1. A protective film for a polarizing plate showing a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR40) of 30 gm2\xb7day or less at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 40%, a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR95) of 80 gm2\xb7day or more and 300 gm2\xb7day or less at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 95% and a value obtained by dividing the difference between WVTR95 and WVTR40 by the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR60) at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 60%, or (WVTR95-WVTR40)WVTR60, 2.0 or more.
2. The protective film for a polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR40) is 10 gm2\xb7day or less at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 40%.
3. The protective film for a polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the protective film comprises a transparent support containing at least a lactone-ring-containing resin, a polyester resin, a polycarbonate resin or a polystyrene resin, and a coat layer containing a vinyl alcohol resin.
4. The protective film for a polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the protective film comprises a transparent support containing a cellulose acylate resin, a first coat layer containing a vinyl alcohol resin, and at least one second coat layer containing a resin different from the resin contained in the first coat layer.
5. The protective film for a polarizing plate according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the first coat layer is 1 \u03bcm to 10 \u03bcm.
6. The protective film for a polarizing plate according to claim 3, wherein the first coat layer contains a layered inorganic compound having an average particle radius of 0.1 \u03bcm to 10 \u03bcm.
7. The protective film for a polarizing plate according to claim 4, wherein the second coat layer contains a resin having repetitive units derived from a chlorine-containing vinyl monomer.
8. The protective film for a polarizing plate according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the second coat layer is 0.3 \u03bcm to 5 \u03bcm.
9. The protective film for a polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the protective film further comprises at least one of a hard coat layer operating at least as hard coat, and an anti-reflection layer.
10. A polarizing plate comprising:
a polarizer; and
a protective film for a polarizing plate arranged at least at a side of the polarizer,
wherein the protective film for a polarizing plate shows a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR40) of 30 gm2\xb7day or less at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 40%, a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR95) of 80 gm2\xb7day or more and 300 gm2\xb7day or less at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 95% and a value obtained by dividing the difference between WVTR95 and WVTR40 by the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR60) at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 60%, or (WVTR95-WVTR40)WVTR60, 2.0 or more.
11. A liquid crystal display device comprising:
a liquid crystal cell;
a polarizer; and
a protective film for a polarizing plate arranged at least at a side of the polarizer,
wherein the protective film for a polarizing plate shows a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR40) of 30 gm2\xb7day or less at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 40%, a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR95) of 80 gm2\xb7day or more and 300 gm2\xb7day or less at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 95% and a value obtained by dividing the difference between WVTR95 and WVTR40 by the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR60) at 60\xb0 C. and a relative humidity of 60%, or (WVTR95-WVTR40)WVTR60, 2.0 or more.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A graphical user interface for programming a programmable controller, comprising:
a) a plurality of output interfaces;
b) a plurality of programming windows assigned respectively to each said output interface, whereby each particular one of said windows contains
i) a base node as a first graphical operating element for said respective output interface of said particular programming window and
ii) at least one additional node as an additional graphical operating element for an input interface or for a group of linked interfaces of the programmable controller, wherein said additional node comprises at least one output branch line having a free end which is actuable to be coupled to said base node or to a further additional node with a graphical operating means,
wherein coupling the free end of the output branch line of said additional node to said base node or to the further additional node establishes both a graphical and a control-system linkage between the coupled nodes.
2. The graphical user interface according to claim 1,
further comprising at least one project window, and
wherein said interfaces of the programmable controller are grouped in the project window.
3. The graphical user interface according to claim 2,
further comprising a plurality of command buttons, and
wherein said interfaces of the programmable controller are grouped in the project window and sorted according to respective functions in graphical folders activated by means of said command buttons.
4. The graphical user interface according to claim 1, wherein a series graphical linkage between the coupled nodes produces a control-system AND linkage of output signals of the coupled nodes.
5. The graphical user interface according to claim 1, wherein said particular window contains at least a second additional node in a parallel graphical linkage with said one additional node to said base node or another node, and wherein the parallel graphical linkage produces a control-system OR linkage of output signals of the one additional node and the second additional node.
6. The graphical user interface according to claim 1, wherein the linkage of said additional node to said base node or to the further node is displayed graphically in said particular programming window with said additional node oriented below said base node or the further node.
7. The graphical user interface according to claim 1,
wherein a separate node with a separate respective one of said programming windows is assigned to a group of said interfaces of the programmable controller,
wherein the group of said interfaces has a respective group of nodes, and
wherein, in said separate programming window, the control-system linkage between the group of nodes of the group of interfaces is established by a graphical linkage of the respective group of nodes.
8. The graphical user interface according to claim 1, wherein said base node of the particular programming window has at least one branch input for establishing a parameterizable linkage with the output branch line of said additional node.
9. The graphical user interface according to claim 1, wherein the further additional node of the particular programming window has at least one branch input for establishing a parameterizable linkage with the output branch line of said additional node.
10. The graphical user interface according to claim 1 wherein said base node of the particular programming window has at least two separate branch inputs, and respective graphical linkages of said one additional node and another node with the two branch inputs produces a control-system OR linkage of the output signals of the one additional node and the other node.
11. The graphical user interface according to claim 1 wherein the further additional node of the particular programming window has at least two separate branch inputs, and respective graphical linkages of said one additional node and another node with the two branch inputs produces a control-system OR linkage of the output signals of the one additional node and the other node.
12. The graphical user interface according to claim 8, wherein the at least one branch input, through which the parameterizable linkage with the output branch line of said additional node is established, is configured such that said additional node associated with the branch input is blocked for a duration during which there is a signal from at least one other node.
13. The graphical user interface according to claim 9, wherein the at least one branch input, through which the parameterizable linkage with the output branch line of said additional node is established, is configured such that said additional node associated with the branch input is blocked for a duration during which there is a signal from at least one other node.
14. The graphical user interface according to claim 1, wherein said particular window contains at least a second additional node linked to said additional node for parameterizing a time condition for said additional node.
15. The graphical user interface according to claim 14, wherein the parameterized time condition is a time delay.
16. The graphical user interface according to claim 1, wherein said graphical operating means for coupling the output branch line to said base node or to the further additional node is a computer mouse.
17. A method comprising the steps of:
in a graphical user interface, assigning a programming window to each of a plurality of output interfaces of a programmable controller;
providing a base node as a first graphical operating element for each of the programming windows;
providing at least one additional node as an additional graphical operating element, the additional node having at least one output branch line;
establishing both a graphical link on the graphical user interface and a control-system link in the programmable controller between the base node and the additional node by connecting the output branch line to the base node.