1-13. (canceled)
14. A sound reproduction system for Hi-fi, with digital signal transfer from a playback unit via a control unit to one or more active loudspeakers, each including or arranged beside an amplifier unit, wherein the control unit is arranged to control sound parameters and send both a digital sound information signal and a power signal for powering the amplifier units, and that the control unit is arranged to superimpose the single ended or differential digital signal together with the power signal on at least one common lead in a cable, the cable comprising at least two leads.
15. The sound reproduction system according to claim 14, wherein the power signal is a direct current feed.
16. The sound reproduction system according to claim 14, wherein the power supply unit for powering the active loudspeakers is comprised in the control unit.
17. The sound reproduction system according to claim 14, wherein at least one of the loudspeakers comprises multiple loudspeaker drivers, and the amplifier unit corresponding to the at least one loudspeaker, is arranged to condition the digital signal, and provide an appropriately conditioned signal to each loudspeaker driver.
18. The sound reproduction system according to claim 17, wherein the amplifier unit comprises a digital crossover filter for at least two frequency ranges and is arranged to provide at least one of: equalization, voltage limiting, dynamic range processing, dynamic equalization, volume and, noise gating.
19. The sound reproduction system according to claim 17, wherein the amplifier unit is arranged to separate the digital signal into multiple intermediate signals, each corresponding to a frequency range, and condition, convert and deliver each intermediate signal to a corresponding loudspeaker driver.
20. The sound reproduction system according to claim 18, wherein the amplifier unit is arranged to separate the digital signal into multiple intermediate signals, each corresponding to a frequency range, and condition, convert and deliver each intermediate signal to a corresponding loudspeaker driver.
21. The sound reproduction system according to claim 14, wherein the amplifier units are arranged to separate out from the common cable, the digital signal corresponding to the sound as it should be delivered to the respective loudspeaker.
22. The sound reproduction system according to claim 14, wherein an amplifier unit further comprises an analogue amplifier for processing a signal with high frequency content.
23. The sound reproduction system according to claim 14, wherein an amplifier unit comprises a receiver arranged to accept a superimposed signal.
24. The sound reproduction system according to claim 23, wherein the receiver or a part of the receiver is comprised in the processor.
25. The sound reproduction system according to claim 14, wherein the control unit is arranged to receive a digital sound signal from a wall socket or a wireless transceiver.
26. The sound reproduction system according to claim 14, wherein the superimposed signal is simultaneously delivered to all or a group of the loudspeakers from a common lead in the control unit.
27. The sound reproduction system according to claim 23, wherein the superimposed signal is simultaneously delivered to all or a group of the loudspeakers from a common lead in the control unit.
28. The sound reproduction system according to claim 27, wherein the receiver or a part of the receiver is arranged to decipher only the digital sound signal or decoded sound information signals intended for the respective loudspeaker, so that loudspeakers can be connected one after another or in branches.
29. The sound reproduction system according to claim 25, wherein the superimposed signal is simultaneously delivered to all or a group of the loudspeakers from a common lead in the control unit.
30. The sound reproduction system according to claim 29, wherein the receiver or a part of the receiver is arranged to decipher only the digital sound signal or decoded sound information signals intended for the respective loudspeaker, so that loudspeakers can be connected one after another or in branches.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computer implemented system for optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load in an energy imbalance market of an energy distribution system separate from a bilateral energy trading market and a dedicated regulation function of the energy distribution system, the energy distribution system including an energy distribution region subdivided into a plurality of different control areas including imbalance market participants, the system comprising:
means for receiving from a plurality of imbalance market participants, including energy generation participants and energy consuming load participants in an energy distribution region, energy supply and energy demand requirements for imbalance energy in an energy imbalance market;
means for determining optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each imbalance market participant for balancing generation and load imbalances in the imbalance market responsive to security constraints of at least one imbalance market participant, wherein determining optimal dispatch is based on a direct current line transmission security constraint according to the relationship:
Pow
line
base
+
\u2211
unit
\u2208
G
\u2062
\u2062
SF
line
;
\u2062
unit
\xb7
(
En
unit
t
–
En
unit
base
)
–
\u2211
load
\u2208
L
\u2062
\u2062
SF
line
;
\u2062
load
\xb7
(
En
load
t
–
En
load
base
)
,
wherein
Pow
line
base
\u2003is a power line base flow, unit is one of a group of energy generators G, SFline;unit is a shift factor for the unit on the line,
En
unit
t
\u2003is the unit energy for time interval t,
En
unit
base
\u2003is the unit base energy, load is one of a group of energy loads L, SFline;load is a shift factor for the load on the line,
En
load
t
\u2003is the load energy for the time interval t, and
En
load
base
\u2003is the load base energy; and
means for generating balancing dispatch instructions responsive to the determined optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each imbalance market participant for use in controlling their respective energy generation and energy load to remedy energy generation and energy load imbalances in the imbalance market other than the use of a bilateral energy trading market and a dedicated regulation function of the energy distribution system.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a market participant energy limit.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a load energy limit.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a market participant regulation availability.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a market participant regulation range.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a market participant spinning reserve limit.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a load spinning reserve limit.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a market participant non-spinning reserve limit.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a market participant capacity limit.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein said constraint is a load capacity limit.
11. A method for optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load in an energy imbalance market of an energy distribution system separate from a bilateral energy trading market and a dedicated regulation function of the energy distribution system, the energy distribution system including an energy distribution region subdivided into a plurality of different control areas including imbalance market participants, the method comprising:
receiving from a plurality of imbalance market participants, including energy generation participants and energy consuming load participants in an energy distribution region, energy supply and energy demand requirements for imbalance energy in an energy imbalance market;
determining optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each imbalance market participant for balancing generation and load imbalances in the imbalance market responsive to security constraints of at least one imbalance market participant, wherein determining optimal dispatch is based on a direct current line transmission security constraint according to the relationship:
Pow
line
base
+
\u2211
unit
\u2208
G
\u2062
\u2062
SF
line
;
\u2062
unit
\xb7
(
En
unit
t
–
En
unit
base
)
–
\u2211
load
\u2208
L
\u2062
\u2062
SF
line
;
\u2062
load
\xb7
(
En
load
t
–
En
load
base
)
,
wherein
Pow
line
base
\u2003is a power line base flow, unit is one of a group of energy generators G, SFline;unit is a shift factor for the unit on the line,
En
unit
t
\u2003is the unit energy for time interval t,
En
unit
base
\u2003is the unit base energy, load is one of a group of energy loads L, SFline;load is a shift factor for the load on the line,
En
load
t
\u2003is the load energy for the time interval t, and
En
load
base
\u2003is the load base energy; and
generating balancing dispatch instructions responsive to the determined optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each imbalance market participant for use in controlling their respective energy generation and energy load to remedy energy generation and energy load imbalances in the imbalance market other than the use of a bilateral energy trading market and a dedicated regulation function of the energy distribution system.