What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for protecting one or more pin connectors on a circuit board comprising:
(a) a housing defining an interior cavity for receiving at least one pin connector; and
(b) a mechanism for removably securing the housing over the pin connector.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the interior cavity is partitioned into a plurality of cavities.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the plurality of cavities accommodate multiple pin connectors attached to the circuit board.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the mechanism for removably securing the housing over the pin connector comprises an aperture for engaging a structure on the circuit board.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the aperture has an irregular shape to create an interfering fit with the structure on the circuit board.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a mechanism to enable removal of the housing from around the pin connector.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the mechanism to enable removal comprises a projection extending from a surface of the housing.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the mechanism to enable removal comprises a pair of projections extending from a surface of the housing.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is formed of a semi-rigid material.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the housing is formed of a resin.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the housing is formed with an injection-molding process.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
an aperture extending through the housing and isolated from the interior cavity.
13. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the mechanism for removably securing the housing to the pin connector comprises a plurality of apertures.
14. An apparatus for protecting one or more electrical pin connectors on a circuit board comprising:
(a) a housing defining an interior cavity for receiving at least one pin connector;
(b) a mechanism for removably securing the housing over the pin connector; and
(c) a mechanism for aligning the interior cavity of the housing with the pin connector.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the mechanism for aligning comprises at least one wall of the housing shaped to mimic a feature of one of the pin connector and circuit board.
16. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the mechanism for aligning comprises at least one fin projecting from a surface of the housing to facilitate handling thereof.
17. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the mechanism for aligning comprises at least one aperture shaped to accommodate a feature of one of the pin connector and circuit board.
18. In a computer system having a circuit board and one or more electrical pin connectors affixed thereon, a method for preventing damage or contamination of the pin connector comprising:
(a) providing a protective cover having an interior cavity defined therein and mechanisms for aligning the protective cover with features of the circuit board and for removably securing the protective cover over the pin connector;
(b) aligning the protective cover with features on one of the circuit board and pin connector; and
(c) removably securing the protective cover adjacent the circuit board so that the pin connector is disposed within the interior cavity of the protective cover.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the features comprise a cylindrical projection and wherein the mechanism for aligning comprises an arcuate-shaped surface on the protective cover, and wherein (b) comprises:
(b.1) aligning the protective cover with the features so that the cylindrical projection is disposed along the arcuate surface of the protective cover.
20. The method of claim 18 wherein the features comprise a cylindrical projection and wherein the mechanism for removably securing comprises an irregular shaped aperture within the protective cover, and wherein (c) comprises:
(c.1) disposing the cylindrical projection within the irregular shaped aperture to frictionally secure the cylindrical projection therein when the pin connector is disposed within the cavity.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method for encoding binary data, the method including the steps of:
performing encoder mapping for converting at least one data word having N data bit(s) into at least one binary modulation word having M data bit(s), wherein redundant information is provided so that a predetermined data word can be translated into a plurality of modulation words; and
selecting a predetermined modulation word from among the plurality of modulation words obtained through the encoder mapping step, according to a look-ahead determination criterion method,
wherein the look-ahead determination criterion method includes the steps of:
recording a current data word to be modulated and a predetermined number of future data words in either an original form or in a pre-encoded form;
making a path search for evaluating a running digital sum (RDS) for a combinational tree whose space is expanded by a multiplier of the modulation words generated by performing the encoder mapping for the recorded current and future data words; and
making a determination to select an encoding mapping method suitable for the current data word to be encoded by determining a path nearest to bounds of the RDS of the path search,
wherein a low-frequency component of a resulting binary modulation sequence is suppressed so that the value of a first-order spectrum becomes null at a frequency of 0 Hz.
2. A method for encoding binary data according to claim 1,
wherein the step of making the determination includes the step of selecting an encoder mapping method suitable for the current data word to be encoded by determining a path that is nearest to the bounds of the RDS and that is nearest to the bounds of a running sum of the RDS, and
wherein the value of a second-order spectrum becomes null at the frequency of 0 Hz.
3. An encoding apparatus for encoding binary data, the encoder comprising:
an encoder mapping device for converting at least one data word having N data bit(s) into at least one binary modulation word having M data bit(s) and providing redundant information so as to translate a predetermined data word into a plurality of modulation words;
a look-ahead determination criterion generator; and
a selector for selecting a predetermined modulation word from among the plurality of modulation words obtained through the encoder mapping device according to a criterion generated by the look-ahead determination criterion generator,
wherein the look-ahead determination criterion generator includes:
a memory for recording a current data word to be modulated and a predetermined number of future data words in either an original form or in a pre-encoded form;
a path searcher for evaluating a running digital sum (RDS) for a combinational tree whose space is expanded by the plurality of modulation words generated through the encoder mapping performed for the recorded current data word and future data words; and
a determination device for selecting an encoding mapping method suitable for the current data word to be encoded by determining a path nearest to bounds of the RDS of the path search;
wherein a low-frequency component of a resulting binary modulation sequence is suppressed so that the value of a first-order spectrum becomes null at a frequency of 0 Hz.
4. An encoding device for encoding binary data according to claim 3, wherein the determination device selects an encoder mapping method suitable for the current data word to be encoded by determining a path that is nearest to the bounds of the RDS and that is nearest to the bounds of a running sum of the RDS, and wherein a low-frequency component of a resulting binary modulation sequence is suppressed so that the value of a second-order spectrum becomes null at the frequency of 0 Hz.
5. An optical-disk recording method for recording an information signal onto an optical-disk recording medium by performing onoff modulation for continual laser light in a predetermined cycle based on a resulting encoded signal obtained through a predetermined encoding method,
wherein the encoding method includes the steps of:
performing encoder mapping for converting at least one data word having N data bit(s) into at least one binary modulation word having M data bit(s), wherein redundant information is provided so that a predetermined data word can be translated into a plurality of modulation words; and
selecting a predetermined modulation word from among the plurality of modulation words obtained through the encoder mapping step, according to a look-ahead determination criterion method,
wherein the look-ahead determination criterion method includes the steps of:
recording a current data word to be modulated and a predetermined number of future data words in either an original form or in a pre-encoded form;
making a path search for evaluating a running digital sum (RDS) for a combinational tree whose space is expanded by the plurality of the modulation words generated by performing the encoder mapping for the recorded current and future data words; and
making a determination to select an encoding mapping method suitable for the current data word to be encoded by determining a path nearest to bounds of the RDS of the path search,
wherein the step of making the determination includes the step of selecting an encoder mapping method suitable for the current data word to be encoded by determining a path that is nearest to the bounds of the RDS and that is nearest to the bounds of a running sum of the RDS, and
wherein a low-frequency component of a resulting binary modulation sequence is suppressed so that the value of a second-order spectrum becomes null at the frequency of 0 Hz.
6. An optical-disk recording apparatus comprising:
a laser-light source for emitting continual laser light;
a modulator for modulating the continual laser light from the laser-light source and irradiating an optical-disk recording medium with the modulated laser light; and
an encoding device for encoding an information signal to be recorded onto the optical-disk recording medium into an on-off modulation signal and outputting the encoded on-off modulation signal to the modulator,
wherein the encoding device includes:
an encoder mapping device for converting at least one data word having N data bit(s) into at least one binary modulation word having M data bit(s) and providing redundant information so as to translate a predetermined data word into a plurality of modulation words;
a look-ahead determination criterion generator; and
a selector for selecting a predetermined modulation word from among the plurality of modulation words obtained through the encoder mapping device according to a criterion generated by the look-ahead determination criterion generator,
wherein the look-ahead determination criterion generator includes:
a memory for recording a current data word to be modulated and a predetermined number of future data words in either an original form or in a pre-encoded form;
a path searcher for evaluating a running digital sum (RDS) for a combinational tree whose space is expanded by the plurality of modulation words generated through the encoder mapping performed for the recorded current data word and future data words; and
a determination device for determining an encoding mapping method suitable for the current data word to be encoded by selecting a path nearest to bounds of the RDS of the path search,
wherein the determination device has a selector for selecting an encoder mapping method suitable for the current data word to be encoded by determining a path that is nearest to bounds of the RDS and that is nearest to bounds of a running sum of the RDS, and
wherein a low-frequency component of a resulting binary modulation sequence is suppressed so that the value of a second-order spectrum becomes null at a frequency of 0 Hz.
7. A method for encoding binary data, the method including the steps of:
performing encoder mapping for converting at least one data word having N data bit(s) into at least one binary modulation word having M data bit(s), wherein redundant information is provided so that a predetermined data word can be translated into a plurality of modulation words by using a regular substitution code and a stochastic substitution code;
detecting a position of a word for which the regular substitution code and the stochastic substitution code are used; and
selecting a predetermined modulation word from among the plurality of modulation words obtained through the encoder mapping step, according to a look-ahead determination criterion method,
wherein the selection step includes:
storing a current data segment to be encoded with a variable length and a future data segment with a variable length in either an original form or in a pre-encoded form;
evaluating a determination criterion for each path search in a combinational tree whose space is expanded by the plurality of modulation words, the modulation words being generated by performing the encoder mapping for the current data segment and the future data segment that are stored in the memory; and
making a determination to select an encoding mapping method suitable for the current data segment to be encoded by determining a path with a best value of the determination criterion for the path search,
wherein a low-frequency component of a resulting binary modulation sequence is suppressed.
8. A method for encoding binary data according to claim 7, wherein the determination criterion includes a variance of a running digital sum (RDS).
9. A method for encoding binary data according to claim 7, wherein the regular substitution code includes a substitution code that can be periodically used at a predetermined frequency during the encoding.
10. A method for encoding binary data according to claim 9, wherein the regular substitution code is used for encoding an 8-bit source word into a 17-bit code word.
11. A method for encoding binary data according to claim 7, wherein the stochastic substitution code is used only in a predetermined position where a predetermined bit pattern occurs in an encoded bit stream.
12. An encoding apparatus for encoding binary data, the encoding apparatus comprising:
an encoder that converts at least one data word having N data bit(s) into at least one binary modulation word having M data bit(s) and that provides redundant information for translating a predetermined data word into a plurality of modulation words by using a regular substitution code and a stochastic substitution code;
a detector for detecting a position of a word for which the regular substitution code and the stochastic substitution code are used; and
a selector for selecting a predetermined modulation word from among the plurality of modulation words, which is obtained by the encoder, according to a look-ahead determination criterion,
wherein the selector includes:
a memory for storing a current data word to be encoded with a variable length and a future data segment with a variable length in either an original form or in a pre-encoded form;
an evaluation device for evaluating a determination criterion for each path search in a combinational tree whose space is expanded by the plurality of modulation words, the modulation words being generated by performing the encoder mapping for the current data segment and the future data segment that are stored in the memory; and
a determination apparatus for making a determination to select an encoding mapping method suitable for the current data segment to be encoded by determining a path with a best value of the determination criterion for the path search,
wherein a low-frequency component of a resulting binary modulation sequence is suppressed.
13. An encoding apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the determination criterion includes a variance of a running digital sum (RDS).
14. An encoding apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the regular substitution code includes a substitution code that can be periodically used at a predetermined frequency during the encoding.
15. An encoding apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the regular substitution code is used for encoding an 8-bit source word into a 17-bit code word.
16. An encoding apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the stochastic substitution code is used only in a predetermined position where a predetermined bit pattern occurs in an encoded bit stream.
17. An optical-disk recording apparatus comprising:
a laser-light source for emitting continual laser light;
a modulator for modulating the continual laser light from the laser-light source and irradiating an optical-disk recording medium with the modulated laser light; and
an encoding device for encoding an information signal to be recorded onto the optical-disk recording medium into an on-off modulation signal and outputting the encoded on-off modulation signal to the modulator,
wherein the encoding device includes:
an encoder for converting at least one data word having N data bit(s) into at least one binary modulation word having M data bit(s) and providing redundant information so as to translate a predetermined data word into a plurality of modulation words by using a regular substitution code and a stochastic substitution code;
a detector for detecting a position of a word for which the regular substitution code and the stochastic substitution code are used; and
a selector for selecting a predetermined modulation word from among the plurality of modulation words, which is obtained by the encoder, according to a look-ahead determination criterion,
wherein the selector includes:
a memory for storing a current data segment to be encoded with a variable length and a future data segment with a variable length in either an original form or in a pre-encoded form;
an evaluation device for evaluating a determination criterion for each path search in a combinational tree whose space is expanded by the plurality of modulation words, the modulation words being generated by performing the encoder mapping for the current data segment and the future data segment that are stored in the memory; and
a determination apparatus for making a determination to select an encoding mapping method suitable for the current data segment to be encoded by determining a path with a best value of the determination criterion for the path search,
wherein a low-frequency component of a resulting binary modulation sequence is suppressed.
18. An optical-disk recording apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the determination criterion includes a variance of a running digital sum (RDS).
19. An optical-disk recording apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the regular substitution code includes a substitution code that can be periodically used at a predetermined frequency during the encoding.
20. An optical-disk recording apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the regular substitution code is used for encoding an 8-bit source word into a 17-bit code word.
21. An optical-disk recording apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the stochastic substitution code is used only in a predetermined position where a predetermined bit pattern occurs in an encoded bit stream.