displayed representation of an area corresponding to that sensitive element, and allowing detected interaction to be returned to an element, or not, based upon whether comparing the bitmaps resulted in a match, or mismatch, respectively.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein a user-initiated action triggers the comparing of the bitmaps.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein employing the one or more clickjacking defenses comprises preventing transforms on at least one sensitive element.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein employing the one or more clickjacking defenses comprises preventing transparency in the sensitive element.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein employing the one or more clickjacking defenses comprises freezing at least part of a display screen or muting audio, or both, when a pointer is in a region associated with a sensitive element.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein employing the one or more clickjacking defenses comprises overlaying a random mask, or using at least one visual effect, or both, when a pointer is in a region associated with a sensitive element.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein employing the one or more clickjacking defenses comprises protecting against cursorjacking, including disabling cursor customization when a pointer is in a region associated with a sensitive element.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein employing the one or more clickjacking defenses comprises disallowing any change of keyboard focus by any other origin when a sensitive element acquires keyboard focus.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein employing the one or more clickjacking defenses comprises applying one or more interaction timing constraints when a pointer enters a sensitive region.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein applying the one or more interaction timing constraints comprises enforcing a click delay when a pointer enters a sensitive region of a sensitive element, the sensitive element comprising the sensitive element’s area, or a padding region around the sensitive element’s area, or both the sensitive element’s area and a padding region around the sensitive element’s area, before a click is considered valid.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein when a sensitive element is rendered, if the pointer is already within the sensitive element’s boundaries, a click action is disabled until the pointer has left the element’s boundaries.
13. A system comprising, at least one processor and memory, the memory including instructions, corresponding to a clickjacking protection mechanism, that are executed by the processor, the clickjacking protection mechanism configured to take preventative action with respect to a user interface element that is indicated as sensitive within code, including evaluating data of an actual screenshot against data rendered from the code to determine whether any difference exists.
14. The system of claim 13 wherein the data rendered from the code comprises a reference bitmap corresponding to a sensitive element.
15. The system of claim 13 wherein the clickjacking protection mechanism is incorporated into or otherwise associated with a browser.
16. The system of claim 13 wherein the code comprises a website application, and wherein the code contains information indicative of each sensitive element therein.
17. The system of claim 13 wherein the clickjacking protection mechanism includes one or more defenses corresponding to protecting target display integrity, pointer integrity, or temporal integrity, or any combination of target display integrity, pointer integrity, or temporal integrity.
18. The system of claim 13 wherein the clickjacking protection mechanism returns a data representing a valid interaction when no difference exists between data of the actual screenshot against data rendered from the code, or data representing an invalid interaction when any difference exists between data of the actual screenshot against data rendered from the code.
19. One or more computer-readable media having computer-executable instructions, which when executed perform steps, comprising, protecting an element or page marked as sensitive, including determining when a pointer interacts with a sensitive element, and disallowing a click when a click occurs on the sensitive element and the sensitive element is not fully visible, or disallowing a click when a click occurs on the sensitive element before a delay time is met, or both.
20. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 19 having further computer executable instructions comprising, or changing at least one visible representation of a screen rendering when a pointer is hovering over an area associated with a sensitive element.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A component wall in a turbine engine comprising:
a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposed from the first surface, the substrate having a thickness defined between the first and second surfaces; and
at least one cooling passage extending through the substrate for delivering cooling fluid from a chamber associated with the first surface to the second surface, the at least one cooling passage being divided at a first location downstream from an inlet of the at least one cooling passage, the inlet located at the first surface of the substrate and the first location located about midway between the first and second surfaces of the substrate, the at least one cooling passage comprising:
a common entrance portion for receiving the cooling fluid from the inlet, the common entrance portion extending from the inlet to the first location;
first and second branches that receive the cooling fluid from the common entrance portion at the first location, the first and second branches each comprising:
an intermediate portion that extends transversely from the common entrance portion and receives cooling fluid from the entrance portion; and
an exit portion that extends transversely from the respective intermediate portion, the exit portion receiving the cooling fluid from the respective intermediate portion and delivering the cooling fluid out of the respective branch through an outlet of the respective exit portion;
wherein the cooling fluid is delivered out of the at least one cooling passage to provide cooling to the second surface of the substrate, and
wherein the intermediate portions of the first and second branches are positioned on opposite sides of the common entrance portion from about 60 degrees to about 90 degrees relative to the common entrance portion.
2. The component wall of claim 1, wherein the at least one cooling passage extends through the substrate at an angle of from about 15 degrees to about 60 degrees relative to the second surface of the substrate.
3. The component wall of claim 1, wherein the exit portions of the first and second branches are positioned from about 60 degrees to about 90 degrees relative to the respective intermediate portions.
4. The component wall of claim 3, wherein the exit portions of the first and second branches are generally parallel to the common entrance portion.
5. The component wall of claim 1, wherein the outlets of the exit portions of the first and second branches define outlets of the at least one cooling passage such that the at least one cooling passage comprises one inlet and two outlets, the exit portions delivering the cooling fluid from the outlets directly to the second surface of the substrate.
6. The component wall of claim 1, wherein the first and second branches are divided between the first location and the second surface of the substrate such that the at least one cooling passage further comprises first, second, third, and fourth secondary branches, the first and second secondary branches extending from the outlet of the exit portion of the first branch and the third and fourth secondary branches extending from the outlet of the exit portion of the second branch.
7. The component wall of claim 6, wherein the first location is closer to the first surface of the substrate than to the second surface of the substrate and the first and second branches are divided closer to the second surface of the substrate than to the first surface of the substrate.
8. The component wall of claim 6, wherein the first, second, third, and fourth secondary branches each comprise:
a secondary intermediate portion that extends transversely from the exit portion of the respective branch and receives cooling fluid from the respective branch; and
a secondary exit portion that extends transversely from the respective secondary intermediate portion, the secondary exit portion receiving the cooling fluid from the respective secondary intermediate portion and delivering the cooling fluid out of the at least one cooling passage through an outlet of the respective secondary exit portion to the second surface of the substrate such that the at least one cooling passage comprises one inlet and four outlets.
9. The component wall of claim 1, wherein the first and second branches are completely enclosed within the substrate between the common entrance portion and the outlets of the first and second exit portions.
10. The component wall of claim 9, wherein the at least one cooling passage is cast in the substrate.
11. A component wall in a turbine engine comprising:
a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposed from the first surface, the substrate having a thickness defined between the first and second surfaces; and
at least one cooling passage extending through the substrate for delivering cooling fluid from a chamber associated with the first surface to the second surface, the at least one cooling passage comprising:
a common entrance portion extending from an inlet of the at least one cooling passage to a first location spaced from the inlet in a first direction that is perpendicular to the second surface of the substrate, the first location located about midway between the first and second surfaces of the substrate;
a first intermediate portion extending from the first location at an angle of about 60 degrees to about 90 degrees relative to the common entrance portion to a second location spaced from the first location in a second direction that is parallel to the second surface of the substrate; and
a first exit portion extending transversely from the first intermediate portion from the second location to a first outlet spaced from the second location in the first direction.
12. The component wall of claim 11, wherein the first exit portion is positioned from about 60 degrees to about 90 degrees relative to the first intermediate portion.
13. The component wall of claim 12, wherein the first exit portion is generally parallel to the common entrance portion.
14. The component wall of claim 11, wherein the at least one cooling passage is divided at the first location and further comprises:
a second intermediate portion extending at an angle of about 60 degrees to about 90 degrees relative to the common entrance portion from the first location to a third location spaced from the first location in the second direction and being on the opposite side of the common entrance portion than the second location; and
a second exit portion extending transversely from the second intermediate portion from the third location to a second outlet spaced from the third location in the first direction.
15. The component wall of claim 14, wherein:
the first intermediate portion extends from the first location to the second location at an angle of about 90 degrees relative to the common entrance portion; and
the second intermediate portion extends from the first location to the third location at an angle of about 90 degrees relative to the common entrance portion.
16. The component wall of claim 11, wherein the first intermediate portion and the first exit portion are completely enclosed within the substrate between the common entrance portion and the outlet of the first exit portion.
17. The component wall of claim 11, wherein the at least one cooling passage is cast in the substrate.