1. A manufacturing method of a dielectric device comprising:
a mixing step in which powders serving as a matrix and powders of low melting point glass serving as an additive for sintering the matrix are mixed;
a mixture heat-treating step in which the mixture of the matrix and the additive that has been subject to the mixing step is heat-treated;
a deposition layer formation step in which material powders obtained through the mixture heat-treating step are injected to a substrate so as to form a deposition layer on the substrate; and
a deposition layer heat-treating step in which the deposition layer formed on the substrate through the deposition layer formation step is heat-treated at less than 700\xb0 C. so as to form a dielectric layer on the substrate.
2. A manufacturing method of a dielectric device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a pulverizing step in which a processed substance that has been heat-treated at the mixture heat-treating step is pulverized so as to obtain the material powders.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for detecting or measuring nucleotide strand hybridization comprising:
a) providing an ion sensitive electrode in solution;
b) determining a potential change in the solution without applying an externally sourced voltage during the hybridization.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion sensitive electrode comprises an electrically conducting polymer.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the polymer is ionically charged in its doped form.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion sensitive electrode comprises polyaniline.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the polyaniline is ionically charged in its doped form.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes probes comprising nucleotide strands, the method further:
c) determining whether or not the solution includes complementary nucleotide strands using the determined potential change.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the determination can distinguish a single nucleotide polymorphism.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes probes comprising nucleotide strands and wherein the probes have been immobilized onto a surface of the electrode by a covalent immobilization method.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the covalent immobilization method is selected from a group consisting of (A) thiol addition, (B) ester bond formation, and (C) amide bond formation.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes probes comprising nucleotide strands and wherein the probes have been immobilized onto a surface of the electrode by a non-covalent immobilization method.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the non-covalent immobilization method is selected from a group consisting of (A) ink jet printing and (B) layer-by-layer deposition.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes oligonucleotide probes of length of 6-75 nucleotides.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining a potential change includes monitored potential in an electric field created by the presence of a counter electrode.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes probes selected from a group consisting of (A) oligonucleotides, (B) polymerase chain reaction, (C) genomic DNAs, (D) bacterial artificial chromosomes, and (E) plasmids.
15. Apparatus comprising means for detecting or measuring nucleotide strand hybridization comprising:
a) an ion sensitive electrode to be provided in solution;
b) means for determining a potential change in the solution without applying any external energy during the hybridization.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the ion sensitive electrode comprises an electrically conducting polymer.
17. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the ion sensitive electrode comprises polyaniline.
18. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes probes comprising nucleotide strands, the apparatus further comprising:
c) means for determining whether or not the solution includes complementary nucleotide strands using the determined potential change.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the means for determining can distinguish a single nucleotide polymorphism.
20. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes probes comprising nucleotide strands and wherein the probes have been immobilized onto a surface of the electrode by a covalent immobilization method.
21. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes probes comprising nucleotide strands and wherein the probes have been immobilized onto a surface of the electrode by a non-covalent immobilization method.
22. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes oligonucleotide probes of length of 6-75 nucleotides.
23. The method of claim 15 wherein the ion sensitive electrode includes probes selected from a group consisting of (A) oligonucleotides, (B) polymerase chain reaction, (C) genomic DNAs, (D) bacterial artificial chromosomes, and (E) plasmids.