1. An apparatus to prevent reperfusion injury within an arterial vessel, the apparatus comprising:
an elongated catheter having a proximal region and a distal region, the distal region for advancement within an arterial vessel to a region proximal to a lesion;
having only a single expandable member coupled to the elongated catheter near the distal region occludes blood flow proximal to the lesion causing blockage of blood flow to an ischemic region distal to the lesion; and
an infusion catheter disposed within a first lumen formed within the elongated catheter, the infusion catheter slideable within the first lumen to extend a substantial length past the distal region of the elongated catheter, wherein the infusion catheter releases an anti-reperfusion drug through a distal tip opening in a distal terminal end of the infusion catheter, wherein, during release, an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a diameter small enough to advance through the lesion without causing a large channel or reperfusion pathway to form through the lesion.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, during release, only an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a tapered diameter that gradually reduces in size near the distal section for guiding through an inner diameter of the lesion.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein occluding comprises occluding blood flow proximal to the lesion, but not across the lesion or distal to the lesion.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, during release, only an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a diameter slightly smaller than an inner diameter of the lesion.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elongated catheter is sized for percutaneous advancement through an arterial vessel, and wherein the infusion catheter is sized to traverse an occluding lesion formed within the arterial vessel.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the expandable member comprises an inflatable balloon, and wherein the elongated catheter further comprises an inflation lumen extending from the proximal region to the inflatable balloon, the inflation lumen to receive an inflation medium to inflate the inflatable balloon.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elongated catheter is a rapid exchange catheter having a guidewire lumen that is different than the infusion catheter lumen, and which only exists in a distal portion of the elongated catheter.
8. An apparatus to prevent reperfusion injury within an arterial vessel, the apparatus comprising:
an elongated catheter having a proximal region and a distal region, the distal region for advancement within an arterial vessel to a region proximal to a lesion;
having only a single expandable member coupled to the elongated catheter near the distal region occludes blood flow proximal to the lesion causing blockage of blood flow to an ischemic region distal to the lesion; and
an infusion catheter disposed within a first lumen formed within the elongated catheter, the infusion catheter slideable within the first lumen to extend a substantial length past the distal region of the elongated catheter, wherein the infusion catheter releases an anti-reperfusion drug through a distal tip opening in a distal terminal end of the infusions catheter, wherein, during release, an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a tapered diameter that gradually reduces in size near the distal section for guiding through an inner diameter of the lesion.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein, during release, only an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a diameter small enough to advance through the lesion without causing a large channel or reperfusion pathway to form through the lesion.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein occluding comprises occluding blood flow proximal to the lesion, but not across the lesion or distal to the lesion.
11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the elongated catheter is sized for percutaneous advancement through an arterial vessel, and wherein the infusion catheter is sized to traverse an occluding lesion formed within the arterial vessel.
12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the expandable member comprises an inflatable balloon, and wherein the elongated catheter further comprises an inflation lumen extending from the proximal region to the inflatable balloon, the inflation lumen to receive an inflation medium to inflate the inflatable balloon.
13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the elongated catheter is a rapid exchange catheter having a guidewire lumen that is different than the infusion catheter lumen, and which only exists in a distal portion of the elongated catheter.
14. A system to prevent reperfusion injury within an arterial vessel, comprising:
an elongated catheter having a proximal region and a distal region, the distal region for advancement within an arterial vessel to a region proximal to a lesion;
having only a single expandable member coupled to the elongated catheter near the distal region occludes blood flow proximal to the lesion causing blockage of blood flow to an ischemic region distal to the lesion, wherein occluding comprises occluding blood flow proximal to the lesion, but not across the lesion or distal to the lesion; and
an infusion catheter disposed within a first lumen formed within the elongated catheter, the infusion catheter slideable within the first lumen to extend a substantial length past the distal region of the elongated catheter, wherein the infusion catheter releases an anti-reperfusion drug downstream from the infusion catheter to treat the lesion.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein, during release, only an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a diameter small enough to advance through the lesion without causing a large channel or reperfusion pathway to form through the lesion.
16. The system of claim 14, wherein, during release, only an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a tapered diameter that gradually reduces in size near the distal section for guiding through an inner diameter of the lesion.
17. An apparatus using only a single expandable member to prevent reperfusion injury within an arterial vessel, the apparatus comprising:
means for occluding a region proximal to a lesion within an arterial vessel using a single expandable member, wherein blood flow is only occluded proximal to the lesion, but is not occluded across the lesion, and is not occluded distal to the lesion;
means for advancing an infusion catheter past the lesion and to a region distal to the lesion using a guidewire in a guidewire lumen; and
means for releasing an anti-reperfusion drug to the region distal to the lesion using an infusion lumen.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein, during releasing, only an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a diameter small enough to advance through the lesion without causing a large channel or reperfusion pathway to form through the lesion.
19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein, during releasing, only an outer surface of the infusion catheter is exposed through the lesion, and the exposed outer surface has a tapered diameter that gradually reduces in size near the distal section for guiding through an inner diameter of the lesion.
20. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein means for occluding further comprises means for blocking blood flow proximal to the lesion prior to releasing the anti-reperfusion drug to the region distal to the lesion.
21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein means for advancing further comprises means for maintaining minimal blood flow across the lesion.
22. A system to prevent reperfusion injury within an arterial vessel, comprising:
an elongated catheter having a proximal region and a distal region, the distal region for advancement within an arterial vessel to a region proximal to a lesion;
an expandable member coupled to the elongated catheter near the distal region to occlude blood flow proximal to the lesion causing blockage of blood flow to an ischemic region distal to the lesion, wherein occluding comprises occluding blood flow proximal to the lesion, by using the expandable member to occlude the arterial vessel at a location proximal to the lesion;
an infusion catheter disposed within a first lumen formed within the elongated catheter, the infusion catheter slideable within the first lumen to extend a substantial length past the distal region of the elongated catheter, wherein the infusion catheter is adapted to release an anti-reperfusion drug;
a guidewire lumen to receive a guidewire to guide the infusion catheter, wherein the guidewire lumen is formed within the infusion catheter, wherein the guidewire extends externally along an outer wall of the elongated catheter along the proximal portion and enters the elongated catheter near the expandable member; and
a dilatation catheter to reintroduce blood flow to the ischemic region distal to the lesion after release of the anti-reperfusion drug.
23. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the infusion catheter does not release the anti-reperfusion drug though side ports in the side surfaces of the infusion catheter.
24. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elongated catheter does not include a second expandable member to occlude blood flow distal to the lesion.
25. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the expandable member does not touch or extend through the lesion.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system in the form of a machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter, comprising:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user; and
an objective occurrence data acquisition module configured to acquire the objective occurrence data, the objective occurrence data to be acquired including the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user comprises:
a requesting module configured to request for at least the portion of the objective occurrence data including the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence from the user.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein said requesting module configured to request for at least the portion of the objective occurrence data including the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence from the user comprises:
a selection request module configured to request for a selection to be made by the user of an objective occurrence from a plurality of indicated alternative objective occurrences.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein said requesting module configured to request for at least the portion of the objective occurrence data including the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence from the user comprises:
a confirmation request module configured to request for a confirmation by the user of incidence of the at least one objective occurrence.
5. The system of claim 2, wherein said requesting module configured to request for at least the portion of the objective occurrence data including the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence from the user comprises:
a motivation request module configured to provide a motivation for requesting for the request.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user comprises:
a requesting module configured to request from one or more third party sources the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein said requesting module configured to request from one or more third party sources the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
a confirmation request module configured to request for a confirmation of incidence of at least one objective occurrence by the one or more third party sources.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user comprises:
a requesting module configured to request one or more remote devices to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein said requesting module configured to request one or more remote devices to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
a request transmission module configured to transmit to the one or more remote devices a request to be provided with the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein said requesting module configured to request one or more remote devices to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
a request to access module configured to transmit a request to the one or more remote devices to have access to the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein said requesting module configured to request one or more remote devices to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
a configuration module designed to configure one or more remote devices to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein said requesting module configured to request one or more remote devices to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
a directinginstructing module configured to direct or instruct one or more remote devices to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein said requesting module configured to request one or more remote devices to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
a requesting module configured to request one or more sensors to provide the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
14. The system of claim 1, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user comprises:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies one or more temporal relationships between the one or more objective occurrences and the one or more subjective user states.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein said hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies one or more temporal relationships between the one or more objective occurrences and the one or more subjective user states comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies one or more time sequential relationships between the at least one subjective user state and the one or more objective occurrences.
17. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between at least an ingestion of a medicine and the one or more subjective user states.
18. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between at least an ingestion of a food item and the one or more subjective user states.
19. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between at least an ingestion of a nutraceutical and the one or more subjective user states.
20. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between execution of one or more exercise routines and the one or more subjective user states.
21. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between execution of one or more social activities and the one or more subjective user states.
22. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between execution of one or more activities executed by a third party and the one or more subjective user states.
23. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between one or more physical characteristics of the user and the one or more subjective user states.
24. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between a resting, a learning, or a recreational activity performed by the user and the one or more subjective user states.
25. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between one or more external activities and the one or more subjective user states.
26. The system of claim 14, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module including a hypothesis reference module, the objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence based, at least in part, on the hypothesis reference module referencing the hypothesis comprises:
a hypothesis reference module configured to reference a hypothesis that identifies a relationship between one or more locations of the user and the one or more subjective user states.
27. The system of claim 1, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user comprises:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response to a reception to a request to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the request to solicit being remotely generated based, at least in part, on the hypothesis.
28. The system of claim 27, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response to a reception to a request to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the request to solicit being remotely generated based, at least in part, on the hypothesis comprises:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response to a request to solicit reception module receiving a request to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the request to solicit being remotely generated based, at least in part, on the hypothesis and based and in response to the incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user.
29. The system of claim 1, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user comprises:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user.
30. The system of claim 29, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving, via one or more blog entries, the data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user.
31. The system of claim 29, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving, via one or more status reports, the data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user.
32. The system of claim 29, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving, via one or more electronic messages, the data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user.
33. The system of claim 29, wherein said objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
an objective occurrence data solicitation module configured to solicit the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence in response, at least in part, to a subjective user state data reception module receiving from the user the data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user.
34. The system of claim 1, wherein said objective occurrence data acquisition module configured to acquire the objective occurrence data, the objective occurrence data to be acquired including the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
an objective occurrence data reception module configured to receive at least the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
35. The system of claim 34, wherein said objective occurrence data reception module configured to receive at least the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
an objective occurrence data reception module configured to receive, via one or more blog entries, the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
36. The system of claim 34, wherein said objective occurrence data reception module configured to receive at least the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
an objective occurrence data reception module configured to receive, via one or more status reports, the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
37. The system of claim 34, wherein said objective occurrence data reception module configured to receive at least the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence comprises:
an objective occurrence data reception module configured to receive, via one or more electronic messages, the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
38. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a subjective user state data acquisition module configured to acquire subjective user state data, the acquired subjective user state data including data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user.
39. The system of claim 38, wherein said subjective user state data acquisition module configured to acquire subjective user state data, the acquired subjective user state data including data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
a subjective user state data reception module configured to receive the subjective user state data including the data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user.
40. The system of claim 39, wherein said subjective user state data reception module configured to receive the subjective user state data including the data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
a subjective user state data reception module configured to receive, via one or more blog entries, the subjective user state data.
41. The system of claim 39, wherein said subjective user state data reception module configured to receive the subjective user state data including the data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
a subjective user state data reception module configured to receive, via one or more status reports, the subjective user state data.
42. The system of claim 39, wherein said subjective user state data reception module configured to receive the subjective user state data including the data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
a subjective user state data reception module configured to receive, via one or more electronic messages, the subjective user state data.
43. The system of claim 38, wherein said subjective user state data acquisition module configured to acquire subjective user state data, the acquired subjective user state data including data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
a time stamp acquisition module configured to receive a time stamp associated with the incidence of the at least one subjective user state.
44. The system of claim 38, wherein said subjective user state data acquisition module configured to acquire subjective user state data, the acquired subjective user state data including data indicating incidence of the at least one subjective user state associated with the user comprises:
a time interval acquisition module configured to acquire an indication of a time interval associated with the incidence of the at least one subjective user state.
45. A computationally-implemented system, comprising:
circuitry for soliciting at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user; and
circuitry for acquiring the objective occurrence data, the objective occurrence data to be acquired including the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.
46. An article of manufacture, comprising:
a non-transitory signal-bearing medium bearing:
one or more instructions for soliciting at least a portion of objective occurrence data including soliciting data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence, the solicitation being prompted based at least in part on a hypothesis linking one or more objective occurrences with one or more subjective user states and in response, at least in part, to an occurrence of at least one subjective user state associated with a user; and
one or more instructions for acquiring the objective occurrence data, the objective occurrence data to be acquired including the data indicating incidence of at least one objective occurrence.